Isikhathi esingakanani sokugubha umkhuhlane we-tick-borne encephalitis siphelile?

isifo esiyingozi futhi ngaphandle evamile iyi encephalitis ezithwalwa. Isikhathi bayashintshana ekufukameleni, izimpawu kanye nokwelashwa isifo - konke lokhu ufanelwe ukuqashelwa okukhethekile, njengoba lesi sifo singumbulali usongo hhayi kuphela empilweni nasenhlalakahleni esiguli, kodwa futhi ukuze asindise ukuphila kwakhe. izinyathelo zokwelapha kumele kuqale ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka.

Isexwayiso: encephalitis umkhaza ezithwalwa!

Impumelelo ukuphathwa kuxhomeke kakhulu indlela kudlule masinyane kwesikhathi bayashintshana ekufukameleni ngoba ezithwalwa encephalitis igciwane kanye nesifo kuzozwakala. Kusukela ngesikhathi ukutheleleka ngoba abantu ngeke ithathe ngokuthi abagulayo kanye nezidingo ukusiza.

Namuhla lesi izindaba zokugula zibonakale noma oyingozi futhi zidinga izimpendulo ngokushesha. Ikakhulukazi, Siyini ngempela lesi sifo futhi kube namiphi imiphumela zingayisongela umuntu? isikhathi esingakanani bayashintshana ekufukameleni inkathi ka ezithwalwa encephalitis igciwane, futhi yisiphi isinyathelo okufanele zithathwe kuqala? Izimpendulo kumele kwaziwe yibo bonke izakhamuzi zamanje, kusukela ingozi (ihaba!), Yilowo nalowo kithi.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ukuthola encephalitis ezithwalwa kungaba kunoma iyiphi esifundeni Russia, kodwa kwezinye izindawo ezindawo, izibalo zibonisa nokuqubuka wonke izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane. abathwali zako ziyizindlela abameleli eyisinambuzane bloodsucking - imikhaza. Igciwane singene emzimbeni womuntu, lifinyelela amangqamuzana ezinzwa futhi cortex cerebral, ngokushesha ezithinta CNS kanye neuropathy isimiso sezinzwa. Ukungabi ukwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi ezimweni eziningi igcwele ukugula okubulalayo.

Izindlela viral encephalitis ukutheleleka

Okwamanje, ososayensi ukwazi izinhlobo eziningana igciwane ukuthi yizinambuzane kubantu nasezilwaneni:

1. Western encephalitis uhlobo (limelela uhlobo oluncane kakhulu lesi sifo, kokuba Yiqiniso inamagquma).
2. Far Eastern encephalitis uhlobo (isifo ezinzima ezithathelwanayo, okuyinani eliphakeme ngokubona kwakho kulaba abathathu ekuphikisweni ngokunamandla).
3. ESiberia encephalitis uhlobo (futhi esongela ukuphila esiguli, kodwa nje uma eqhathaniswa naso esandulele has a degree engezansi virulence).

Isici nobuntu lesi silwanyana eziyingozi kungenziwa ngokuthi ukuthi luhlala yezimoto izakhiwo ezithile zesimiso sezinzwa. Inqobo ziyinkathi bayashintshana ekufukameleni of encephalitis ezithwalwa, umuntu asinazo izimpawu. Bazinze isakhiwo yeselula, igciwane ungahlala khona isikhathi eside futhi akusho avuse impendulo zokuzivikela mzimba.

Wenzenjani ungenwe?

Ngakho emuva abathutha. Njengoba sekushiwo, zingabantu izibungu. A engozini ethile ngokwesakhiwo epidemiologists waseYurophu futhi ehlathini ngamunye. Kuyinto lezi-zinhlobo esincane ka eyisinambuzane zidla igazi ezincelisayo, e Umq. H. Futhi indoda. Mshini ukutheleleka ilula:

1. Amagciwane uthola esikhumbeni, abavikelwe yi izingubo.
2. Bite ngokusebenzisa ngendwangu niphuze igazi.
3. Lingena ngamathe esisiza ndikindiki esizeni bite. Lokhu kuyikhono esikhohlisayo kakhulu izibungu, ngoba yomuntu wakhe akakwazi ngokushesha sokusukuma futhi uqonde ukuthi amagciwane singene kukho ngaphansi kwesikhumba.
4. Kanye ngamathe igazi iwe izinhlayiya pathogenic, kusukela ngaleso sikhathi uqala bayashintshana ekufukameleni inkathi TBE, kuze izimpawu zazo bengekho nhlobo.

