"IGaleli": injini injector. Izinzuzo nokuziqhenya, izici zobuchwepheshe ze-injector

Ngokuvamile lapho ukhetha imoto enjengekhaya njenge "iGazethi", umbuzo uvela mayelana nokukhetha injini. Kule moto yafakwa ama-motor ahlukene. Ngokuyinhloko, amaGazelle afika nezinjini zeZavolzhsk, kodwa kwakukhona amayunithi e-Ulyanovsk. Bonke banezinhlobo ezahlukene zokudla. Kukhona kokubili injector ne-carburetor model. Ngakho-ke, ake sicabangele okungcono emotweni "Injini" ye injini - injector noma carburetor.

Ngokufushane mayelana ne-injini line

Njengoba isisekelo se "iGazethi" kwakuyi "Volga", i-unit power unit yayinguZMZ-402. Kwakuyi-8-valve injini eyenziwe ngengozi enekhono lamahhashi angu-100. Ukuzivocavoca kubonise ukuthi ngomthwalo ophezulu wezingxenye ezintathu nengxenye yokulandelana le injini ayengeyanele. Ekuqaleni kwezinga, okungukuthi ngo-2003, i-ZMZ-406 ifakwe kwisizukulwane sesibili seGazelles. Kwakuyi injini eyithuthukisiwe kakhulu, eyathuthukisa amandla amaningi ne-torque ngamanitha ama-2.4 amalitha. Manje iyunithi ine-16-valve ilungiselelo. Noma kunjalo, uhlobo lomjovo lapha aluguqukanga. Waqhubeka efana, carburetor. Abanye bagqoka i-"Gazelle" 406 injector. Ukwanda kwamandla, yebo, kuvezwa kakhulu. Futhi phawula okunjalo njengeZMZ-405. Le nguqulo ethuthukisiwe yenjini engu-406. Unomjovo wokujova esitshalweni. Faka i-Injector ZMZ-405 injini ye "Gazel" yayinengqondo kakhulu. Ngempela, amandla alesi sakhiwo yi-152 horsepower, okuyi-1.5 izikhathi ezingaphezu kwe-injini engu-402. Futhi ivolumu yokusebenza yama-cylinders yi-2.5 amalitha. Futhi, izinjini ezintsha ze-Ulyanovsk UMZ-4216 ezinomthamo wama-3 amalitha zifakwe kwi "Gazelle" entsha. Iyunithi inehlelo lokujova. Amandla amakhulu angama-123 amahhashi. Ngendlela, izinjini ezinjalo zitholakala ku-SUV "Patriot" kanye nezinye izinhlobo ze "Hunter".

Izici ze-carburetor

Lolu hlelo lwamandla lisetshenziselwa ukuxuba umoya nophethiloli, kanye nokuwunikeza nokulawula izinga lokugeleza. Okwamanje izinhlelo ezinjalo zezintambo azikhiqizwa ngokulandelana. Babekade bephakanyiswa isikhathi eside yi-injector. Isici esivelele esimisweni samandla esithwetshiwe yindlela yokuxuba i-fuel. Le nqubo yenzeke kudivayisi ehlukile. Ibizwa ngokuthi i-carburetor (ngakho-ke igama). Inamakamelo amabili anezansi. Lezi zinsuku zixhunywe ngenaliti futhi zihlangene namajethi. Ngokwezindinganiso zemvelo, ama-motors anjalo afana nesilinganiso se-Euro-2. Lesi esinye sezizathu zokuthi izinhlelo ezinjalo azifakiwe emotweni kusukela ngo-2009.

Izinzuzo ze-carburetor

I-plus yokuqala iyishibhile sensizakalo. Cishe zonke izithuthuthu zijwayele idivayisi yalesi simiso. Hlanganisa futhi uhlanganise i-carburetor engaphansi kwehora. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlelo ezinjalo zamandla zifanelekile ngophethiloli ka-76. Izidingo zekhwalithi yephethiloli abancane. Futhi uma i-carburetor ivala, nganoma isiphi isikhathi ungayichitha futhi uhlanze ama-jets. Ngokuqondene nezingxenye zokuphumula, zingatholakala ngisho nanamuhla, naphezu kokuthi ngokusemthethweni izinjini ezinjalo zomsakazo wangaphakathi azizange zikhiqizwe iminyaka engaba ngu-10. Intengo yezingxenye iyamukeleka kakhulu.

