Ingabe kukhona ukuphila on Mars? Cha, kodwa kwaba

"Kukhona ukuphila Mars noma cha - Basebaningi abangamazi isayensi," - lokhu aphorism ziphoqa livela ifilimu ezimnandi zakudala Soviet Kubonakala asihlobene. Ucwaningo lwamuva ka Iplanethi Ebomvu elicwengwé isimo. Ososayensi ongathi akukho ukuphila manje, ngaphandle-ke, kuqondwe leli gama khona amaprotheni eziphilayo. Kodwa yilokho okwenzekile esikhathini esidlule? Ground sokuzivivinya ekhiqizwa rovers luye lwabonisa ukuthi uma kule planethi unazo zonke izimo ukuba abe "wahlala-e". Kodwa kungani umakhelwane wethu esimisweni sonozungezilanga aphume inhlanhla njengoba Ngomhlaba? Futhi kulesi sici ososayensi babe impendulo ozwakalayo.

Selokhu isintu owasungula le isibonakude, kule planethi ongaqondakali ayilokothi iyeke uhlupho umcabango womuntu. R. Bradbury, A. UTolstoy nabanye abalobi ukuthi waqamba imisebenzi mayelana "Martians". Emifuleni, ezilwandle nakuzo izilwandle, kubonakala ku indlela ezindaweni Iplanethi Ebomvu sika, kubonakala, bathi ingcaca ukuthi kule impilo kukhona amanzi nje kufanele kube. Kwathatha iminyaka engu-amabili ngemva kokuba ethumele satellite kuqala kwi-space, NASA baqalisa isimiso uhulumeni, umsebenzi okwakukhona ohambweni-Mars ukuthola ukuphila khona.

Ngo-1976, phezu kobuso iplanethi yaqanjwa god of war, lawela ezimbili NASA imoto. "AmaViking" adluliselwa Umhlaba izithombe eziningi we ezingaphili ezingwadule ensundu-bomvu, kanye imiphumela cwaningo ebangelwa umkhathi, enhlabathini nasemifantwini yamadwala ezijulile. Ngakho, kwaba sobala ukuthi kungani Mars esabonwa kithi njengoba anombala ocwazimulayo disc abomvu. Umhlabathi evelele emhlabeni kakhulu okusansimbi oxide. Lokhu "nokugqwala" itholakala Emhlabeni. Kwenzani lokhu ukwenze ngokuvula umbuzo ukuthi kukhona ukuphila Mars? Kakhulu oqondile: ezifana nenhlabathi akhiwa khona amanzi kanye nowe-oxygen khulula ezindaweni efudumele.

Kodwa ahlukahlukene okuhlaziya amakhemikhali wesibhakabhaka planethi ukudanisa abantu. umoya-mpilo Mahhala ivuliwe kancane kakhulu. Uma impendulo yombuzo ukuthi kukhona ukuphila on Mars, okusekelwe izinkomba emoyeni, impendulo kuyinto categorical "akekho." Kodwa nenhlabathi? Ngokusobala, uma umoya-mpilo elikhona amanani efanayo emhlabeni. Ukuze ukukhiqizwa kwayo kudingeka ukuze batshale ukuphila. Futhi, cishe, kungenxa Iplanethi Ebomvu yake luningi. Lokhu kufakazelwa i-methane, futhi ekhona Mars emkhathini.

amasampula e-eliseNyakatho neliseNingizimu planethi wenza inhliziyo abacwaningi ziyathuthumela. I yiqhwa ososayensi baye bathola inani ice amanzi classical. Ikhumbula imibhede enkulu yamanzi, kanye lokuthi Iplanethi Ebomvu uyashiywa ilanga ngaphezulu kunomhlaba, kanjalo isimo sezulu esibandayo kakhulu, kungashiwo ukuthi izimo ukuvela Bionics babe. Lokhu akuyona neze impendulo yombuzo ophathelene nokuthi kukhona ukuphila ku-Mars. Nokho, lolu lwazi inikeza abanye ithemba. kwenzeka ngo-1984, lapho futhi wenza uquqaba anentshisekelo ukuthi kukhona ukuphila ku-Mars. Iqiniso liwukuthi e-Antarctica yathola meteorite 2-ganda esasiwe emhlabeni. Ngo-1996 yena ziphenywe futhi wathola ... luhlala amagciwane bethukile lasekuqaleni. Umnyaka alawa magciwane - sekuyiminyaka eyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu ezintathu. Naphezu lokho kugxeka yososayensi abaningi, lokhu okutholakele izipesheli Ngethemba ukuthi ukuphila umakhelwane wethu omkhulu, iplanethi wayesekhona. Kodwa washona ngo ngokuhlasela asteroyidi giant.