Indlela yokuxhuma izintambo ngendlela efanele. Indlela yokuxhuma izintambo ebhokisini lokuhlangana

Impilo yanamuhla ayikwazi ukucabanga ngaphandle kwemishini kagesi: isethi se-TV, ikhompiyutha, inqubo yokudla, umshini wokuwasha, insimbi, isitoreji se-ironing, i-heater, i-fireplace, i-grinder yekhofi, i-kettle, isiqandisisi, njll. Yebo, umuntu akanakucabangela ukuphila kwethu ngaphandle kwezibane zikagesi Sisize siphile ngokunethezeka kusihlwa, ekuseni nasebusuku.

Ukungena endlini ebumnyameni, isandla sethu sifinyelela kuqala ekushintsheni. Thina sicabanga ukuthi abantu babehlala kanjani bengenawo ugesi. Kodwa ukuze sisebenzise ugesi ezindaweni zethu, izindlu, amagaraji, amahhovisi, kubalulekile ukunikeza leli gesi.

Ukufakwa kagesi

Ugesi unikezwa abathengi ngocingo. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuxhuma izintambo ngale njongo endlini. I-wiring kagesi ezindaweni zokuhlala kanye nezindlu zenziwa ngesisekelo sendawo nokuthi kuzofakwa kuphi endlini, lapho kunesidingo khona kuzoba izibani, izibani, izibani zomhlabathi kanye nazo zonke izinhlobo zemishini kagesi.

Ukuze ufake izitshalo kanye noshintsho, ngakho impilo ayikho inkathazo, ukufakwa kagesi kumele kwenziwe ngendlela efanele. Umonakalo ovame kakhulu ekuhambeni kwamanje ngokusebenzisa izintambo ngokuvamile ukuphumula esifundeni. Le nkathazo ibonakala, njengombuso, ezindaweni zokuxhuma kwezintambo (ekutheni, ama-terminals, ama-clamps). Njengoba kuphazamiseka okunjalo, imiphumela ingaba yinto ebabazayo. Cabanga ukuthi ungaxhuma kanjani izintambo ngendlela efanele. Kunezici ezithile ezikhethekile lapha. Ukwehluleka ukulandela imithetho ethile kungabangela ukungasebenzi kahle ohlelweni lokunikezwa kwamandla ngisho nasemlilweni.

Indlela yokuxhuma izintambo zethusi

Izingcingo ze-Copper zivumela uxhumano nganoma iyiphi indlela - ukuguqula, ukuguqula, ukugoba, ukuvimba okugcina, njll Ukushintsha kusuka e-aluminium kuya ekuthunjweni kwezothusi kuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokuxhumana. Kusukela ngo-2001, i-risers inqunyelwe ukuba yenziwa kuphela ngezingcingo zethusi futhi idluliselwe kubaqhubi abanayo yonke indawo. Izintambo ze-aluminium zivunyelwe ukuthi zisetshenziswe ngabathengi abanomthamo owaziwayo, ohlala njalo, oqinisekisiwe. Kuzisekelo ezinikezela umsebenzi wezinto ezisendlini, lapho umthwalo uguquka njalo, izintambo zethusi kuphela nezintambo zisetshenziswa. Ukwakhiwa kwama-wirings angaphandle (izintambo ezingaphansi komhlaba, imigqa yomoya, njll), ngokwemigomo ekhona, i-aluminium isetshenziswa. Namuhla, amakhaya amaningi anezimbambo ze-aluminium, futhi akekho ozoyibuyisela ithusi. Kodwa ngenkathi kulungiswa, isibonelo, izinguquko endaweni yezisekelo zikhona ezindlini. Lapha kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ukuthintana kwalezi zinto ezimbili akuvumelekile.

Ukwahlukanisa ukuhlukanisa

Amagodlo asetshenziselwa igatsha kusuka kuyo yonke inethiwekhi. Ama-electricians abizwa ngothando ngokuthi "amantongomane" ngenxa yokufana kwegobolondo le-walnut.

Zihlelwe ngale ndlela elandelayo: ziyizicucu ezimbili zensimbi, lapho kukhona khona ama-grooves ngaphansi kwabaqhubi futhi ziboshiwe ngezikhwama ezine, futhi phakathi kwazo kukhona ipuleti eliphambene elihlukanisa izinsimbi zethusi ne-aluminium. Izindlela ezinjalo zingasetshenziswa kokubili emsebenzini wasekhaya nasemgwaqweni. Ngokuyisisekelo esetshenziselwa ukungena ezindlini ezivela ephaketheni le-aluminium.

Xhuma izintambo ezimbili - kanjani?

