I-World Tanks Kusuka ku-1939 kuya ku-1970 Iminyaka

I-Germany:

Ngo-September 1939, ngenkathi ibutho laseJalimane lihlasela iPoland, wayengazange amukele umqondo kaGeneral Heinz Guderian, owawusebenzisa ukusetshenziswa kwamathangi empi empini. Izimoto eziphethe izikhali ze-Wehrmacht zazingama-tank izimoto, njengezimoto ezazifaneleka kakhulu ukuqeqesha abasebenzi. Kodwa ngaphambi kokuhlasela kweFrance ngoMeyi 1940, amaJalimane athuthuka kakhulu ekuqeqesheni nasekuhleleni kabusha ukukhiqizwa kwamathangi, kuhlanganise nokuphakama kwamanani amathangi amasha angaba amathani angu-23, ngokusheshisa kufika ku-24 mph, nangokwenyuka kwezibhamu 37 mm ePanzer III futhi kufike ku-75 mm ePanzer IV. Ukuze silwe neSoviet Union, okungukuthi ngokumelene ne-T-34 yayo ephumelelayo, amaJalimane aqala ukuphikisana ngendlela yomshini ophelele. Leli "Panther", - ithangi eliphakathi cishe liyi-tank engcono kakhulu yaseJalimane, esilinganisa amathani angaba ngu-50 ngezihumusho zamuva, futhi ngesivinini esingama-28 mph. Iphethe i-"Panther" engamamaki angama-75-mm.

Ngama-1942 amaJalimane adlulisa itanki elisha lomhlaba - "Tiger", eliphikisana nemibono emisiwe mayelana nempi ye-tank. Naphezu kwezinkinga ezihamba phambili, ukusebenza kanye nesivinini, leli tangi elinzima lanikeza ukuvikelwa kwezikhali ezingavamile kanye nomlilo onamandla angamakhilogremu angu-88-mm. Isivinini sikaTiger sasihamba ngamamayela angu-23 ngehora emigwaqweni kanye namamayela angu-12 ngehora ezindaweni ezibucayi, futhi ubukhulu bungamathani ayi-63.

USA:

E-United States, ekuqaleni kweMpi Yezwe II, ithangi likaM4 Sherman lithatha indawo engavamile yokunikezela kweGrant / Lee tank ukuba imoto eyinhloko yempi yaseMelika. Ngaphezu kuka-45 000 kulezi zithangi zikaSherman ezinokwethenjelwa, eziqinile futhi ezizinzile eziphakemeyo zenziwa i-US Army, kanye neBrithani neSoviet Union. I-model yokuqala kaSherman yayilinganisa amathani angu-33, yayinejubane elingama-23 mph futhi yayinezikhwama ezingu-75-mm. Izinguquko ezishintshayo kule projekthi A-3 zanda isisindo sibe ngamathani angu-35 futhi ijubane lingu-29 mph, kanti isibalo saso isibhamu sibe ngu-76.2 mm. Amathangi uSherman awahambisani ne-tank yaseJalimane kuphela, kodwa wonke amathangi ezwe, ngoba asebenzisa uphethiloli esikhundleni se-diesel, okwenza ukuba imishini eqhuma kakhulu. Wonke amanye amathangi omhlaba ayekulokhu okungekho emlilweni. Nokho, naphezu kwalokhu, amathangi akwaSherman abe yimishini ephumelela kakhulu futhi enokwethenjelwa, ngenxa yokukhiqizwa kwabo. Ezinguquko ezihlukahlukene, amaShermans asetshenziswe e-US eMpini YaseKorea naseMpizweni Yase-Israel Yezempi ngo-1967 Impi Yosuku Lwezinsuku eziyisithupha. Bese "Super Sherman" ifakwe isibhamu esingu-105-mm.

I-United States yasondela ekwakhiweni kwamathangi amasha ngendlela ehlukile. Amathangi amakhulu e-US M-48 (1952) no-M-60 (1960) banikeze isisindo esincane nesisindo sokuthola uhlelo oluhle kakhulu lwezikhali ezingu-105-mm nokuthembeka. I-M60A yinguqulo yesi-3, eyalinganisa amathani angu-57 futhi yafinyelela ku-30 mph.

United Kingdom:

Ngo-1945, abaseBrithani bakhiqiza ithangi eliphawulekayo ngokusekelwe empini yabo. KwakuyiCenturion, okwakungaba yisisekelo samabutho aseBrithani ahlomile cishe cishe engxenyeni yekhulu leminyaka. Le tangi yaziwa ngokuthembeka kwayo futhi yazibonakalisa ekulwa empini yaseKorea. E-Centurion, kwafakwa isibhamu esingamapayipi angu-17, futhi kuzo zonke, ukuguqulwa okweshumi nantathu kwaleli tangi kwenziwa; Lesi samuva senziwa kwa-Israyeli. Kwaqashelwa njengetangi elihle kunazo zonke emhlabeni jikelele eliseNtshonalanga ngawo-1950 nangama-1960. I-final yokugcina yakwa-Israyeli yale moto ehlomile yayilinganisa amathani angu-54, yaphuma nge-canon engu-105-mm futhi yaqala ngamamayela angu-21 ngehora.

USSR:

I-design ye-Soviet IS-3 esindayo yakhiqiza "i-revolution" ngo-1945. Le phrojekthi, ekugcineni yaba yinkinga enzima ye-T-10, ngo-1950. Umklamo wayo wawuvumela isisindo samathani angu-51 ngamamayela angu-23 ngehora kanye nesimbatho esinamapinki angu-122-mm. Phakathi neMpi Yomshoshaphansi, umklamo wesitayela nesimo esiphansi we-tank IS-3 wawungeniswe yi-West German Leopard, i-French AMX 30 ne-British tank Chieftain. Amathangi amaningi omhlaba athatha njengesisekelo sokuklama kwangaphandle kwe-IS-3 tank. Ukuklanywa okufanayo kombhoshongo kubonakala kumabhandlela aphakathi kwamathangi aphakathi, kusukela ngo-1950 kuya ku-1970, isibonelo, T-54/55, T-62, T-64 no-T-80. Khona-ke isisindo sakhuphuka kusuka kumathani angu-42 kuya ku-46, isivinini sisuka ku-31 kuya ku-46 mph, kanye nokulinganisa kwezikhali ezivela ku-100 mm kuya ku-114-mm. Futhi kakade ku-Т-64 no-Т-80 isibhamu sika-125-mm safakwa.