Isazi-mlando saseRashiya nesombusazwe u-Yuri Afanasyev

Esikhathini sezinguquko ezinkulu ezaqeda umlando weminyaka engamashumi ayisikhombisa weSoviet Union, kwakukhona izibalo eziyinhloko ezaba uphawu ngalesi sikhathi. U-Yuri Afanasyev - osombusazwe waseRussia, ososayensi nomuntu womphakathi ungomunye wazo. Ushiye leli zwe ngoSepthemba 14, 2015. Yisiphi esinye isizathu sokubheka ngokucophelela ubuntu bomuntu ongavamile.

Ama-Biography Facts

Owezombangazwe waseRussia u-Yuri Afanasyev wazalwa ngoSeptemba 5, 1934 emzaneni omncane waseVolga we-Main. Kancane okungaziwa ngeminyaka encane yesikhathi esizayo "umphathi we-perestroika." Kodwa kunakudingeka ukuthi ngemuva kokuphothula esikoleni esiphakeme, waya enhloko-dolobha futhi wangena eyunivesithi ehlonishwa kakhulu eSoviet Union. Ngemva kokutadisha e-Faculty of History, uMoscow State University wathunyelwa ngu-Komsomol oda eSiberia elikude ekwakhiweni kwesiteshi samandla kagesi eKrasnoyarsk.

Kulesi sakhiwo sokwethuka u-Yuri Afanasyev wasebenzisa iminyaka engaba yisishiyagalolunye. Umsebenzi wakhe njengomsebenzi weKomsomol wawuhlanganisa ukwamukela nokuhlala kwabantu abasha abathunyelwa ekwakhiweni kuzo zonke izifunda zase-USSR. Ngo-1966, u-Yuri Afanasyev, owaziwa ngegama lakhe ejwayelekile esiteji sokuqala, wabuyela eMoscow. Izinto ezinkulu zamlindele ngaphambi kwakhe.

Umsebenzi wezesayensi

Ngemva kokubuyela enhloko-dolobha, umsebenzi wesisebenzi seKomsomol wakhuphuka. Kodwa-ke, insizakalo ye-nomenklatura eqenjini leqembu neKomsomol, wanquma ukushintsha emisebenzini yesayensi. Ngo-1971, u-Yuri Afanasyev waphumelela esikoleni se-Academy of Social Sciences ngaphansi kweCPS Central Committee. Emva kwalokho uqala ukuqhuba imisebenzi esebenzayo yesayensi nokuphatha. Uphindwe kabili ukuba afundele eFrance esikoleni esidumile saseSonbonne University. Izincwadi zakhe ziyabonakala emhlabeni wesayensi, okuqinisekisa ukukhuthazwa okuphumelelayo kwezinga lomsebenzi e-Institute of General History of the Academy of Sciences wase-USSR.

Uba udokotela wesayensi yomlando, uprofesa, wakhetha i-academician ye-Russian Academy of Natural Sciences. Ngo-1983, u-Yuri Afanasyev waba ilungu lebhodi lokuhlela lephephandaba iKommunist. Uqhuba umsebenzi osesidlangalaleni osebenzayo, ukhuluma emithonjeni yezindaba.

Ukunakekela ezombusazwe

Engxenyeni yesibili yeminyaka engamashumi ayisishiyagalolunye, izinguquko ezinkulu zenzeka empilweni yezenhlalakahle nezombusazwe yeSoviet Union. Esikhundleni sezombusazwe kukhona abantu abasha, phakathi kwabo kwakungu-Yuri Afanasyev. I-biography yakhe yenza i-turn nezwe lonke. Yiqiniso, lokhu kwakungeyona ingozi. Ngokuguqula emlandweni wezwe, u-Yuri Afanasyev weza njengomuntu ohloniphekile womphakathi, obona umbono wakhe wamukelwa ukulalela. Leli dumela lenziwa ngenxa yezincwadi zakhe ezihlokweni eziyinkimbinkimbi zomphakathi nezomlando. Izihloko ze-Afanasyev "eNew World" nase- "Ogonek" zazinakwa futhi zavusa izingxoxo ezifudumele phakathi kwengxenye yokucabanga yomphakathi waseSoviet.

Kunabo bonke abantu abavumelana nalo mlando, kodwa imibono yakhe mayelana nesidingo soshintsho oluyisisekelo kuzo zonke izigaba zokuphila komphakathi nezomnotho womphakathi waseSoviet wawela enhlabathini elungiselelwe futhi yahluma. Ngo-1989, u-Yuri Afanasyev wakhethwa iSekela Labantu Le-USSR. Eqenjini lokuqala elidumile, uhlanganyela e-Interregional Deputies Group.

"Umphathi we-perestroika"

Ngasekupheleni kweminyaka engamashumi ayisishiyagalolunye, u-Yuri Afanasyev, isithombe sakhe esivame ukubonakala emaphepheni asemaphepheni wezincwadi, iba omunye walabo abanombono womphakathi oxhumanisa izinguquko ezenzeka ezweni. Omunye wezintatheli uye wazicabangela incazelo encane - "ama-superintendents of perestroika". Kodwa u-Yuri Afanasyev uqobo wakhetha ukuzihlukanisa nesihloko esinjalo. Ngokulandelayo, wagcizelela ngokuphindaphindiwe ukuthi wayelokhu ebhekene nokubili uMikhail Gorbachev nesiqondiso lapho uhlelo lwezenhlalakahle lweSoviet Union luguqulwa khona.

Kodwa noma yikuphi, kwakunguYuri Afanasyev owaba umbhali wencazelo edumile "iningi labantu abalalelayo", elichaze njengengxenye ehloniphekile yabaphathi bebandla lokuqala. Le nkulumo ecacile isuke iqine ngokuqinile emibhalweni yesimanje yezombusazwe.

Iminyaka yamuva

Eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane ezimbili, u-Yuri Afanasyev wasuka emisebenzini yezombusazwe esebenzayo. Emiphumeleni yalokho okwenzeka ezweni lokuguqulwa kwaphathwa ngaphandle kokushiseka. Wayevame ukukhuluma abezindaba ngokugxeka inkambo yobuholi bezombangazwe bezwe futhi wabonisa ukusekelwa kwabaholi bokuphikiswa okungezona ohlelweni. Kodwa izitatimende zakhe azange kubangele ukukhala okukhulu komphakathi . Igunya kanye nomthelela wezombangazwe kudala.

Noma kunjalo, asikwazi ukusho ukuthi bakhohliwe ngakho. Lokhu kuboniswa inani labantu abafika ngoSeptemba 17, 2015 ngenkonzo yomngcwabo womphakathi eSakrov Centre. U-Yuri Afanasyev wangcwatshwa emathuneni e-Ostashkovsky edolobheni laseMytischi esifundeni saseMoscow.