I-tangut rhubarb: isithombe, incazelo, uhlelo lokusebenza

I-rhubarb ye-Tangut iyisikhathi eside esiqhakazayo, iMongolia ne-China yizindawo zokuzalwa. Izakhiwo zokuphulukisa zalesi sitshalo zaziziwa ngisho nabahlengikazi baseGrisi nabasePheresiya basendulo. Kwakungenxa yabo ukuthi izakhamuzi zamazwe aseYurophu zafunda nge-rhubarb. ERussia, wayekhona ngo-1872. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, lisetshenziselwa ukuphatha izifo ezihlukahlukene. Esihlokweni samanje uzothola ukwaziswa okuningiliziwe ngalesi sitshalo esiyingqayizivele.

Incazelo emfushane

I-rhubarb ye-Tangut iyisitshalo se-herbaceous ene-multi-headed rhizome esinezinhlobonhlobo eziningi, okuvela kuyo izinqubo ezinkulu ezinama-spindle. Emigqeni engavumelekile engavunyelwe, egcwele amabala abomvu, kukhona amaqabunga e-fleecy. Ubude babo, kanye nama-petioles, buyi-1 m.

Ukuphakama kwemigqa ye-stalk eqondile, eqondile ukusuka kwesigamu esisodwa kuya kwesigamu kuya kumamitha amathathu. Izithelo ze-rhubarb yi-nutret e-redhedral e-trihedral, okungekho ubude obungadluli ku-10 cm. Ngaphambi kwezimpande zesitshalo kukhona amaqabunga amakhulu amanzi we-hue eluhlaza. NgoMeyi noma ngoJuni, i-rhubarb ye-Tangut, esithombeni sayo singabonwa esihlokweni samanje, ihlanganiswe nezimbali ezincane ezimhlophe noma ezibomvu ezitholakala ezindaweni ezisezingeni leziqu. Lesi sitshalo sikhiqiza iphunga elilodwa futhi linomusa obabayo.

Indawo yokusabalalisa

Ukutshala kwemvelo kwe-rhubarb kungabonakala kuphela ezindaweni zehlathi nezintaba zaseCentral China. Lapho ukhula endaweni engokwemvelo endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha angama-2500-3200 ngaphezu kolwandle.

Esikhathini sezimboni, kutshalwa ezintabeni zaseSiberia, iBaltics, iBelarus ne-Ukraine. Izindawo eziyinhloko zokulima kwalokhu zisetshenziswa zihlala ezindaweni zase-Asia Ephakathi nasemazweni aseNtshonalanga Yurophu.

Ukutshala nokunakekelwa

Njenge-rhubarb ye-Tangut, igama lesiLatini elizwakala njengeRheum palmatum L., isitshalo esingabandeki, singatshalwa ngokushesha emhlabathini. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukwenza lokhu ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo noma phakathi kuka-Okthoba. Ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokutshala kwe-rhubarb, isayithi sigcwele ama-humus (amabhakede amathathu omanyolo athathwa cishe yi-1 m ² endaweni).

Imbewu ehlwanyelwe ihlelwe emigodini elungiselelwe ngaphambili, ibanga elingamamentimitha angamatshumi amabili komunye nomunye futhi livaliwe ukujula kwe-1-1.5 cm. Ukunakekelwa okuqhubekayo kwezithombo kuncishiswa ukuchelela njalo, ukuphulukisa nokuhleleka okuhlelekile kwenhlabathi ezungeze amahlumela avele.

Yondla isitshalo izikhathi ezimbalwa ngenkathi. Yenza lokhu ngokusetshenziswa kwamaminerali e-organic organic or complex complex. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njalo eminyakeni emine ngaphansi kwezihlahla udinga ukwenza amabhakede amabili womquba noma ama-humus.

Izifo nezinambuzane

Njengazo zonke ezinye izitshalo, i-rhubarb ingathinteka ezinye izifo. Uma kungekho ukunakekelwa okufanele, i-ramuria ingabonakala kuyo. Lesi sifo sefungalula sibonakala ngesimo samabala obomvu, sikhula njengoba lesi sifo siphuthuka. Ngesikhathi esifanayo bahlangana nomunye, futhi phakathi kwabo balahlekelwa umbala ogqamile. Esikhathini sezulu sezulu, i-powdery yokuvuthwa kwe-silvery-gray noma emhlophe ivela kubo. Ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kwalesi sifo ekwindla, zonke izinsalela zezitshalo zisuswa kusayithi, futhi ubuso bomhlaba buphathwa nganoma yikuphi ukulungiselela okunezethusi.

