Isakhiwo iziphathimandla zaseRussia. Isakhiwo iziphathimandla federal

Isimo kuyinto ngohlaka eziyinkimbinkimbi lwetemtsetfo netembusave luhlanganisa inani elikhulu labantu. Ekuqaleni, imibuso yezwe zazingekho nhlobo. ababengaphambi abo ayengamakhulu tribal gwamanda ukuthi zazisekelwe nsuku wezinzalamizi. Njengoba ukwanda kwabo, ukwakheka lolu hlobo Akasekho ngokwanele kokubhekana nenqubo wesi nomphakathi. Okungukuthi, kwakudingekile ukuba kokusungulwa entsha, ukusebenza ngaphezulu imvelo inhlangano. Kwaba njalo isimo.

Kuze kube manje, izakhiwo ezifanayo emhlabeni inombolo enkulu. Bonke umsebenzi ehlukile Nokho, izici ezivamile. Ngokwesibonelo, isimo ngasinye ilawulwa neziphathimandla. Lesi simo esiyingqayizivele sibangelwa futhi has izici zayo siqu kanye nesakhiwo. Esikhathini Russian Federation, namuhla isakhiwo amandla inezigaba eziningana oxhumene, ngalinye elikwazi uzalela ulwazi mayelana nesimo. Ngakho, lokhu ngombono ibaluleke kakhulu umsebenzi Russian Federation siyisimo, yingakho kudingeka ukutadishwa lomkhuba nezinhlelo zawo.

Amandla: umqondo

Isakhiwo uhulumeni we Russian Federation umqondo yasekuqaleni futhi mkhuba amafomu classical zokubusa. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile, okokuqala kunakho konke, ukuhlaziya izici zayo. Ngokusho Amathrendi lwesayensi yanamuhla, uhulumeni - inhlanganisela amasu kanye amathuba yangempela ukuphoqelela intando ukulawula imisebenzi ngabanye, amaqembu omphakathi, imiphakathi, njll Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungenzeka lesi simanga esekelwe ehluke ngokuphelele ngesisekelo theory kanye nama-practical, bese usebenzisa indlela yokunquma .. uhlamvu, isibonelo, kobushiqela, ebusa ngentando yeningi, enobudlova, yokungathembeki, kuvuse inkanuko, nokunye. d. ifomu eqondile izinhlobo zakudala kwamandla kuyinto igunya lomphakathi.

Amandla bemvelo yomphakathi

ukuphathwa komphakathi kusho engenzeka ngempela i elite ezinethonya elite zezombusazwe ukulawula labantu ezweni, ngokusebenzisa iziyisikhombisa zomthetho. Amandla Amandla njalo lisekelwe ngokuyinhloko ngakwesokudla, okungukuthi, umtsetfo lokhona, futhi angikwazi ukuphuma angaphezu noma kuphambana ke. Ngaphezu kwalokho, manje uhulumeni likwazi isakhiwo esicacile, ukuba khona okuyinto ngenxa kabusha incazelo yalo mkhakha esikhathini ngezikhathi zanamuhla futhi ukusungulwa izimiso ezithile lapho ezifundeni kakhulu yakhiwe yonke indawo elawula uhlelo. Russian Federation kulokhu iyathinteka. Isakhiwo uhulumeni futhi wonke isimiso sezombangazwe yaleli zwe isebenze ngesisekelo amalungiselelo athile.

Izimiso uhulumeni waseRussia

Namuhla, kukhona izimiso ezimbalwa eziyisisekelo ukuphathwa uhlelo obusayo isimo. Lezi zihlanganisa lokhu okulandelayo:

• Democracy. Linomqondo khona emthonjeni owodwa kobukhosi isimo, okuyinto sabantu. It yena, kuthinta izwe ngokusebenzisa imizimba ekhethekile.
• Federalism kusho isakhiwo sikahulumeni zensimu.
• ukwehluka Political - iyona admissibility bokuba khona inani elikhulu amaqembu nokunyakaza.