Ingozi embi kunazo zonke ukuba abantu kukhona imikhaza zesifazane. Abakwazi ukuphila "ngasese" emzimbeni umninikhaya sika kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, ngokungafani kuya kwabesilisa, ngubani igcwele igazi lomuntu kweso futhi ngokuvamile ziyanyamalala phambi kwebutho yenhlwathi ngokuvamile uqaphela yobukhona babo noma izibazi. Kukholakala ukuthi umsebenzi lezi eyisinambuzane sihamba ngesizini. Epidemiologists uqaphele ukuthi izigameko isiqongo kwenzeka ekuqaleni kanye ekupheleni kwehlobo.

Njengoba isifo idluliselwa ku indoda?

Iphuzu elibalulekile ekuhloleni nezindaba ezihlobene encephalitis ezithwalwa izindlela okungenzeka ukudluliswa izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane. Ngokuvamile, abantu ngokuqondile yenethiwekhi, isb. E., umkhaza Lapho udle. Kodwa ukubamba lesi sifo esiyingozi kungaba ngezinye izindlela.

Ngokushesha kufanele sinake yokuthi ezungezile umuntu ephephile ngokuphelele wacosha encephalitis ezithwalwa. Isikhathi bayashintshana ekufukameleni noma isigaba ukubonakaliswa okukhulu lesi sifo ayenzi umuntu usongo ezifihliwe kwabanye, uma kuphela ngoba lokho ukutheleleka sisemoyeni aluphumeleli.

Yini angeke uthe mayelana indlela alimentary yokudlulisela, ingasaphathwa ukuxhumana ngqo igazi. Ngokwesibonelo, ungakwazi ukubamba lezi zindlela:

• ukudla inyama, ubisi, amaqanda, ushizi, nokunye. e., nomkhiqizi okuyinto wayegula encephalitis isilwane
• utero - kusuka kumama kuya fetus (endabeni yokudla ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa).

Izici igciwane kukhona okukhuthazela wakhe nangamandla. nezilwanyana ezincane Pathogenic ahlale alimale, ngisho ngaphansi kwamazinga okushisa aphansi kakhulu.

Izici kwesikhathi bayashintshana ekufukameleni futhi isikhathi

Ukuze uzwisise ukuthi yini isikhathi bayashintshana ekufukameleni kusukela encephalitis ezithwalwa, kubalulekile ukuba sicabangele izimpawu eziyinhloko futhi ukubonakaliswa. Ezimweni eziningi esigabeni esicashile lesi sifo ihlala 1 2 amaviki. Nokho, lezi idatha okulinganiselwa ku. Eqinisweni, izimpawu zokuqala kuba zingavela futhi ngosuku olulandelayo ngemva ukutheleleka, nakuba zokwelapha uyazi Ezimweni eziningi lapho wathatha cishe esiyizinyanga bayashintshana ekufukameleni of encephalitis ezithwalwa. Imiphumela yaloku kuhlola okungenhla kuleli cala, ochwepheshe abakwazi ukuletha ngendlela esifike ngesikhathi, futhi ngenxa yalokho ngaphambili kakhulu uqale ukwelashwa, okuyinto kukodwa kunikeza ithuba ezinhle isiguli amathuba ukululama okusheshayo.

Okwamanje, odokotela evamile bawahlukanisela isifo ngezigaba eziningana:

1. Ngo esigabeni sokuqala (esicashile) sintula ngokuphelele yimuphi izimpawu zokutheleleka. Le nkathi bayashintshana ekufukameleni of encephalitis ezithwalwa.
2. Kube sekulandela esigabeni zokudakwa, ngoba igciwane, kanye igazi, yayikwazi ukuhamba kuya izinzwa.
3. Ngesikhathi esigabeni sesithathu, kwaqedwa "buthule" esiteji, izimpawu zesifo zibaluleke ngempela. abavelele Ikakhulukazi kukhona CNS iziyaluyalu ukusebenza.
4. Phakathi ukwelashwa, izivikeli mzimba ucala kutfutfukisa sifo. Isigaba sesine lesi sifo izophela yokutakula.