Isifo esingajwayelekile kakhulu se-rhubarb yi-powdery isikhutha. Kulula ukubona ukuthi isitshalo esikhanyayo sihlanzekile sihlasela amaqabunga ezitshalo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kuba yimbi futhi iba mnyama. Ngenxa yalokho, izingxenye ezithintekayo ziyeke ukukhula, zibe mnyama futhi zife kancane kancane. Izimila eziphethwe isikhutha se-powdery zilahlekelwa yi-frost resistance. Ukulwa nale nkinga, ingxenye eyodwa yephesenti ye-Bordeaux isetshenziswa njalo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngamaqabunga e-rhubarb ngezinye izikhathi kukhona ukubiza okuthiwa i-rust. Kuyinto yokutheleleka kwe-fungal eholela ekusungulweni kwama-pustules. Lapho kuphahlazeka, izinhlamvu ezinomvutha zivela kubo. Izibonelo ezithintekayo zitholakale ekukhuleni nasekunciphiseni kwezinqubo zemithi. Ukuze silwe nale nkinga, kubalulekile ukusika amaqabunga abathintekayo, futhi isitshalo ngokwaso kufanele siphathwe kabili nge "Topaz". Sebenzisa lesi sidakamizwa ngesithuba sezinsuku eziyishumi.

Ngokuphathelene nezinambuzane, ingozi enkulu kunazo zonke ze-rhubarb yizibungu ze-scoop eyinhloko. Amaqanda alobusika bezinambuzane ngaphezu kwehlathi. Entwasahlobo yabo zibonakala sengathi izibungu ezimhlophe noma ezingcolile, ezingamamitha angu-4.5 ubude. Zidla inyama yezitshalo, zingene emapulini namaqabunga azo. Izakhi ezilimazayo ziqala ukufa, futhi izidumbu zihamba ezindaweni ezingakaze zenziwe.

I-weevils okuthiwa i-rhubarb ayinasisindo esincane kulesi sitshalo esikwelapha. Lezi zimbungulu eziyisithupha-millimeter, ezinama-elytra ahlanganiswe nezikali ezibomvu neziluhlaza, zidla amaqabunga. Futhi izinsikazi zalezi zinambuzane zibeka amaqanda kuma-cuttings e-rhubarb. Izimpungushe ezivela kuzo zihlala emaqabunga bese zibadla. Singaqeda ama-weevils ngokuphatha i-rhubarb ngesisombululo sama-manganese (ama-gramu ama-5 wezinto ezinama-10 amalitha amanzi).

Anyanisi, petioles kanye neziqu zalesi sitshalo nazo zingatshalwa nge-anyanon nematodes. Lezi zibungu ezincane zibangela ukuthambisa nokuvuvukala kwezicubu ze-rhubarb, okuholela ekutheni isihlahla sifinyelele kancane kancane. Ososayensi abakakaqali indlela ephumelelayo yokulwa ne-anyanon nematodes. Esizeni lapho lezi zibungu ezincane zitholakala khona, awukwazi ukutshala lutho eminyakeni emibili elandelayo. Futhi zonke izihlahla ezikhulayo kuwo ziyakwazi ukushisa.

Ukuqoqwa nokuthengwa kwempahla eluhlaza

Emthini ongewona wendabuko, impande ye-rhubarb ye-Tangut (ngesiLatini Rheum palmatum L.) isetshenziswa kabanzi. Ukuthengwa kwalokhu okubonakalayo okubalulekile kuqhutshwa ngoSepthemba. Izimpande ezivutshiwe zezitshalo ezineminyaka emine zihlanjululwa ngotshani lomhlabathi kanye nengxenye yomhlabathi, ihlanzwa ngamanzi abandayo futhi ihlanjululwe kusuka ezingxenyeni ezifakiwe.

Bese-ke banqunywa zibe yizingcezu ezingu-10 cm bese bomile. Okokuqala bahlelwe elangeni, bese - emthunzini noma ekamelweni elivame umoya. Futhi ngalezi zinhloso, ungasebenzisa isomisi ekhethekile. Kule fomu, izimpande ze- rhubarb zingagcinwa cishe iminyaka emihlanu.

