Isifo ezithathelwanayo aphulukisayo? Lapho ukubona udokotela, izifo ezithathelwanayo?

Ngubani isifo esithathelwanayo? Lokhu udokotela kwatholakala ukuthi une siqaphela nokwelapha izifo ezithathelwanayo, okuyinto ubangwa amagciwane, amagciwane, isikhunta, nokunye. Kusukela egameni lesi Latin "ukutheleleka" lihunyushwa ngokuthi "sihlasela".

Uyini umsebenzi

Yikuphi ephatha izifo yizifo ezithathelwanayo? Odokotela yalesi okukhethekile bekwi izifo eziba khona ngenxa namagciwane ayingozi ufaka umzimba womuntu. Kanye umsebenzi ochwepheshe basafunda ubunjalo izifo, uphethwe zabo, lokuvimbela nokulawula okuvela izifo.

Izifo Ochwepheshe isifo usebenze ngokuqondile emasimini yamagciwane futhi lwezifo. kuphakama Izifo eziningi ngenxa ukungenisa nezilwanyana ezincane eziyingozi. Ngokwesibonelo, imfiva rheumatism livela ngenxa yokubakhona streptococci, futhi esiswini - ngenxa Helicobacter pylori, njll

Udokotela wezifo ezithelelanayo aphulukisayo? It nalabo izifo ezingase zidlulele kusukela komunye umuntu osebenzelana ngqo. Lezi zifo zihlanganisa izifo elula inter-yezinkathi ezithile ezifana SARS, umkhuhlane, njll, kanye eza ngaphakathi purview of eziyingozi kakhulu - isifo, ikholera, AIDS kanye nabanye.

Njengoba izifo ngocansi

Kukhona izinhlobonhlobo eziningana izifo ezinjalo. Basuke zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu ngokuvumelana nesimiso yokudlulisela:

1. emathunjini isifo - ngegciwane ingena emzimbeni ngokudla izithelo zingcolile nemifino. Ukwamukelwa ngezandla ezingcolile ukudla nazo zingaba nomthelela ezifweni emathunjini.

2. yomoya isifo - Lesifo wadluliselwa amaconsi sisemoyeni.

3. Izifo yegazi. Basuke lahlukaniswa izinhlobo. Athathelwana - faka umzimba yi yisilwane izinambuzane ezehlukene (izibungu, namazeze, omiyane, njll) akuyona athathelwana - wadluliselwa ukumpontshelwa igazi noma umjovo ngokusebenzisa izinaliti ezingcolile.

4. Kwemizwelo kwesembozo yangaphandle - lapho ukutheleleka kwenzeka sisondelene isiguli, ngesikhumba noma nolwelwesi lwamafinyila.

Uma amagciwane kuphela ngocansi kumuntu nomuntu, ukugula libizwa anthroponotic uma ezilwaneni ukuze abantu - zoonotic. Lapha kuyazuzisa ukunaka omunye qiniso eliyimpicabadala: imithi, zikhona izimo lapho abantu nengculaza, batheleleke nge-ndlela athathelwana, okungukuthi, igciwane yenethiwekhi omiyane yizinyoka, khona-ke unamathela nasesimisweni esithile, umuntu enempilo futhi ngilambatha kuye igciwane. Amathuba ukutheleleka ngale ndlela ilingana 1/10000 futhi kwenzeka ikakhulukazi ezindaweni lapho ingculaza okwandile. Ngokwesibonelo, umuntu oyedwa kwabane ezintathu uhlushwa Kwamanye amazwe ase-Afrika ngenxa yalesi sifo.

contagium

awukudla Infektsionist konke ukugula, okuvela kuyo okuyinto ngenxa Ukungena emzimbeni amagciwane, isikhunta, prions, ama-bacterium, njll Kulokhu-ke eqenjini ngalinye ibangela isifo esithile:

• amagciwane - Umkhuhlane, isimungumungwana, i-HIV, meningitis, isifo sokusha kwesibindi, njll;.
• ukhunta - msubathi, mucormycosis, candidiasis, aspergillosis, cryptococcosis, nabanye;
• Prions - izinhlayiya ezithathelwanayo ngesibonakhulu, esithinta ingqondo. Yehluka nezinye Amagciwane aqukethe amaprotheni eyodwa kuphela. Kubangele isifo, okuholela komqondo (ukuqwasha emkhayeni, Kuru, Creutzfeldt-Jakob isifo, Scheinker syndrome);
• amagciwane - ikholera, isifo, salmonellosis, uhudo nezinye.

izifo Wezingane ezithathelwanayo

Wezingane zinhlobo izifo eziningi, futhi ezinye zazo hhayi ngisho ukufunda njengeqembu ezingavamile kakhulu. Kodwa kukhona uhlu izifo ezinkulu ngokuvamile izingane iyagula. Izifo isifo Uchwepheshe ukuthi ethethisa izingane?