Into elula ukuphikisa izintambo, zihleliwe nge-soldering, kodwa lokhu kuyinde. Kulula ukusebenzisa umdwebo wokugcina, lapho i-twist ifakwa futhi iqiniswe ngesikrini esisodwa noma ezimbili. Kulesi simo, kubalulekile ukucindezela ipuleti flat ukuvimbela ukusika izinhlamvu. Uma kungekho ipuleti enjalo, kubalulekile ukuba noma ukubeka iphuzu elincane elinesibindi ekuphambeni - lokhu kuvimbela izintambo ukuba zingaphuli ekugcineni. I-soldering iqhutshwa ngokuyinhloko emithanjeni enamathele amaningi, futhi lokhu kuholela emathonyeni amakhompiyutha, i-wire dislocation kanye ne-breakage ekupheleni kwesigaba esincintisiwe.

Sishiya ekuhlanekeni okulula

Noma ubani ofuna ukwenza okuthile ngokwabo nge-wiring kagesi: hlela umgudu, faka isokhethi, ushintshe, uzibuze ukuthi ungaxhuma kanjani izintambo? Ngaphambilini, izintambo ezimbili ezisontekile (futhi ngaphezulu) futhi zihlukanisiwe, kodwa ngokuvamile ziphephile futhi zilukhuni.

Isimo sishintsha njalo ngonyaka ukuze sibe ngcono. Uma uxhuma ama-cores angama-single aqinile, amisiwe ngama-caps, ama-soldering, ama-terminal terminals, ama-welding, ama-terminals angama-terminal. Ukwakhiwa kwamandla, amalunga ayekade ekhonjiswe nge-caps eplastiki. Manje zisetshenziswa kabanzi futhi ziyatholakala kubo bonke. Ngaphakathi kwe-caps kukhona i-gel ekhethekile evimbela uketshezi, noma intwasahlobo ekhonjiwe, ihlaselwe ekuxhumaneni okupholile, kokubili ngentambo. Ama-caps asempumalanga asetshenziselwa inombolo ethile yezingcingo: ezimbili ngamamitha ayi-4 square. Mm noma amane we-1.5 square metres. Mm futhi hhayi ngaphezulu.

Manje sekusetshenziselwa isifunda esisha esinezintambo ezintathu, futhi silondekile kakhulu kunomunye wocingo olulodwa. Isifunda esisha esihlanganisiwe yilapho okwamanje kungenawo umqhubi wokuzivikela kwimodi yokusebenza, futhi ngenxa yalokho ukuxhunywa okwenziwe akutholakeli noma yimiphi imithwalo.

Namuhla, i-PVS ("P" - wire, "B" - i-P "-" i-PVC-plastiki (i-vinyl), i-"C" -kuxhuma) ikhethwa ukwenza imisebenzi kagesi, eyenziwe ngokuhambisana ne-GOST 7399-97. Kuhloswe ukuxhuma kwamadivaysi kagesi, imishini yendlu kanye nenhloso efanayo kumanethiwekhi kagesi amashaneli athile okuphakanyiswayo kuze kube ngu-380 V kanye nezinhlelo 380/660 V).

Ukuhlukaniswa kwezixhumanisi

Ungaxhuma kanjani izintambo ezimbili, uqinisekise ukuqina? Ngalesi sizathu, kukhona i-tape yokunamathisa. Ngokusho kwe-PUE, ukufakwa kwe-tape kufanele kwenziwe ngezingxenye ezintathu zazo, kokubili ukotini kanye ne-vinyl.

I-tape yesikotini ingaphezulu kokushisa. Iphikisana no-70-80 degrees, i-vinyl ayinzinzile futhi igeleza ngo-50-60. Kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, impahla yekotini ilahlekelwa yizindawo zayo ezikhungethe amanzi futhi iqala ukuthola amanzi. Kulokhu, ukuqina okukhulu nokushisa ukushisa, ingqimba yangaphakathi yokugxilwa yenziwe ngendwangu, futhi ingaphandle yenziwe nge-vinyl.

Ukuxhumeka ngama-terminal terminals

Indlela yokuxhuma izinsimbi zethusi ku-aluminium? Ukusetshenziswa ekhaya, okuhle kakhulu kwezintambo zomsakazo. Intambo ehlutshiwe ifakwe emgodini futhi lapho ihlelwe yintwasahlobo. Amadivaysi anjalo aqondene nezintambo ezilula futhi ezinzima. Kule divayisi, xhuma izinsimbi zethusi ne-aluminium ngoba nje azixhumani, futhi lokhu kuqeda ukushisa komzimba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngaphakathi kwejel kudla ifilimu ye-oxide ku-aluminium. Ungakwazi ukuxhuma izintambo zamaritha ahlukene kanye nenani kuphela lapho ama-terminals abalwa khona. Uma uxhuma izingcingo ezingaphezu kwezingu-2 (mhlawumbe ngezigaba ezihlukene zesiphambano), hhayi kuphela ama-terminal terminals, kodwa futhi nezivimbela zokugcina ezivamile , kufanelekile .