Izimpawu encephalitis ezithwalwa

Ngakho, esinyathelweni yesibili, bayashintshana ekufukameleni inkathi TBE ingena esigabeni yayo asebenzayo. ukuzwa Isici ngesikhathi egula njengoba iziguli uqaphela yilezi:

• ikhanda;
• izinga lokushisa emzimbeni okusezingeni eliphezulu (40 degrees);
• ukucanuzela kwenhliziyo, ukuhlanza,
• ubuthakathaka jikelele zomzimba, umuzwa ezazihlala zikhona yokukhathala;
• isifo "sokulala wake" umjikelezo.

Nokho, lokhu isimo esitebeleni lakhe lingeke ladalulwa. Isifo siqhubeka ngokushesha kakhulu, iziguli zinamathuba amaningi okuba bazithola soreness e imisipha wonke umzimba. Ikakhulukazi imisipha ethintekile kanye engxenyeni engenhla isiqu kanye emikhawulweni nemisipha.

Thikha yizinambuzane encephalitis e ingane

Isikhathi bayashintshana ekufukameleni ngoba encephalitis ezithwalwa ezinganeni kwenzeka ngendlela efanayo e abadala. Luthatha izinsuku 7-14 nje. Kodwa ababuthakathaka ingane umzimba awukwazi eside ugcine igciwane ngaphakathi, isigaba esicashile lesi sifo ihlala isikhathi eside. Symptomatology ebuntwaneni ngaphezulu libizwa. Ngu yalezi zimpawu ezingenhla izingane ukungezwa kule isithombe emtholampilo:

• ingane zingase zizule;
• ingqondo yakhe confusedly;
• Kwenzeka yokufikelwa;
• kukhona ububomvu nokuvuvukala kwesikhumba.

Ngesisekelo lesi sifo kungenzeka ukunquma kwindlela ageleza encephalitis. Isikhathi bayashintshana ekufukameleni (izimpawu wabonakaliswa abonisa ukuthi isifo siqhubeka) luphela, bese kubalulekile ukuze uthole ukuthi iqondeni zinhlobo zezifo.

Ngayiphi amafomu uqhubeke isifo?

Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu futhi okungenani eziyingozi lesi sifo ububonisa izimpawu ezichazwe ngenhla. Leli fomu okunomkhuhlane Nokho, ngaphezu ke, kungase kube nabanye:

• meningeal;
• meningoentsefalicheskaya;
• poliomielitopodobnaya;
• poliradikulonevriticheskaya.

Two-wave lesi sifo - the simo ezivamile lapho eba encephalitis. Isikhathi bayashintshana ekufukameleni kuleli cala kuqedwe ngokushesha ukubonakaliswa yokuqala wave imfiva. Ngokuvamile kuba iphutha okwesikhathi catarrhal noma nezifo zokuphefumula. Phela, ngaphezu lokushisa eliphezulu umzimba futhi abe buthakathaka jikelele zomzimba, azikho izimpawu. Lapho imfiva ubalekela, indoda, beqiniseka babuyele ngokugcwele kusukela "abandayo" akusho ukuthatha noma yisiphi isinyathelo.

lokushisa umzimba kungase kube into eyamukelekayo negagasi isifo, okuzokwenziwa wabuye ephelezelwa imfiva yesibili. Kodwa ngalesi sikhathi ukubhujiswa amangqamuzana obuchopho ziqala ukuba baveze imizwa yabo ngokugcwele.

Ukwelashwa ngesikhathi bayashintshana ekufukameleni - amathuba eliphakeme okuphumelela

Ngokuphelele ezingafani ukuzibonakalisa encephalitis. Isikhathi bayashintshana ekufukameleni ngemva kokulunywa kungathatha isikhathi eside noma okuphambene nalokho, ke kuncike ezintweni eziningi: amabutho namagciwane okuvikela umzimba, khona izifo concomitant, njll Ezimweni eziningi, isikhathi ukuhlola isifo ehluleka ... Eqinisweni, le nkinga esikhathini bayashintshana ekufukameleni omude encephalitis ezithwalwa, okuyinto ayihlwanyelayo emzimbeni womuntu, kodwa lokho akusho sizibonakalisa, akukuniki isiguli kungenzeka ukuthatha izinyathelo ngesikhathi.