Isimungumungwane singadala ukuthi esinye sezifo esithathelwanayo kakhulu, futhi zonke izingane singangena kusukela eminyakeni emithathu ubudala. Kule nkathi ngaphambili, akuvamile kakhulu. Isimungumungwane idluliselwa nge amaconsi sisemoyeni, ngokuvamile itheleleke enkulisa. Isikhathi bayashintshana ekufukameleni lesi sifo kusuka 10 kuya 17 days. Ezimweni ezingavamile kakhulu ke kungathatha izinsuku 21 uma ngaleso sikhathi ingane imithi abandayo ezingaba ukuthulisa sokuchuma ngenkathi isimungumungwane ukuthatha.

ezifweni zezingane ukuze rubella kancane. Liphinde ngobulili kusukela nesineke umuntu enempilo. rubella abezindaba kuyingozi kuphela ezinsukwini zakuqala lesi sifo, ke kuba ukutheleleka non-esithathelanayo. Isikhathi bayashintshana ekufukameleni - izinsuku ezingu-15 kuya ku-24.

isifo ezithathelwanayo aphulukisayo? Mumps, noma - "ingulube", futhi afakwe ohlwini izifo ekhathaza lo dokotela. Lokhu ukutheleleka lingaphansi esithathelwanayo kuka isimungumungwana ne-rubella. Ingabe wadluliselwa amaconsi sisemoyeni, kulula ukubamba, uma Umuntu ophilile udinga egumbini elilodwa ne isiguli. Isikhathi bayashintshana ekufukameleni - kusukela ezinsukwini 11 kuya 21, ngezinye izikhathi kufikela kuzinsuku ezingu-26.

imfiva Scarlet kubangelwa streptococcus. It is adluliselwa nge ukutheleleka droplet, kodwa futhi angadluliselwa ngokusebenzisa amathoyizi kanye izinto (isib, amathawula). Isikhathi bayashintshana ekufukameleni kusuka 2 kuya 7 izinsuku, ngezinye izikhathi ihlala kufika izinsuku ezingu-12.

Idiphtheria kwenzeka ngenxa imbewu eletha toxigenic, ukukhiqiza ubuthi obunamandla (exotoxin). Ingabe adluliselwe yenethiwekhi ukuze umuntu abe nempilo enhle. Isikhathi bayashintshana ekufukameleni kusukela 2 izinsuku ezingu-10.

isifo ezithathelwanayo ukuthi namanje ephatha? Uvendle - kahle isifo ezingavamile, ukutheleleka kungenzeka kuncishiswe ngokusebenzisa inoculations njalo izifo. ingane egulayo ungaxhumana negciwane yenethiwekhi. Futhi uvendle ayihambi ngokusebenzisa izithelo ezingahlanjiwe, imifino kanye amaconsi sisemoyeni. Isikhathi bayashintshana ekufukameleni sezinsuku 5 kuya 35, kodwa ngokuvamile akekho izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezingu-12.

Upokisi - ifomu engasindi ingxibongo, okuyinto wagcina egqilazwe odokotela Soviet ekhulwini XX. Ngale kwalokho lokhu ukutheleleka abizwa ngokuthi upokisi. It is basakaza ngokusebenzisa emoyeni futhi akuyona kuyingozi kakhulu, kuthatha cishe ngemva kwesonto elilodwa. Ezifweni ukuze upokisi ezinganeni kuphezulu. Isikhathi bayashintshana ekufukameleni sezinsuku 11 kuya 21, kodwa ngokuvamile 14 izinsuku.

Ezithathelana ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa

Udokotela wezifo ezithelelanayo aphulukisayo? Wabuye iphatha isifo kuthinta abesifazane abakhulelwe. ukutheleleka ngamunye Kunengozi enkulu ezingenzeka embungwini. Livela abanye babo zincike ngqo ku amasosha omzimba sowesifazane, kanye ukubaluleka okukhulu izimo zokuphila futhi khona ukucindezeleka.

Izifo isifo Uchwepheshe ukuthi uphatha sokukhulelwa? Izifo eziyingozi kakhulu kucatshangwa ukuthi rubella, upokisi, cytomegalovirus ukutheleleka, toxoplasmosis, chlamydia, herpes, mycoplasmosis, ureaplasmosis, ugcunsula, isifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo B no-C, ukutheleleka nge-HIV.

Ukwelashwa nokuvikelwa Infectious Diseases

Ukwelashwa kuthatha indawo esibhedlela wahlomisa ngokukhethekile. Ezimweni omnene, mhlawumbe ukwelashwa ekhaya. Okuphoqelekile imfuneko - ekuhambisaneni anti-ubhubhane umbuso.

isifo ezithathelwanayo aphulukisayo? It is waziphatha izifo sisuka komunye umuntu. Isikhathi lapho izifo eziningi ezithathelwanayo seziye cishe untreatable, kuthiwa kade laphela. Manje odokotela athuthukile izinhlobo eziningi yokugoma izifo, njengoba kukhona inqwaba imithi eminye esebenza ngempumelelo. Uhlu yakamuva kuhlanganisa imithi elwa namagciwane, immunoglobulin nezinye izidakamizwa.

herpes ukutheleleka

I-Herpes Lingaqhubeka hhayi kuphela hit nolwelwesi lwamafinyila kanye isikhumba, kodwa futhi zibulale uhlelo sezinzwa, izitho zangaphakathi namehlo. Ngokuvamile it is wadluliselwa amaconsi sisemoyeni. Uma samabhamuza ezithweni zangasese, khona-ke atheleleke ngokuhlangana ngokocansi.

