Ilokhu ubuyekeza ngoxhaxha, "Aeroflot" besikhumbula nomlando wayo oneminyaka engu-90

Airline yahlulelwe izibonisi eziningana, ikakhulukazi indlela enkulu izimoto zawo. "Aeroflot" manje akusho uyohlala endaweni yokuqala kule simo international, kodwa amashumi eminyaka inani izindiza ngokuqinile ubambe phambili.

Inkampani "Dobrolet", owasungulwa ngo-1923, wahlanganyela umshayeli emoyeni-itekisi, ukusizakala ezindizeni "Fokker" enza German. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, abasha Soviet Republic zezindiza umkhakha likhula ngokushesha, naphezu kobunzima eziningi nokusweleka abasebenzi.

Ngo kweshumi nje leminyaka nesigamu, kusukela ngo-1932, iSoviet Air Force kwakuwumsebenzi wokuhumusha omkhulu kunayo emoyeni yenethiwekhi emhlabeni. Lokhu akusona isimanga, ngaphansi socialism kwakungekho mncintiswano, a monopolist emkhakheni air zokuthutha, njengoba kwezinye zokukhulekela kwezomnotho, Sasinjani isimo, okuyinto ephethwe ngoxhaxha izindiza. "Aeroflot" linikeza ezihlukahlukene okunjalo lobuchwepheshe, abanye ababengenamandla okukuthola iyiphi enye inkampani yezindiza.

Kusukela ngo-1932, ukuthuthwa abagibeli ngaphakathi eU.SSR wasebenzisa izindiza yasekhaya. Ngawo lowo nyaka yasungulwa igama elisha esemthethweni yendiza Soviet.

Ipaki izindiza "Aeroflot" kule minyaka eyishumi yangemva kwempi ikakhulukazi liner Li-2, okuyizinto ngaphansi ilayisense zaseMelika zaqala mass-kukhiqizwa kusukela ngo-1939.

Ngamunye isizukulwane zezindiza ubuchwepheshe eSoviet Union ukwakha ngaphezulu, ngezindinganiso zezwe, ukuphrinta siphela. "Workhorse" ukuthutha share abagibeli wengonyama kwemithambo yegazi naphakathi, futhi wakhonza njengephayona IL-14, bese esikhundleni AN-24. Phakathi emadolobheni amakhulu bamhlohla jet izindiza Tu-104, Tu-134 Tu-154, esikhundleni Ila-18. Konke lokhu izindiza zenziwa hhayi nje ngobe kutawutfutfukisa yezindiza Soviet. Civil GDR zezindiza ( "Interflug"), Poland ( "Ukunikeza"), Hungary ( "Malev"), Cuba ( "Aero Karibbian") kanye namanye amazwe amaningi, hhayi kuphela sezenhlalo, ke kwaba ifakwe ubuchwepheshe kahle kungase kutholakale, ekhiqizwa e-USSR futhi lilingana butho elikhulu. "Aeroflot" Nokho, kwaba, ikhasimende eyinhloko umkhakha wethu zezindiza.

Ngaphandle yasezulwini Bani ezibulala ngomsebenzi, isibhakabhaka emizileni ngamazwe bamhlohla Amaqhawe izindiza esiyingqayizivele. Sekuyisikhathi eside imilayezo Intercontinental kwaba we Tu-114 futhi IL-62, okudalwe ukuthuthwa amathimba uhulumeni. Tu-144 kwaba omunye amabili akhipha serially umgibeli izindiza leSupersonic. Freight enikeziwe abathutha superheavy, wadala ngezinjongo ezempi, kodwa kufanelekile esimweni ukuthula (AN-22 AN-124, AN-225, IL-76, VM-T). On ezinhlangothini fuselage nge isithunzi esivaliwe Zithwala zonke isibonakaliso esifanayo ezinamaphiko "isando isikela" futhi eliqoshwe umbhalo othi "Aeroflot". imikhumbi Kwakunjengokungathi eliyingqayizivele njengoba umshini ngokwayo, izingxenye zalo.

Namuhla, inkampani "Russian Airlines" uzobuyisa igama layo esifushanisiwe, okuxhaphaza izindlela ezihlukahlukene, ezinye zazo uthenge phesheya, kuhlanganise "Boeing" futhi "Airbus". Nokho, iwuhlelo yemikhumbi yasekhaya ubhekwa IL-96. "Aeroflot", ukubuyekezwa abagibeli uyakwazisa njengoba eliphezulu wake esikhathini esidlule Soviet namuhla, bangaziqhayisa kulo mshini. Shono waba ibhodi kamongameli.