Russia iyisimo wokuziphilisa, okuyinto akufaki ukuba khona esemthethweni.

Umgomo we ukwahlukaniswa kwamandla

Isakhiwo amandla RF usebenza lomgomo yokuphathwa isimo. Akubona bonke baqonde ukuthi umbono usho njalo. It kwadalwa Charles Lui De Lakho noJohane Locke.

Ngokusho lokho ezikushoyo, isakhiwo umbuso kunoma iliphi izwe kufanele kufake zomthetho, mphathi izingxenye zokwahlulela. Ngo ukuphatha leli zwe kungase kungabi ezandleni iqembu elibusayo noma umuntu oyedwa (nkosi umholi engumashiqela m. P.). Lesi simiso siye sasetshenziswa cishe kuwo wonke amazwe. Nokho, Yiqiniso, kwamanye amazwe Ushintshe isimiso se-amadivaysi ezintathu-level, umbono iyonke ihlala zinjalo. Kuze kube manje, kancane ishiywa izibonelo yomuntu oyedwa umthetho.

Isakhiwo iziphathimandla yase Russia

Namuhla e-Russia athuthukile ngokwanele tekusebentisa, okubaluleke kakhulu, ephumelela uhlelo yokuphathwa komphakathi. umsebenzi sayo sisekelwe, okokuqala, ezimisweni oshiwo ngaphambili, futhi, okwesibili, orientation yeningi inqubomgomo Russian. Ngaphezu kwalokho, Russian federal isakhiwo sikahulumeni futhi uMnyango ube usufaka izinhlinzeko zoMthetho nesimiso sokuhlukanisa ekuphathweni isimo. Ngokusho kwakhe, kukhona amagatsha ezintathu ezisemqoka, okuyi umthetho, mphathi zokwahlulela. wonke isakhiwo likahulumeni, esakhiwa izinto ezilandelayo ngesisekelo kulesi sikhundla imisebenzi isiRashiya, okuyilezi:

• Federal Assembly.
• I-Russian kaHulumeni.
• izinkantolo Russian.
• UMongameli Russian Federation.

Kusukela lezi zinto, eqinisweni, ilungu ohlelweni kanye nesakhiwo uhulumeni waseRussia. Nazo ngokufanayo, 'kungokwenyama ngokuphelele ezimele futhi enze imisebenzi ethile.

Uhlelo futhi isakhiwo yesigungu

Bobathathu zilethwa ingxenye kwesandla sikaHulumeni kubalulekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngamunye wabo wenza umsebenzi wayo. Kulokhu umsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu amandla esiphezulu. Nale legatsha, eqinisweni, kukhona ukugcwaliseka inchubomgomo yembuso. Ngesisekelo lonke esiphezulu legatsha uhulumeni kuyinto uMongameli kanye Uhulumeni we Russian Federation. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-ejensi kahulumeni kwamandla esiphezulu bamunye enkonzweni neminyango ezithile ezahlukene target orientation.

Phakathi izinhloko isimo imisebenzi obusebenzayo zihlanganisa ukuvikelwa sovereignty of Russian Federation, isakhi kwemingcele yayo, ukuzimela nokunye. N. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imithetho efanele kanye noMthethosisekelo bhunga esemsebenzini uMongameli ukucacisa ukuma uhlelo bangaphandle zangaphakathi zezombusazwe. Uhulumeni waseRussia, yena, umzimba wokuxhumanisa, okuyinto iholwa usihlalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhulumeni empeleni uphatha wonke isakhiwo zezinkonzo, ubunjalo federal amasevisi kanye ejensi.

ingxenye zomthetho

Isakhiwo sikahulumeni uhulumeni inezigaba ezintathu ezihlobene, njengoba isivele okukhulunywe ngaye ekuqaleni kulesi sihloko. Omunye wabo isishayamthetho. Lokhu ingxenye esikhona systematization kwegatsha zokulawula yezwe kanye nokuthuthukiswa nezenzo ezisemthethweni. Ngamanye amazwi, lesishayamthetho okukhiphayo imithetho. ukhona kuyadingeka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba semthethweni kanye nempumelelo izimiso ngokomthethosisekelo wombuso. Ngakho, imisebenzi isishayamthetho zihlose imigomo ethile, ukukhishwa okuyinto siphathiswa ahlukene isimo umzimba.

