ISivumelwano plussa: isimo nokubaluleka

ISivumelwano plussa - lesi sivumelwano, okwakubekelwa esiphakathi Russia nase Sweden e 1583. Lokhu kwaba isinyathelo esibalulekile kwaqedwa iMpi Livonian. Ekuqaleni sasayinwa iminyaka emithathu, bese amaqembu baye baphoqeleka ukuba ukudlulisa eminye iminyaka emine. Inqubo ukuxoxisana senzeka ngezigaba eziningana, ngenxa isikhathi impi kanye Ukungqubuzana izithakazelo phakathi kwalawa mazwe amabili.

prehistory

ISivumelwano plussa bamemezela imiphumela ukukulungisa uyakhathaza phakathi kwalawa mazwe amabili phezu ogwini aseBaltic. Izwe lethu waqunywa wasuka yokungena olwandle kusukela enyakatho ngemva amaMongol ahlasele, futhi kufika ngekhulu XVIII wabalwela ekubuyiseleni lo kwesokudla. It eyayifuna ukuyigwema isimo Polish-Lithuanian. Lokhu impi iphela kabi ngezwe lethu kanye ngonyaka ngaphambi sasayinwa isivumelwano sokuthula plussa, uhulumeni waseRussia yasayina isivumelwano ku kwathatha isitha Livonia futhi Polotsk.

ukuqeqeshwa

Inqubo ukuxoxisana e 1583, welula on izigaba eziningana. Ekuqaleni, amaqembu yasayina isivumelwano zokukwazi izinyanga ezimbili. Wekugcina yesivumelwano wakhishwa kuphela ngo-Agasti kulo nyaka. Kepha sekuphelile iminyaka 2, live letfu Uhulumeni waseSweden Bangene okuthiwa sivumelwano wesibili ka plussa, elaba amandla ngemva kwesikhashana.

hlinzeka

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi amathimba lokuqala behluleka ukufinyelela ukusilela phezu izimpikiswano indawo. Into kuphela banayo - iyona imvume zomhlaba. Isivumelwano yesibili kakade equkethwe ukulungiselwa okuthile mayelana nesigaba ezibonakalayo. Ubunzima main ezweni lethu walala yokuthi ithimba Swedish ngeke bavumele eMoscow emasimini, okwakuthatha ibutho laso empini. Ekugcineni wakwazi ukubamba semizi, ezifana Yam Koporje nabanye nge izifunda zabo. Kodwa izwe lethu uye wakwazi ukulondoloza indlela yokungena olwandle ngokusebenzisa ndima emincane emfuleni iNeva.

Inani

ISivumelwano plussa, usuku lapho - e-1583, kumemezela imiphumela impi eziyinkimbinkimbi phezu khona oLwandle iBaltic. Ngeshwa, hhayi Russia lifinyelele umgomo ngokuyinhloko ngenxa isimo sezombangazwe esebenzisa (izwe eye wenziwa buthakathaka kwezomnotho ngenxa oprichnina). Russia ilahlekelwe ezindaweni eziningana osendaweni ezibalulekile, kodwa waqhubeka komlomo iNeva. Akufanele sibakhohlwe ukuthi lezi ezivuna bezwe yesikhashana. Phakathi neminyaka embalwa eyalandela emuva kuqala impi ngoba isifunda esisenyakatho, owawunesihloko ukubaluleka okufanayo zombili.