Kulikovo Field lapho? Indawo egcina amagugu esizwe "Kulikovo Field"

Njalo inhliziyo Russian ezibizayo Kulikovo Field, indawo lapho kwakukhona khona enye yezimpi kubalulekile kakhulu kutimela ezweni lakithi. It lwaphuka nkolelo-ze yokungafi ayenganqobeki we amaMongol izindimbane, eside ayethunjelwe kwezizwe eziningi ayehlala Eurasia.

Mayelana nenhlekelele Ukraine liye laziwa kokubili, Odessa sika Kulikovo Field. Buyini ubuhlobo phakathi eside impi nokufa abantu abangenacala ezandleni isizwe? Ngokusobala, ebukhoneni ubuqaba nolaka waphendula buthaka okuningi ekuqaleni shazi iqiniso amandla.

Nokudunyiswa namaqhawe kule Petrine inkathi

Esikhathini isiko Russian ukwakha yisikhumbuzo lempi esabekwa umbusi wokuqala, uPeter Omkhulu. Isakhiwo sivala akazange akuvimbele ukukhandwa yinkosi ukuvakashela isayithi empini edumile, kwasho ukuqala ubunye emazweni Russian. Ngekhulu ubudala oki ihlathi eliluhlaza, ukugawula imithi lapho umyalo eliphakeme kwenqatshelwa, kwathi baba Russian Nature Reserve kuqala. Lesi sithombe esiyisikhumbuzo ophilayo waba ingcwele lapho zonke Patriot kungaba ukukhothamela lesi feat amadlozi. Kuze kube ngaleso sikhathi, izinto ezibonakalayo kuphela, okusikhumbuza enkazimulweni yayo yangaphambili, izinsalela abangu ukubuyiswa kubalimi umhlaba. Izifiki ngubani wasungula idolobhana (oki Green Tatinskie amazibuko, Red Hill noDon) ngesikhathi sokulima ngokuvamile bethola izinsalela izinkemba, izihlangu, arrowheads futhi kwesiphambano namaqhawe ezathatha ukulwa zokugcina. Kwakukhona izindaba, tinganekwane inkumbulo abantu, isuka kwesinye isizukulwane iye kwesinye.

Ngemva kweMpi Yezwe II

Ukwanda ukwazi kazwelonke, okwenzeka ngemva kokuhlasela kaNapoleon, wavusa abantu izinkumbulo zokunqoba esidlule. Angikwazanga angasondeli futhi edolobheni ekhazimulayo gunsmiths - Tula. Kulikovo endle kwaba yinto yokudunyiswa. Ngemizamo neziphathimandla yesifundazwe, ngosizo abefundisi, abathengisi nokusekelwa ethandwa lapha saqala ukwakha izakhiwo lokuqala, feat immortalized squad Dmitry Donskoy. Ekuqaleni wayezelwe ukwakhiwa emikhulu, abe injongo esikabili: ukuthi ngincome amaqhawe empini lokugcina umsebenzi wokuqhuba izinkambo ezikhuluma ngomlando walo kanye nezenzo, futhi ekhuthaza inkumbulo kubahlanganyeli impi, owawungumnyaka ezine eminyakeni engaphezu kwekhulu. Ukuqalisa ukusebenza ngokugcwele uhlelo ayiphumelelanga ngenxa yokuntuleka kwemali.

Amathempeli izikhumbuzo kwekhulu elidlule

Kuphela 1850, i-Kulikovo ensimini, noma kunalokho, Red Hill, ehlotshiswe isikhumbuzo by A. P. Bryullova - Obelisk badunyiswe ka Dmitry Donskoy. Enye yesikhumbuzo isici sokuzalwa kweNkosi the Virgin, kwadalwa AG Bocharnikova cishe engamashumi amabili, futhi laqedwa ngo-1884. Kodwa lo main Orthodox izikhumbuzo, ibandla Sergiya Radonezhskogo, usuqede Ensemble ngo-1917. Khona-ke, sekungamashumi amaningi eminyaka, le ndawo engcwele wangena shí la mavangeli. Entsha kwamaBolshevik uhulumeni kwakungeyona kuze kube amaqhawe esikhathini esidlule, banayo okwanele yabo ...