Umndeni herpes kuhlanganisa lezi zifo ezilandelayo: upokisi, cytomegalovirus, futhi herpes zoster. Ngemuva kokufaka umzimba, i-herpes, uhlala ukuphila. Ngokuvamile ku "ukulala" isimo. Kodwa ngaphansi kwethonya ngenxa yezizathu eziningana kungenzeka. Ngokuvamile, i-herpes zithinta isikhumba nolwelwesi lwamafinyila, kodwa kungase kuthinte ubuchopho, izindlala adrenal, isibindi, amaphaphu ubende.

isifo ezithathelwanayo uphulukisa zonke izinhlobo herpes. Lesi sifo kuyingozi kakhulu kwabesifazane abakhulelwe ngoba lokhu kungalimaza i-fetus. I-Herpes nakho kunomthelela umdlavuza wesibeletho.

ukwelashwa herpes

isifo ezithathelwanayo aphulukisayo? herpes ngokuhamba abavamile lesi sifo iphathwa nge yokugcoba ukuthi zisetshenziswa ukuqubuka. Lesi sakamuva limbozwa uqweqwe, kamuva iphele. Nge izilonda abantu abaningi base-isikhumba ngumuntu ukuphathwa zendawo.

Uma washaya mucosa ngomlomo, kubalulekile ukususa isixazululo ezibuthakathaka potassium ne ukuthola ukudla okuwuketshezi. Ukuguguleka kwenhlabathi nivame isixazululo novocaine.

isifo ezithathelwanayo ukuthi namanje ephatha? Wabuye wahlanganyela kanye herpes ocular. Lapha osebenza keretsid kwagxilisa iso. Enye indlela ayisebenzisayo "womuntu leukocyte interferon" nezinye imiphumela wendawo (laser, cryotherapy, njll).

Ingabe izimpethu kuthiwa khona ezifweni ezithathelwanayo?

Ngokungangabazeki, njengoba izibungu zabo itheleleke umzimba. Worms, kukhona izinhlobo ezahlukene ezingaphezu kwama-20, abenzi nje kuphela ukuphila emzimbeni womuntu, kodwa futhi kubangele ezihlukahlukene izifo ezengeziwe.

Lezi ziphungumangathi zasondela ufake umzimba ngokudla, amanzi noma uthuli. Mature zingabantu ngokuqondile ngaphakathi. Ngezinye izikhathi izibungu kungaholela kuze kube ngisho nasekufeni uma zingena ubuchopho. Ngokuvamile imbangela ukutheleleka iyona inyama izilwane ezigulayo noma inhlanzi kabi kusetshenzwe. Paradox: izibungu adluliswa esuka umuntu akasona isilwane, futhi ukusuka kulaba bantu uthole ikani.

Yini ukwelashwa kunikezwa

Kunezindlela ezimbalwa ingozi kubantu kodwa ezibulalayo ukuze izidakamizwa amagciwane. Ayayona amaqanda, izibungu nezibungu ngokwabo. Imithi kungathinta ukuba nezinhlobo eziningana izimuncagazi.

Ukubhubhisa izinambuzane umzimba wodwa is hhayi Kunconywa, kungcono uye kudokotela uyofuna icebiso. isifo ezithathelwanayo uphulukisa zonke izinhlobo worm. Ekuqaleni, udokotela kufanele banqume ukuthi iluphi izibungu. Lokhu kwenziwa ngokuthatha ukuhlaziywa fecal, bese kuphela elandelayo ukwelashwa.

Ukuvimbela Izifo ezithelelanayo

Prevention kubalulekile, hhayi kancane, kunokwelapha. Kahle kahle, kungcono hhayi ukuvimbela ukutheleleka esingayenza ngaphandle kokuthi siphathe ke. ukunakwa okuningi okufanele ikhokhwe enhlanzekweni nezinto eziphathelene nenhlanzeko. Geza izandla ngemva umsebenzi ezingcolile, ngaphambi kokudla nangemuva kokuya endlini encane. Lokhu kusindisa ezihlukahlukene izifo emathunjini. Ngezinye izikhathi asetshenziswa njengezindawo umthombo handrails e ezokuthutha zomphakathi, imali zokubala ezitolo, njll Ngakho-ke, lapho efika ekhaya, udinga ugeze izandla zakho noma kunjalo.

isilawuli Vector kungaba namagundane, amaphela izinambuzane eziningi (ikakhulukazi omiyane imikhaza). Ukuze bazivikele, kumele ziphathwe amakhemikhali ezikhethekile lapho ndzawonye hhayi ukusakaza. Kukhona amathuluzi amaningi angasetshenziswa - izifutho, fumigators, ingxube enobuthi, njll