Ukuxhumeka ngamabhuloki okugcina

Amandla kagesi ajwayelekile asebenzisa ama-block blocks. Zinezihlalo eziningi ezingenalutho nezikuluzi (ngokuvamile zibili ezimbili). Ngaphansi kwesinye esidlekeni kuholela ucingo, futhi omunye ucindezela ikhamera, ehlanganisa zonke izidleke zesihlangu. Inombolo edingekayo yamaseli inqunywa ngommese noma i-hacksaw.

Amapayipi akhululekile kakhulu okukodwa. Izintambo ezimbili ezifakwe emgodini zihleliwe nge-screw. Kunezivimbela eziphelayo, eziphethe isikhunta ziqinisa izintambo ezimbili kuphela, zibekwe ngokufana.

Enye indlela elula kakhulu ihlanganisa ukulungisa izintambo hhayi nge-screw, kodwa nge-lever ekhethekile. Amabhuloki esibulalayo akwenziwa ngendlela yokuthi ayidingi ukufakwa okungeziwe. Thinta izingxenye ezithwala zamanje ezingenakukwazi. Izinga lokuvikela liphakeme futhi lilingana ne-IP20. Omunye umngcele wokuvikela yizindlu zeplastiki zebhokisi lokuhlangana.

Ukuxhumeka kwezintambo ngamabhuloki okugcina

Ukuxhuma abaqhubi abaningana (abaningi ngokuthanda kwakho) kulula ukusebenza nebhodi lokugcina. Lena ipuleti yethusi enezimbobo kanye nezigqoko zokubheja. Imiklamo enjalo ingafakwa ezinkampini zokushintsha izinhlamvu eziningana. Ngalesi siklamo kulula kakhulu ukuxhuma izintambo ebhokisini lokuhlangana. Ikakhulukazi lo mklamo omuhle wabaqhubi abaqinile. Kodwa ama-block blocks kufanele agxilwe ngokuqinile ebhokisini lokuhlangana, ukuze angathinti.

Indlela yokuxhuma izintambo ekufakweni okuxubile, lapho zifihliwe ezindongeni ezisemagcekeni nasemuva kwezinhlaka ze-plasterboard ngezibani ezakhelwe ngaphakathi? Intambo eguquguqukayo isetshenziselwa imithombo yokukhanya. Kulokhu, ikhwalithi yokuxhuma kwezintambo eziguquguqukayo kufanele ilashwe ngokucophelela.

Izinhlobonhlobo zamabhokisi ezihlanganiso

I-Raspayka, ukuxhumeka kuxhumano lwezingcingo ukuze kusakaze ama-currents of currents. Ukuqhutshwa kwezintambo ngokuqhutshwa kwawo okuqhubekayo, ukwelusa noma ngaphandle kwe-wiring. Ukuxhuma izintambo noma izintambo kuma terminals noma izixhumanisi ukuxhuma.

Ngendlela yokufaka, amabhokisi okusabalalisa ahlukaniswe yizinhlobo ezilandelayo: ukufakwa okufihliwe nokuvulekile. Ngakho-ke, amanye asetshenziselwa ukufihlwa, futhi okwesibili - ukuvula i-wiring evulekile kagesi. Ungasebenzisa amabhokisi e-wiring evulekile yokudonga lapho wenza i-wiring efihliwe. Kodwa ibhokisi le- wiring elifihliwe alikwazi ukusetshenziselwa i- wiring yangaphandle .

Amabhoksi ensimbi kufanele aqinisekiswe. Lawa mabhokisi asetshenziswa kuphela uma ebeka izintambo zikagesi emipayipi yensimbi, isibonelo, ezindlini zokhuni.

I-Wiring ebhokisini

Ukuze kube lula kokuqapha ukuxhuma, zenziwa emabhokisini okuhlangana. Noma yiliphi inkosi ekwazi ukuxhuma izintambo ebhokisini. Ngokujwayelekile, amabhlogo wokugcina atholakala ngaphakathi kwebhokisi lokugcina. Amamodeli amabhokisi atholakala ngenombolo ehlukene yezimbobo zokufaka nokuphuma. Ngokuhambisana nenamba yezingcingo kanye nesigaba sabo esiphambene, ubukhulu bebhokisi lukhethiwe. Ngaphezulu kombhalo, kunezincomo zokukhetha indlela yokuxhuma izintambo. Zonke zilingana namalungelo, zinezinkinga zabo nezihlonipho.