I izindlela ezintsha zesayensi zokufunda

Uyini abadumile Kulikovo ensimini? Tula esifundeni, ngaphakathi kabani indawo umcimbi ekhumbulekayo ngokomlando sixties kwekhulu elidlule baba indawo ye imivubukulo izifundo, okuyinto kanye izinto ezikhona kakade sivumelekile ukunikeza incazelo ubufakazi-based inkambo impi, izigaba zayo, futhi ukukhomba izindawo izimpi okukhulu kakhulu. Manje ososayensi nge ngezinga eliphezulu okungenzeka yaziwa, indima emlandweni we Kulikovo Field. Indawo egcina amagugu esizwe (Tula Izifundo Regional) ukuhlela imibukiso ngesikhathi esifanayo wavula igatsha ezikhethekile umsebenzi okuyinto okunikezwe ethize: ukukhomba abuye asekele umbono Cishe iningi ekuqaleni izenzakalo Septhemba 1380. Kwakungelula, kodwa izazi-mlando eziye kuboniswane.

indawo impi

Ukubukeka kwale izindawo lapho Kulikovo Field, phakathi namakhulu eminyaka iye sashintsha ngokuphawulekayo. Ukuze ukubuyisela isimo ngo-1830, kwaba okudingekile ukudala kabusha ku amabalazwe kanye tinkhulumo. Zonke leminyaka elidlule wenza kwamahlathi, inhlabathi, ukulahleka, impumuzo angabekwa. Nepryadva noDon baba ezincane, okuyinto futhi ngathiyeka umsebenzi wokuvuselela izakhiwo. Nokho, ukucabanga isithombe ngangokunokwenzeka, kanye ukubuyisela izinhlelo Tactical Dmitriya Donskogo.

Umkhandlu bempi impi uhlelo

Kuyaziwa ukuthi Kulikovo Field itholakala amakhilomitha amahlanu ukusuka edolobhaneni samanje Monastyrshchino. Ngokombono lempi buka, endaweni ekhethiwe. Njengoba sazi ukuthi indlela Intandokazi Mongol-Tatar izindimbane kwaba workaround, Russian Prince axoshwe kuye kusukela kungenzeka isitha arsenal, ukuvikela kokubili ezinhlangothini amanzi izithiyo - Tar emifuleni kanye Lower Dubik. Nokho, kusiza kwakuwukulungisa unyendle ibutho, ukryvshemsya e Green Dubrava. Yasungulwa kusukela amaqhawe ekhethiwe.

ensimini Kulikovo likhulu, nge endaweni amakhilomitha square kuka amathathu, kodwa umonakalo eziyinhloko isitha wenziwa ezindaweni esincane salo - amamitha amathathu namashumi ayisihlanu.

Kodwa ngisho nangaphambi sesivuthiwe uhlelo Tactical, kwakukhona umkhandlu wezempi yahanjelwa nababusi nezikhulu. Ezinye zazo, silindele nobunzima elihlobene ne nokuphoqa Don, wacela ukusithatha ukuzivikela ku ibhange kwesokunxele, ngaphandle sokunqoba ingozi amanzi. On lokhu Prince Dmitry wanika impendulo izwakale ngendlela lithathelwe yanamuhla: "Kungcono kayivumanga nendikimba abangamhloniphi uNkulunkulu kuka uyeza, kwenze lutho. Namuhla, asihambe ngokuba Don, futhi ake amabombo khona abafowethu! ".

Izimpi kuyaqabukela kuvuna lobuciko, kodwa lesi sikhathi, cishe zonke kuhlulekile. Lapho manje simi emzaneni Tatinkom, amabhuloho ezakhiwa, nabamahhashi wathola amazibuko. Kwathi ebusuku ka-September 8, wakwazi ukubona ekusithekeni.

Ngaphambi impi, Prince Dmitry zange alale, wanxusa amasosha ukulwa isibindi futhi engawayekanga yena. Misty sasekuseni ngalelo langa kwaba ukuthunyelwa ukulwa echelons ezintathu. Esikhathini eziphambili elihamba ibutho lase ke eyakhelwe ibutho elikhulu (main yesiteleka amandla), bona Dmitry wayala mathupha. Kwakunesidingo futhi ilungiselelo iklanyelwe ukusekela isiqondiso lapho kwakuzoba isimo esibucayi. Ingabonakali oluhlaza-oak reserve ibutho iphansi kwesandla sika-umbusi Bobrok isosha kanye Vladimira Serpuhovskogo wabhekana indima ekhethekile. Kusukela izenzo zabo kwakuxhomeke impilo yonke squad kanye Dmitry.

Isitha namabutho akhe

Mamay wathutha kancane, siqiniseka ngamandla nebutho lakhe. Kwaba eziningi futhi idlule amabutho ukuthi phikisa rusichi. Futhi kwadingeka uxhumano squads amaTartar azihlanganisa Olega Ryazanskogo futhi Grand UMbusi Lithuania Jogaila. Sehora ngaphambi emini vanguard, eyayihlanganisa Amasosha Genoese waqhubeka Kulikovo ensimini wathatha phambi ume phambi ibutho Russian. Ubuke aqondisa Red Hill umama, musa kulibona nanoma yiziphi izinkinga kanye lezimanga. Ngokwesiko, ezonini kokungathathi hlangothi phakathi kwezinhloko zamaviyo Bekumnandzi bokulwa art namaqhawe. AmaTatar ukubeka Chelubey ngokumelene Russian indela Peresvet. Amabutho babelingana, akekho owayefuna lontanga, ukubulala iqhawe ezimbili. Bese waqala ...

