I-skyscraper eliphakeme: i ngiziqhayise emadolobheni ehlukene zezwe

Umlando izakhiwo ezifana namabhilidi eliphakeme owaqala ngokuvukela kokusungulwa ngamakheshi othomathikhi. Emuva ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19 waseMelika uHenry Otis aklame lesi okusungulile ukusiza ekwakheni eliphezulu liphumele izakhiwo ngaphandle ukuphakama imikhawulo. Kuleli zwe lanamuhla, ukwakhiwa eliphezulu liphumele izakhiwo luqhutshwa kunoma iyiphi muzi, kanye phezulu eliphakeme, elisedolobheni, kuba uhlobo ikhadi lebhizinisi. Ezweni lanamuhla, lapho indawo endaweni yedolobha eziphelayo, ukwakhiwa ephezulu liphumele izakhiwo yisona sixazululo kungenzeka kuphela.

I-skyscraper eliphakeme kunawo wonke emhlabeni Bebelokhu baziwa futhi kuchazwe. indawo Okokuqala kulolu hlu iyona edume "Khalifa" e Dubai umbhoshongo, eyaqedwa ngo-2010. Ukuphakama wobuciko yezakhiwo kuyinto 828 metres uphinde uthele kancane 162 emabhilidini isakhiwo.

indawo Okwesibili is ngokufanelekile sanikelwa ukuba phezulu "Teybey" eTaiwan, nge amamitha yayo 508 kanye 101 izibuya. Lesi sakhiwo kuyinto e isitayela postmodernism iminyaka 6 kwaba kwezihlahla ezinde kunazo zonke esakhiweni ephezulu liphumele, ke ongakabi kwakufanele sithathelwe indawo yizinto entendeni kuya Tower "Khalifa", kodwa namanje omunye enhle kakhulu ehhovisi izakhiwo, yokuxhuma ku bokwakhiwa kwezindlu zayo izici impucuko yaseNtshonalanga nge motifs Chinese.

I-skyscraper eliphakeme e China - Shanghai ngamazwe isikhungo sezimali isikhundla yayisendaweni ingeyesithathu emhlabeni simo. Wabuye, efana Taiwanese "Teybey" has 101 phansi, kodwa ukuphakama jikelele amamitha 492 kuphela.

Isikhundla wesine kuhlala Malaysian kwemibhoshongo iwele "Towers Petronas", okuyinto ezingeni ukuphakama 452 amamitha has 88 izibuya. Lezi namabhilidi akhiwe usebenzisa bendabuko motifs Islamic futhi abe jumper ezingeni 170 metres, okuthiwa "Sky Ibhuloho", ke uxhuma kwalezi zakhiwo ezimbili ibe kuqamba yezakhiwo.

It uqeda emihlanu phezulu iyona amafu aphakeme of America - "Willis Tower", etholakala e-Chicago. Ngaphandle kweqiniso lokuthi kwabathile ithatha endaweni yesihlanu ohlwini izakhiwo esiphakeme kunazo zonke, kubuye kube omunye namabhilidi endala, yakhiwa ngo-1973. Lesi sakhiwo 110 storey izici izakhiwo yasekuqaleni - kufana eziningana embondelene ndawonye sendlala parallelepipeds, futhi ifinyelela ukuphakama 443,2 amamitha.

Nokho, lokho kungaba ozibongayo Europe? I-skyscraper kunazo zonke e-Europe - London "Shard", okuyinto has a ukuphakama 'isizotha' 310 metres uphinde uthele kancane 95 izibuya. Lokhu isakhiwo yezakhiwo ngesimo iphiramidi giant nge esiyingqayizivele ewumngcingo laser ukukhanya kuye kwabangela impikiswano eshubile emphakathini. Italian wezakhiwo knapsack, okuyinto umthuthukisi nombhali umbono, wamangalelwa ukuthi wayonakalisiwe ukubukeka zomlando yaseLondon. Kwaba kokungenela UNESCO, Nokho, iziphathimandla banxenxa umphakathi jikelele ukuthi amafu kuletha izinzuzo ezingaphezu kuka nemibi.

Kodwa lo mncintiswano phakathi kwalawa mazwe amabili ngoba unelungelo kwezihlahla ezinde kunazo zonke ukwakhiwa yezakhiwo emhlabeni uyaqhubeka. Melika uhlela ukwakha e Miami mega-phezulu obude kuyoba 975 metres, futhi Bahrain sizongena isiphakamiso sokwakha isakhiwo esinezitezi ezingu-200. Kodwa-Japanese babe nesibindi sokushumayela zonke ezinye izizwe - ezinhlelweni zabo ukuze kwakhiwe i-skyscraper 4 amakhilomitha okusezingeni eliphezulu!