Izici eziphilayo

I-tangut (i-lily-shaped) i-rhubarb ikhula kahle endaweni lapho izinga eliphezulu lokuswakama komoya nomhlabathi kugcinwa kuyo yonke inkathi ekhulayo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kuzwela kakhulu lapho kwenzeka khona amanzi angaphansi komhlaba. Awukwazi ukutshala ezindaweni ezithuthukile nezikhukhulayo.

Kungakapheli iminyaka emithathu, lesi sitshalo sinesikhathi sokwenza uhlelo lwempande oluhlelekile, olufinyelele ekujuleni kwesigamu semitha, kanye nengxenye enamandla engaphezulu. Konke lokhu kuyenzeka kuphela enhlabathini evundile, ephelele. I-Rhubarb Tangut ikhula kahle kuma-chernozems e-loamy alula. Kuye, inhlabathi ye-boggy neyesihlabathi ayinakufanelekile.

Ukushisa okungenani okuhluma kwembewu kungama-5-6 degrees. Kodwa ngokufanele le nkhomba kufanele ibe phakathi kuka-15-20 ⁰ C. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezinjalo, imbewu iqala ukuvuvukala emva kwamahora angu-48-50, futhi amahlumela okuqala avela ngosuku lwesihlanu.

Ukwenziwa kwamakhemikhali

I-rhubarb ye-Tangut iqukethe ama-amino acid ayishumi ayadingeka ukuze kusebenze ngokujwayelekile komzimba womuntu. Iqukethe i-fiber eyanele, i-pectin, i-carbohydrate yokugaya kanye nemaprotheni yemifino. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ucebile ku-tocopherol, isimiso, i-ascorbic acid, i-niacin, i-pyridoxine, i-riboflavin ne-thiamine.

Ezingxenyeni zalesi sitshalo kuqukethe ukuhlushwa okuphezulu kakhulu kwezinto eziphilayo ezisebenzayo, ama-ether-like like and salerals. Icebile ensimbi, i-phosphorus, i-magnesium, i-calcium ne-potassium.

Izinzuzo zezimila

Ukuphulukisa izakhiwo zalokhu kuphela kubangelwa ukwakhiwa kwamakhemikhali akhethekile. Amalungiselelo e-tangut rhubarb anqunyelwe abantu abane-anemia, ama-hemorrhoids, isifo sofuba, isifo sofuba nesifo sesibindi nesibindi. Ngenxa yezinto ezihlukumezayo neziphikisana nalesi sitshalo, kusiza ngokuphumelelayo ukulwa nezinye izifo zesikhumba.

Lapho i-antraglycosides equkethwe kuso ihlanganiswa, kuvezwa ifilimu evikela ngokuthembekile i-membrane yamangqamuzana yomuthi wamathumbu. Ngenxa yalokho, kukhona ukusimama kwesihlalo, ukunyuka kwethembo jikelele, ukuthuthukiswa kwesifiso sokudla kanye nokusheshisa kwezinqubo zokusebenzisa umzimba.

I-rangbarb ye-Tangut: uhlelo lokusebenza emithi yokwelapha

Abakhulu-ugogo bethu basebenzisa lolu hlelo lokuphela kwezifo eziningi. Ezinye zalezi zokupheka zisinda kuze kube yilolu suku. Umhluzi we-rhubarb, ophekwe emathini wezipuni ezimbalwa zemishini eluhlaza yemifino kanye nama-milliliters angu-250 amanzi, aphikisana nokuqothulwa. Kuthathwa ngezigaba ezincane ngaphambi kokulala.

Ukumnika i-rhubarb, eyenziwe ngamamitha ayizigidi ezingu-300 amanzi abilayo kanye nezipuni ezimbalwa zezitshalo ezomile, ezisetshenziselwa ukugeza izinwele. Ngenxa yale nqubo elula, abesifazane basemadolobheni babenama-silky shiny braids.

Ngomfutho wegazi ophakeme wasilwa ngosizo lwesilingo esisimangaliso esenziwe ngamapuni wezipuni amabili omisiwe omisiwe we-rhubarb Tangut Futhi izingilazi zamanzi eziyingxenye. Konke lokhu kwakuxubene epanini elingaphakathi futhi kubilisiwe ekushiseni okungapheli isikhathi esingangxenye yehora.