A Sound lwempi

Ukungqubuzana kwezinhloso impi okwesikhathi eside isikhathi mlando baye yahlulelwe ngokwezenzo incazelo yalo ku "Transdoniad" - idokhumenti ibhalwe umbhali akaziwa, mhlawumbe, ngokushesha ngemva kwempi, noma esikhathini esingengakanani kamuva. ukushayisana Frontal amabutho amabili kwenzeke ngenombolo enkulu izisulu mutual. ibutho Advanced olwembiza futhi isiswebhu efana notshani, nenhlanga, khona-ke kwaba ukuqala ibutho Big, okungukuthi main amabutho Russian. Relegating isiqondiso eyinhloko kuhlaselwa the flank ngakwesokunxele, AmaTatar umcindezele ukuba Nepryadva okusongela Ukusabalala. Mamai wazizwa ukuthi ukunqoba kwakhe kuseduze, kodwa-ke, ngokuvumelana uhlelo Tactical, hit Ambush ibutho, kwabangela ukwesaba futhi abaleke isitha. Russian AmaTatar babaxosha, ukushayisa kubo waphakamisela. Ngemva kokuzwa lokuhlaba, wabaleka, kulindeleke Mamai obambisene nabo, akuzange kube njengokungathi ujoyina impi.

Fallen namaqhawe wangcwatshwa izinsuku eziyisishiyagalombili. Moscow anqoba, ukuhlangana abawinile mhlaka-1 Okthoba. Dmitry Prince wathola "Don" isihloko.

On ngezindaba zamasu ezinga

Letinemakhono amacebo umlawuli obufanele ukuhlonishwa, kodwa kuphela owaleli abahlakaniphile ubuhlakani njengabawufanelekele isihloko. ngifuna nje ibalazwe Russia, kungenzeka ukuba baqonde ukuthi wayesho ngoba umlando wethu Kulikovo ensimini ke. Tula esifundeni ngaphakathi kwemingcele yayo samanje isendleleni kusukela iVolga enyakatho-mpumalanga yezwe. Sokugxila endaweni Kolomna kunazo zonke emlandweni Russia zamabutho empi, Prince Dmitry isinqumo ukulwa emuva umama, naye ethemba ukuthi uzothola ukuze ajezise eMoscow recalcitrant ngenxa yokwenqaba ukuba ikhokhe intela futhi ayeke ukuphishekela yayo ukuzuzwa ubukhosi egcwele.

Zidlamlilo ukulungiselela "ukushaywa big" emiphumeleni kwakuxhomeke Ngokuzayo zamabutho okuzingela, amaTatar ayebekelwe ngokuqinile kakhulu. Akungabazeki ukuthi uma sakwazi ukuqeda kangcono Kulikovo, bomkhankaso ingajezisa ngabe Udlule lalinamandla ezizathwini unya. Ngalo mqondo, ekunqobeni Dmitry Donskoy egqoka uhlamvu amasu, kokuvula Russian isizinda esingokomlando.

Emashumini eminyaka amuva,

Ngo-1980, lapho sigubha iminyaka engu-empini enkulu engamakhulu ayisithupha edlule ke ibuyiselwe isonto Sergiya Radonezhskogo. Ukuze lokhu usuku enesikhathi futhi embukisweni, aphethwe edolobhaneni Monastyrshchino. Izisebenzi eziningi namahlathi ezenziwe kabusha ukubukeka mlando we landscape. Ngemva ukuthola ukuzimela-Russia kohlaka umthetho "Ngo Izinsuku Military Inkazimulo" (1995) wanquma ukusungula inqolobane yomlando "Kulikovo Field". Indawo egcina amagugu esizwe aqhubeka khona nomsebenzi wakhe kwesayensi, ivulekele umphakathi. Isakhiwo yesikhumbuzo kuhlanganisa esiphambanweni yisikhumbuzo ku Green Dubrava, imibukiso yokuzalwa kukaJesu iNcasakazi eCwebileyo, isikhumbuzo Dmitriyu Donskomu alley kanye nenkumbulo futhi Unity.

Odessa Kulikovo Field

Uma niphuma imoto ngesikhathi Odessa sesitimela, cela isakhamuzi sendawo mayelana indawo Kulikovo ensimini, ungaqiniseka ngokuthi ngeke ngikuthume Tula, futhi kubonisa umunwe phezu kocingo. Ngempela, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi cishe zonke iminyaka kweSoviet Union, le ndawo wazala igama inguquko (ekuqaleni nje, khona-ke, lokho akazange acabange, October), zonke walibiza elidala indlela usuphelelwe, efana nenkosi.