Kunoma yikuphi, lapho izimpawu zokuqala, ngisho nalabo njengoba kulindeleke bavele unganakile, musa kungabonakala kungalungile, kubalulekile ukubona udokotela ukuba anobuthi. Ikakhulukazi uma phakathi ngenyanga edlule engaxhumani umlawuli wekhompyutha esalotshwa endoda ngokwayo.

Lapho lurks igciwane lohlobo lwe?

Kukho konke okungenhla kulula ukuqagela lokho ncamashi kubangela encephalitis. Izimbangela zesifo zihlanganiswe ukulunywa yizinambuzane izinambuzane. Ukuze avimbele ingozi yamagciwane, odinga ukukwazi ngokuvimbela kanye nama ukuthi baziphathe kanjani uma ngemva kokulunywa umkhaza.

Okokuqala, uhamba ehlathini noma ezindaweni ezivulekile ngotshani okusezingeni eliphezulu Lemvelo engase igcwele ingozi. Ngakho-ke, isikhathi ngasinye obuyayo, udinga ukuba uhlaziye izinto khona imikhaza.

Okwesibili, uma kutholwa kumelwe ngokushesha aye esibhedlela, lapho udokotela omkhulu ohlinzayo professional kungasiza ukuqeda bloodsuckers. Ayikwazi kunoma isiphi isimo bathathe isinyathelo siqu, izandla zayo ezingcolile usebenzisa iziphi izinto okungezona oyinyumba ngakwesokunene ukuzama ukuyikhipha amagciwane. umzimba umkhaza ukuze uthole lula, kodwa kubalulekile ukuthi isusiwe nenhloko.

Okwesithathu, kuba engathandeki baphonse ekhishwe ngaphansi amagciwane isikhumba. Kumelwe uyiswe endaweni yokucwaninga ukuze kutholakale KWAMAGUNDANE yayo. Endabeni isiqinisekiso igciwane ngamathe yayo bazokwazi ukuqala ukwelashwa esikhathini bayashintshana ekufukameleni of encephalitis ezithwalwa futhi borreliosis. isifo Okwesibili sithinta CNS senziwa ngomnikelo omncane futhi ukugeleza ngokwanele esindayo.

Izinkinga ngenxa yokuphathwa kabi ngasekupheleni

isigaba ekhohlisayo Iningi ziyinkathi bayashintshana ekufukameleni ngoba encephalitis ezithwalwa. Ukwelashwa imisiwe, kungekho senzo esithathwayo, okusho ukuthi isifo kalula uthuthuka, futhi akukho lutho kulo ukuthi ngeke ayeke. Nazi nje inkinga ukuthi kuphakamisa isifo, abakwazi kuphela ngokuphelele ukushintsha indlela yokuphila isiguli, kodwa futhi ukuze uyilethe abakhubazekile noma, endaweni Izibikezelo sibi liyabulala.

Kukholakala ukuthi isimo esihle yokutakula in iziguli meningeal namafomu febrile lesi sifo. Yonke inkambo yokwelapha uqhubeke kahle, kanye isimo lesiguli ngeke sizinzile. yokutakula Okugcwele bungatholakala ngemva kokwelashwa inyanga yonke.

Ezinye izinhlobo zesifo banciphisa impilo isiguli. Ezimweni eziningi, ukuthuthukisa isithuthwane. Izinkinga encephalitis kakhulu Lithinta ubuchopho futhi isimo. Okokuqala, kukhona edema, okungase engase kuholele ikhoma nokufa. Lapho igciwane kuthinta izinzwa e kuhlasimulise ubuchopho esifundeni, kukhona izinqubo engelapheki (ukukhubazeka, inkulumo neziyaluyalu, strabismus nezinkinga nokugwinya). Cishe ama-90% eziguli abaye bahlupheka yezinkinga ezifana ukhubazeka.

Ukwelashwa nokuvikelwa ezithwalwa encephalitis: amakhambi abantu noma imithi?

Nini kwesikhathi bayashintshana ekufukameleni of ezithwalwa encephalitis igciwane futhi lesi sifo uqala ukukhombisa ngokwayo, kubalulekile ukuqala ukwelashwa ngokushesha. Kuthiwa self-awusona isehluleki. Kungani ukuphila engozini futhi belimala lapho ephendukela professional, kungenzeka ukuba babhekane nalesi sifo, ngaphandle kokulinda ukuba ukubukeka imiphumela engemihle?