Izimo ze-carburetor

Manje mayelana namaminithi. Ziningi kakhulu kunama-pluses. Ngakho-ke, ukubuyisela kokuqala ukusimama okuphansi komsebenzi. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ekusebenzeni kwasebusika. Uma uqala, ngokuvamile "ukukhukhula" amakhandlela. Ukufaneka kufanele kulungiswe ngesandla (kukhona "ukunxanela" kwalokhu). Ngemuva kokufudumala i-carburettor iqala ukungena ngokungekho emotweni. Uhlelo ludinga ukulungiswa njalo. Enye ukungalungi yi-CO enkulu ukukhishwa. Ezinsukwini ezishisayo le nqubo iphinda izivelele. Futhi ukwehluleka okuphawulekayo kunamandla. Ngisho nasezinjini ezifanayo, kuyoba okungenani amaphesenti angu-20 ngaphansi. Ake sithathe, isibonelo, injini ye-406 kanye no-405 ye-Volga eyenziwe. Umehluko phakathi kwabo ungamahhashi angu-42.

Injector

Manje ake sikhulume ngesistimu yesimanje yesimanje. Kungani manje befaka injector kuGazelle? Kulesi simiso, umjovo we-fuel fuel usetshenziswa. Iyenziwa nge-injection (injectors). Umsebenzi oyinhloko wesistimu wahlala ofanayo. Le ndlela ibuye ilungiselele futhi ihlinzekele ingxube yomoya. Kodwa-ke, ngokungafani nezidakamizwa, inqubo yonke ivele lapha ngokuzenzakalelayo, ngosizo lwe-elekthronikhi. I-unit injector ekhethekile (i-microcontroller) ifunda ulwazi oluvela ezinjenjini bese idlulisela lolu lwazi kukhompyutha. Lezi zinsuku kakade zinikeza isignali kuma-injection. Qaphela ukuthi ulwazi lufundwa kusuka ezinhlokweni ezihlukahlukene:

• Khuthuka.
• Isikhundla se-Camshaft.
• I-Lambda probe.
• Idling.
• Amazinga okushisa okupholile.

Inqubo yokuqala injini yenziwa nge-half-turning. Ngemva kokufaka i -jectject "kwiGazethi", ngeke uhlangabezane nezinkinga ezinjengamakhandlela asezikhukhula, ukuphenduka okuphambanayo noma ukuncelisa umoya okudlulele. Manje zonke izinqubo zilawulwa yi-electronics.

Izinzuzo ze-injector

I-plus yokuqala iyasebenza futhi ishisa. I-injector isebenza ngemodi ezenzakalelayo. Awudingi ukuphatha "ukuncibilika" noma ukulungisa ama-jets. Awukho lapha. I-plus elandelayo iyasebenza kakhulu. Lesi sibalo singamaphesenti angaphansi kwezingu-20 kunezibonelo ze-carburetor engine. Futhi konke ngoba umthamo wenhlanganisela kwenzeka ngokuqondile. I-elekthronikhi ifunda amasignali kusuka ezinhlokweni eziningi (ivumela ngisho nokusebenza komshini wokumisa umoya). Okunye okunye okuhambisana nokuhambisana kwemvelo. Abakhiqizi baseYurophu baye batshintshela kuma-injection ye-injection eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-20 edlule. Futhi phawula ukuthi le injini kulula ukuzuza ngokuqhathaniswa ne-carburetor. Ngakho umehluko emandleni.

Ukungalungi

Cabanga ngecala eliphambene nalokho. Ngakho-ke, ukwephulwa kokuqala ukuxilongwa okunzima kwe-injector. Ungathola inkinga kuphela ngosizo lwemishini ekhethekile. Ukulungiswa kwe-injector kunzima kakhulu. Kumele sihambe enkonzweni ekhethekile. Futhi, uhlelo aluthandi uphethiloli omubi. Inombolo encane ye-octane ingu-92, uma kuqhathaniswa no-72 ye-carburetor.

Yikuphi okungcono?

Ngakho, yiliphi injini, injector noma carburetor, yeGazelle? Ukuhlaziya izinhlangothi ezinhle nezimbi zombili lezi zinombolo, sifike esiphethweni sokuthi isistimu yokuqala ibhekwa njengokwethenjelwa nakakhulu kwezobuchwepheshe. Nakuba ukuxilongwa kwe-injector - kuyinkimbinkimbi ngempela, kodwa kuyodinga imoto njalo eminyakeni emihlanu noma eyishumi. Nge-carburetor, izinkinga zenzeka kakade ngesonto lokuqala lokusebenza (ikakhulu uma ukushisa kokuxhumana kusetshenziswa).

Isiphetho

"I-Gazelle" imoto yokuhweba, umsebenzi oyinhloko okumele "ugxeke" izindleko zayo esikhathini esifushane kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, izimfanelo eziyinhloko zemoto enjalo zithembekile futhi zisebenziseka kakhulu. Ngalokhu, i-405th injector motor yenza umsebenzi omuhle kakhulu. Ngesikhathi echitha amaphesenti angu-20 engaphansi kukafutha, une-traction engavamile. Ngakho-ke, lapho ukhetha imoto, kunengqondo ukukhokhisa ngokweqile futhi uthenge ukhetho oluningi lobuchwepheshe, injector. Ngeke idinga ukuxilongwa njalo nokulungiswa, njengama-analogs we-carburetor.