Kwasukasukela, iminyaka engamakhulu amabili edlule, endaweni wegalaji uthi Emaphethelweni edolobha. Kube Ngasemdeni ke ka-Porto Franco (namuhla ke yayiyobizwa ngokuthi indawo yezohwebo khulula), imakwe umsele, futhi ngokuvamile esigangeni, eyayisetshenziselwa amasosha front-line Odessa umsebenzi ibutho, ayegqoke iyunifomu mnyama epaulettes abomvu. Iyindawo wajabulela idumela elibuhlungu, ibulawa angcwaba izigebengu isimo. Eduze kwakukhona ejele. Kodwa ngasekupheleni kwekhulu, zonke lezi ukwesaba seziphelile, it is kakhulu ngokushesha asathuthuka, futhi nalo - Odessa. Kulikovo endle kwaba esikhundleni promenades kusihlwa ngisho yokuzijabulisa.

Phakathi neMpi futhi zilekelele lapha Civil yabuye yaqala yokungcwaba, futhi zonke ilandelana. Izisulu zala ukulwa ezisemadolobheni, Haidamaks, okungahleliwe lwabafileyo, abanye emabuthweni nomzimba angaphandle bangcwatshwa Kulikovo ensimini futhi wayekade ukhohlwe. Kukhunjulwe ngo-1967 kuphela namaqhawe inguquko, futhi wenzé lusizi lesikhumbuzo ezimfushane eduze Terminus ye tram 17 th nemizila th 18. Kwandiswa idolobha kude kakhulu kusukela ukuthi umugqa ngengqondo, lapho Kulikovo ensimini kwakusho walo.

Kamuva yayakhiwe iKomiti Party Regional ke waba House of Trade Unions.

Odessa imibuthano

Ukuba yingxenye ezimele Ukraine, Odessa idolobha uhlala ekhuluma ehlukile futhi ogxile ngesiNgisi. Asinakusho ukuthi abantu bakuleli dolobha asekelwe ngazwi linye le "Maidan", kanye basikisela ngenye. Nozwela ihlukaniswe entwasahlobo ezitaladini ngokuvamile ababeqhubela kuwo imihlangano, yemvelo hhayi, ngokuhamba eyayiminingi skirmishes, ikakhulukazi ngamazwi.

Into wukuthi izakhamuzi eningizimu yedolobha (hhayi kuphela kubo) abazange babuzwe ukuthi bathanda noma cha lokho okwenzeka e Kiev. omunye ugcwala umoya lokuqala umoya mahhala isimiso yeningi lothile, abelokhu Odessa abadumile. Kulikovo endle kwaba yindawo lapho abantu abangafuni ukubona izimiso "Abangamakhulu wasezulwini" ngokuthula ukubhikisha. OFakazi ingaqinisekisa ukuthi akukho nolaka isinyathelo izakhamuzi (ikakhulukazi asebekhulile) angawenzanga. Base bema benyukumele, buthule ukhuluma, ukulalela umculo, ukubukela plasma TV enkulukazi, imidlalo, okwakubekelwa yokwethula izindaba Russian. Ngenxa yalesi, abaningi babo babulawe. Bese ishiswa.

Inhlekelele ye-May 2,

Le nguqulo esemthethweni wukuthi ngemuva komdlalo, "Chernomorets" kusukela "Metalist" abasekeli yokushisekela izwe banquma ukuqhuba imashi lapho "amanxusa GRU" akwaziwa (ngomqondo wokuthi akwaziwa kungakhathaliseki ukuthi 'babengabantwana amanxusa GRU) bavulela ngenhlamvu nge namavolovolo. Nokho, kuye kwaba ngisho nabangaphezu yisisulu, asikwazanga ukuthola kubo, ukumboza-up izingubo olele emizimbeni komgandayo ukubhikisha isizwe babengavunyelwe iyiphi amaphoyisa noma odokotela. Kepha bonke wanyamalala endaweni ethile ukuthi sisikisela ukuthi abashonile wangafa ngakho. Khona-ke ukubuthwa kwawo okungalawulwa (ezibonakala) isixuku, ukushayisa ithende endaweni ngesiGreki, ngalapho lendawo lapho ayemaningi "amabutho ububi" okungukuthi, zonke Odessa "antimaydan". Kulikovo samafutha e imizuzu egcwele nolaka izinsizwa behlome ngemibese uphethiloli, amabhodlela epulasitiki kanye nezibhamu. Waxosha ababhikishi House of Trade Unions, kunalokho bayenza iphuzu eliyinhloko plan - kubulawe. Nalapha futhi, ngokuvumelana version olusemthethweni, isisulu ezishile ngokwakho ...