Thikha yizinambuzane encephalitis - omunye walabo izifo lapho okunye, abantu imithi akanamandla ngokuphelele. Ukwelashwa lesi sifo ngokuvamile kukholelwa e ezindongeni inpatient ukwelashwa isikhungo. Esibhedlela, embhedeni ukuphumula, amamenyu Ukudla kanye esiphezulu enokuthula - therapy main nemibandela saziso.

Imaphi amalungiselelo kufanele kuthathwe?

Ezokwelapha iqala isingeniso umzimba eqondene serum immunoglobulin. Abashadile ngokuthatha izidakamizwa ne ejenti elwa namagciwane, ephumelela kunazo kulesi simo ezibhekwa interferonsoderzhaschie.

Iqembu elilandelayo izidakamizwa obudingekayo inducers izidakamizwa elwa namagciwane, phakathi lapho odokotela bathanda "neovir", "amiksin" futhi "tsikloferon".

Kubaluleke ngokufanayo ukuthi isiguli kwavele ngokukhishwa kobuthi egazini ephelele emzimbeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngo parallel angabelwa ukuba izidakamizwa eqeda ukuvuvukala, kanye ekuthuthukiseni trophism ka yezinzwa nesivinini kwegazi.

Isilinganiso ukwelashwa Yiqiniso ihlala isikhathi esingangenyanga. Ngemva ocucuzayo, umuntu alandele ngumuntu wezinzwa kanye ezithathelwanayo isifo onguchwepheshe. Kwake kwathi ngo-kulezi zinyanga eziyisithupha ezizayo isiguli kufanele ahlolwe ngokuphelele. Imiphumela yaloku kuhlola okungenhla Periodic uyogwema ukuthuthukiswa encephalitis ezingamahlalakhona. Ngesimo esinjalo, inkathi bayashintshana ekufukameleni of encephalitis ezithwalwa kubantu engekho, isifo kuzibonakalisa esiteji oyingozi. Izimpawu, njengoba umthetho, uhlala kungakhathaliseki yokwelapha. Ingozi ifomu njalo lesi sifo iyona awokuthi yezinkinga ngesimo paresis, ukukhubazeka, isithuthwane kanye nokunye okufana nalokho. D.

wokugoma encephalitis

ngokukhethekile kufanele kube zokuvimbela yalesi sifo kakhulu, akuyona okuhlukile ngokuqondene nalo mthetho:-ke, kanye nezinye izifo, kulula ukuvimbela esingayenza ngaphandle kokuthi siphathe. Ngaphezu izindlela classical avikela umzimba womuntu kusuka bite (kwesokudla egqoke ehlathini, ukucabangela ngokucophelela isidumbu khona izinambuzane abancela, ukusetshenziswa ongaphandle isinambuzane oxosha-ejenti, kanye nokunye. D.), Ingabe kubhekwe ukuba izinyathelo ngempumelelo kanye nokuvinjelwa izidakamizwa.

Okokuqala sikhuluma lokugoma ngokumelene sifo. Ukugonywa umjovo oqukethe umthamo encane we lwegciwane, kuhloswe ngazo ukuqinisa futhi ekuthuthukiseni umsebenzi izivikeli mzimba. Lapho udle wokugoma kusiza ukukhiqiza amasosha omzimba adingekayo.

Ngokuvamile zigonywe abantu abahlala bands ezinobungozi ezindawo ezinabantu abaningi abathwala lesi sifo. Nokho, izenzo yokugoma izothatha iminyaka emithathu, emva kokuphela manipulation wenziwa futhi.

Prevention ngesikhathi bayashintshana ekufukameleni

Ngokuvamile, izinyathelo kwenziwe esikhathini bayashintshana ekufukameleni of encephalitis ezithwalwa. Prophylaxis kuyinto nokuphathwa a immunoglobulin ethize. Ezinsukwini ezintathu zokuqala emva kokulunywa, lapho lesi sifo ngo esigabeni esicashile sokuthuthuka, ukuvimbela inchubekelembili okwengeziwe nesifo kuba lula.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izidakamizwa esetshenziswa kabanzi, ezisetshenziswa kokubili ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuqala ukutheleleka, kanye eziphuthumayo namagciwane senzo. Adult izindlela eziphumelelayo kubhekwe "Jodantipyrin", futhi izingane - "Anaferon". Kunoma ikuphi, ukuqokwa kwemithi kufanele baphathe udokotela, imithi wedwa akuvunyelwe nhlobo.