Isibonelo, indlela efana ne-soldering ithatha isikhathi esiningi sokuxhuma ngisho nezintambo ezimbili. Ukuxhumeka okusheshayo kunika iziphephelo zentwasahlobo. Zilungele wonke umuntu: zihlangene, zithembekile, kodwa zihloswe kuphela emithanjeni yocingo olulodwa (kukhona namamodeli we-multiwire, kodwa zisebenzela ukuxhuma ucingo olulodwa oluqinile netambo eguquguqukayo) kanye nenombolo ecacisiwe (ungenzi elinye igatsha lapho zonke izihlalo zihlala ).

Izintambo ebhokisini zixhunyiwe ngokusho kwenhloso yazo: isigaba, esivamile kanye nomhlabathi. Ukuze ukufakwa kusetshenziswe ikhebula lezintambo ezintathu noma ezimbili, lapho izintambo ziphawulwe ngombala ohlukile wokuxhuma. Njengomthetho, ukubophezelwa kwesabelo se-wire kumbala wabo kubonakala: isigaba sibomhlophe, jikelele kuwuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (okwesibhakabhaka), umhlabathi uluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Kunoma yikuphi, kanjani ukuxhuma izintambo ezimbili (ngombala), inkosi inquma ngesimo esithile. Into eyinhloko ukuthi uwazi kahle ngale ndaba.

Indlela yokuxhuma izintambo ze-aluminium

Kuyadingeka ukwazi ukuthi i-aluminium ayinamandla kuphela futhi ingahle iphule ngemuva kwezingodo eziningana, kodwa futhi iyancipha kusukela ekushiseni okuncane koxhumana nabo lapho igeleza manje, iphuma ngaphansi kwesibhamu. Kule nkinga, ukugoqa kubuthakathaka kakhulu, futhi izinga lokushisa likhuphuka nakakhulu.

Isimiso esihle se-installer: namuhla baqoqa, kusasa bakhuphuka, futhi ngesonto - futhi. Esikhathini esizayo, enye isheke nommangali uhlelwe njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha. Lena impendulo yombuzo wokuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani izintambo ze-aluminium. Kodwa kuyinto efiselekayo ukuqapha ukuxhumeka kwezingxube kanye nezintambo zethusi okungenani njalo eminyakeni emibili. Xhuma izintambo ebhokisini lokuhlangana ukuze zitholakale ukulungiswa noma ukuhlolwa. Le mithetho ikhona ekugwemeni abantu ukuba bangabi ne-electrocuted, ukukhipha ukuthi kungenzeka umlilo. Ukuhlukunyezwa kwabo kwandisa amathuba ezingozi, okungaholela ekufeni.

Inkinga ye-headphone

Indlela yokuxhuma izintambo zekhanda uma ziqothulwe? Indlela yokuxazulula kahle le nkinga, ngakho ukuthi ihlanzekile futhi ikhwalithi ayitholakali? Lapha i-wiring isincane kakhulu. Zibangele nje ngomunye nomunye - ikhwalithi yokuzwakala ezwakalayo izophazanyiswa. I-Solder? Kodwa ngenxa yalokhu udinga ukuqeda i-lacquer, eyayihlanganisa i-wiring. Kudingekile ukukususa, kodwa i-wiring incane kakhulu futhi akulula ukuyihlanza ngommese - bayabhidliza.

Ngakho, iyiphi indlela yokuxhumeka kwentambo oyikhethayo? "Izinzuzo" nethi "cons" zindlela ngayinye. Umnikazi ngamunye uyakwazi ukuxhuma kahle izintambo, futhi wenza kanjalo, njengoba kulula, ejwayelekile futhi elula. Izinkinga ngeke zibe uma umsebenzi usuphelile ngendlela ephakeme futhi eqotho. Akuyona into yokuthi ukuphepha kweseyili kagesi endlini kuthathwa ngokuthi kuncike esinqumweni sendlela yokuxhuma izintambo ngendlela efanele. Ngakho-ke, ukucabangela kuzo zonke izinketho bese uphinda futhi kuyoba okungafani.

Ngakho, kanjani ukuxhuma izintambo? Sithatha iphepha le-emery lama-four hundred, sidonsa i-rosin kuso, sigqoka ucingo olulodwa lwe-rosin kanye ne-soldering iron nge-solder siqala ukususa ngokucophelela i-varnish kusuka ku-wiring. Isikhathi ezimbili noma kathathu esichitha, sizobona ukuthi usususiwe futhi okuthunyelwe kwasoliswa. Khona-ke senza konke okufanayo namanye okuthunyelwe. Yonke imikhawulo ye-wiring ilungisiwe, ingahle idayiswe, ixhumeke komunye nomunye ngombala.