I-Federal Assembly - inhloso nesakhiwo

NgokoMthethosisekelo isiRashiya, isakhiwo of zombuso kwamandla iqukethe e ngezithako zawo ePhalamende. Lena umzimba Collegiate kukhethwe imisebenzi ukuqinisekisa inqubo zomthetho. I-Federal Assembly iqukethe e oyiyo izakhi ezimbili, ngokuthi izigceme, okuyilezi: i engenhla (i-Federation Council) futhi phansi (State Duma). Imisebenzi yaso Chamber ukukhiqiza ngokuhlukana, kodwa kwezinye izimo ongabamba umhlangano jikelele, isibonelo, ukuzwa imiyalezo yeNkantolo yoMthethosisekelo noma uMongameli we Russian Federation.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi i-Assembly Federal - lena umzimba luyingxenye lokhetho.

Okungukuthi, okuqukethwe kwayo kungenxa izakhamuzi isiRashiya, khetha ukhetho zabo. Nokho, i-chamber ngamunye ePhalamende is agcwaliswa ehlukile kakhulu amalungu. Ngokwesibonelo, kumiswa Federation Mkhandlu abameleli kusukela isihloko isimo ngasinye. I Duma yena, siqukethe amasekela ngubani kungaba noma yimuphi umuntu yobudala eseneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-21.

Emisebenzini yayo, uMkhandlu Federal ayakuphuma imithetho ngokomthethosisekelo futhi sikahulumeni. Regulations Kumele kwemukelwe yibo bobabili emakamelweni ePhalamende, bese bavunyelwe udaba zabo zangempela.

Iphanorama zokwahlulela Russia

Russian iziphathimandla isakhiwo ngeke kube khona kungekho khona igatsha sokwahlulela. Lena ngempela ingxenye ebalulekile, ogxile wonke isimiso emagunyeni afanele. Kuze kube manje, kungase izidumbu esiphakeme kakhulu kwezomthetho ngokuthi Supreme Nokuthuthukiswa Komthethosisekelo Ezinkantolo.

Lezi zikhungo ukhuluma ezimweni ezithile noma izingxabano eziphakama ku zomthetho namandla ensimini. Njengoba ojwayelekile, umangalelwa nofana umangali owawuse-sphere lobugebengu, zokuphatha, civil, kanye nezomnotho umsebenzi womuntu. Kulokhu, uMthethosisekelo usungula isimiso ukuthi kuphela iziphathimandla enikeziwe isistimu ingakwazi zikhiphe izigwebo. Ukuba khona kwamanye ejensi imisebenzi efanayo akuvunyelwe.

ukuphathwa State endaweni yezihloko inhlangano

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi isakhiwo uhulumeni inokubukwa ethize, uma sikhuluma izikhonzi lo mfelandawonye. amayunithi Wendawo isimo zilawulwa yawo siqu. Uma lokhu umahluko-federal iziphathimandla kanye lendawo kwenzeka ezingeni soMthethosisekelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngempela ezithakazelisayo kuba mbuzo zohulumeni basekhaya. Ngaphansi kwemibandela soMthethosisekelo, unikezwa kwenkululeko isiqondiso asisebenzi noma igatsha likahulumeni futhi ngokuphelele inhlangano ezimele. Inhloso Its main limane a ukusebenza evamile labantu indawo.

isiphetho

Ngakho, lesi sihloko sethulwa isakhiwo iziphathimandla zomphakathi WaseRussia, ongagcini namuhla. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi umsebenzi wakhe siyasebenza, inikezwe izici ezakha kakhulu ezweni lanamuhla. Kodwa emisha theory ne practical kule ndawo kuyadingeka uma sifuna ukwakha umbuso wentando yeningi ngempela.