Imisebenzi kaTurgenev - umsebenzi walomculi

Umsebenzi walo mculi uhlukaniswa nobunye obugcwele nencazelo ejulile engaphakathi ekhonjiswe ezingxenyeni zomuntu ngamunye. Isizathu salolu buqotho yizindlela ezibonakalayo ezihlukanisa imisebenzi kaTurgenev - ukuvezwa kwemvelo yombhali nokuphakamisa umcabango wobuciko.

Ukuqala Kwendlela Yomlobi

I- I.S. UTurgenev kusukela ekuqaleni kwencwadi yomlobi kwakuyisifiso sokuqonda nokuqonda izwe elizungezile kuzo zonke izinhlobo zalo. Encwadini yakhe yokuqala yenkondlo "Steno" wazama ukukhombisa zonke izici zokuphila kwabantu. Lokhu "ukuvumelanisa konke" kubonisa imisebenzi kaTurgenev. Indawo yomuntu emphakathini, njengomuntu nomuntu siqu, ukuba khona kwayo yonke imibonakaliso - lokhu kuyi-universal key of the writer. Nguye oye wazimisela okuqukethwe kwakhe kokucabanga nokufilosofi kukho konke ukudala nakho konke okuthakazelisayo. Ekuqaleni kwendlela yokudala, wazama "ukuzitholela ngendlela yakhe" isimo sakhe sengqondo, ukuba "ahlangane" nezwe lakhe lobuciko, umlobi wakhe. Imisebenzi kaTurgenev ibonisa ukuthi ububanzi bezinhlobo zomdali - yena nomdlali wezemidlalo, umbongi, umbhali nomlobi we-prose - ngakho kufaka ukufuna kuka-Ivan Sergeevich ifomu lakhe elihle lobuciko, elizohambisana nomsebenzi wonke owazibeka wona.

Kusukela kumazwi kuya ku-prose

Isifiso sikaTurgenev sokwenza yonke indawo luyisibopho esibomvu kuwo wonke umsebenzi wakhe wokuqala, oqukethe imisebenzi eminingi. Kodwa-ke, akuyona into ephawulekayo, noma i-lyrical, noma i- epic genre enelisekile umlobi, ngakho wanquma ukuzibona njengomculi ezinhlotsheni ezifanele kakhulu zobuntu bakhe - inoveli nendatshana. Noma kunjalo, isipiliyoni somdlali wezemidlalo, umbongi kanye nomlobi wemidwebo kanye nezindaba zaba yisisekelo sokwethenjelwa kwemibhalo ye-prose yomlobi. Uma, ngenkathi ufunda uhlelo lwezinhlobo zobuciko be-Turgenev, ukunakwa okukhethekile kunikezwa ngokucacile kohlobo lweveliveli nendaba, kungase kuqaphele ukuthi basondelene ngokuxhumana. Umsebenzi kaTurgenev, uhlu oluzoboniswa ngezansi, lubonisa ukuthi umlobi wayebhekwa njengomlobi njengezinhlobo zezincwadi, ezinamandla amakhulu okubonisa "izakhi zokuphila komphakathi," inqubo yentuthuko nokubunjwa kobuntu bomuntu , ngokufingqiwe, i-prose yomlobi yavula amathuba okuqukethwe okumangalisayo .

Ingxoxo ngeveli

Ukuhlaziywa komsebenzi kaTurgenev, noma ubani oneminyaka engama-1840, ubonisa isifiso sakhe sokuveza ukukhuluma "ngenkulumo-mpilo" ngohlobo lwendabuko, isithombe esivela ngaso sonke isikhathi ekuqaliseni kwakhe ukudala. Ngisho nasezincwadini zendatshana ("Andrew", "Parasha"), umuntu usengabona kakade umqondo wezindaba zakuqala zeTurgenev, kamuva ezobe zixhunyaniswe ngeveli. Imisebenzi kaTurgenev (uhlu olubukeka luhlaba umxhwele kakhulu) - "Inn", "Mumu", "Ukuxhumana", "Bretter", "Calm", "Abangane ababili", "Diary of man superfluous" - zakhiwe ekuqapheliseni kobuciko bomdali njengenkhulumomphendvulwano Iveli.

Inkaba "iphila" inoveli, futhi inoveli - indaba

Kusukela ngawo-1850, ezingeni lezingxoxiswano phakathi kwemibono yombhalo nendaba, imiklamo yemisebenzi yobuciko kanye nokuqaliswa kwazo okulandelayo, uTurgenev ekugcineni wakwazi ukuveza isimo sakhe sokuqala "ngokuvumelana konke", ukuqondisisa kokuphila komuntu nokuphila. Imisebenzi kaTurgenev, Asya, Ebusuku, Obaba nobaba, ukuqoqwa kwamanothi kaHunter, noRudin futhi bakhombisa ukuthi umbhali wayekwazi ngokugcwele ukuzibonela ngokwayo ezinhlotsheni zamanoveli namanoveli, I-paradigm yohlobo, ngenkathi isalokhu kukhulumisana. Inkulumo kaTurgenev "iphila" inveli, futhi inoveli yakhe yindaba, ekhombisa ukucatshangelwa kwemicabango yomdwebi womlobi, zimelela zonke izihloko eziyinhloko zeTurgenev nezindikimba, zihluke emvelweni wazo omkhulu.

Isimo sengqondo esinengqondo

Ukuzizwa komzwelo kanye nemibono yomhlaba kuhlangene nazo zonke izinhlobo zomsebenzi kaTurgenev, zikhona ezindabeni, ngamazwi asendulo, amanoveli, amanoveli wezinkondlo ngisho nasemidlalweni. Imisebenzi kaTurgenev iboniswa ngokucacile ukuthi i-palette yomsebenzi wayo ikhulu kakhulu - i-elegiac emhlabeni wezobuciko unomlando obabazayo, omangalisayo emanvelweni, onomlando ezincwadini zombongo. Lokhu kusiza ukuveza amagama omculi ebuhleni nasekufanelekeni komuntu wesintu. Kubonakala sengathi umfundi, othanda isitayela se-elegiac yomsebenzi kaTurgenev, akaqondi ukuthi "ubuso obunzima" bomlobi ". Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi isiqalo se-Elegiac, naphezu kosizi lokuphila kwabantu kanye nokungahambisani nokuphila kwemvelo, kubonisa indlela ezoholela ekuvumelaneni ebuhlotsheni bomuntu, imvelo, abantu, indawo nomlando.