Ithempeli - liyini? Ziyini amathempeli?

Ukuxhumana noNkulunkulu noma amandla aphezulu kufanele kwenzeke endaweni ekhethekile. Le nhloso enhle yenziwa ithempeli. Iyini isonto, ithempeli nomsikashika? Sizokukhuluma ngalokhu esihlokweni esingezansi.

Amasonto angama-Orthodox yobuKristu

EbuKristwini, ikakhulukazi e-Orthodoxy, isonto libizwa ngokuthi isonto. Izakhiwo ezinjalo zenkolo zakhiwa ngokwemithetho ethile. Njengoba wazi, i-Orthodoxy yafika eRussia evela eByzantium, owalandela uMbuso WaseRoma Omkhulu. Amathempeli okuqala aseRussia , abadwebi basendulo abakhileyo, bethatha njengamabandla aseByzantium naseGrisi. Izici eziyinhloko zamasonto angama-Orthodox ngaleso sikhathi futhi manje ziyizixazululo ezilandelayo zokwakha:

1. Isikhala kwanoma yiliphi isonto lihlukaniswe izingxenye ezintathu eziyinhloko - ithempeli ngokwayo, i-altare nompheme.
2. Noma yiliphi isonto lilinganisane mayelana ne-axis.
3. Engxenyeni yayo ephakathi, isonto lobu-Orthodox linamafomu e-cubic.
4. Isonto lihlotshiswe ngendlu ye-semicircular bulbous.
5. Ezingaphakathi nangaphandle zisetshenziswa kabanzi.
6. Izindonga zivame ukuhlotshaniswa ngamanothi.
7. Amafasitela amafushane.
8. Indoda enesizotha, eqinile futhi ecebile, enhle ngaphakathi.

Yakha ngokushesha ngemva kokubhapathizwa, amasonto angamaRussia eRussia ayemkhulu ngempela. Isibonelo yiCathhedral yaseSt. Sophia naseKiev, ithempeli lokuqala laseRussia. Iyini i-cathedral? Yisonto elifanayo, kodwa licebile futhi likhulu kakhulu. Ithempeli elinjalo lalivame ukubhekwa njengeliyinhloko kunoma iyiphi indawo. Kamuva abadwebi baseRussia baqala ukwakha amasonto amancane kakhulu.

Ziyini izindlu zamaSulumane?

Amathempeli amaSulumane abizwa ngokuthi amaMosk. Zibuye zakhiwe ngokwemigodi ethile. I-mosque ejwayelekile inezinto ezilandelayo:

1. Amakholomu ahloselwe ukuqinisa izindonga zangaphandle. Babizwa ngokuthi i-guldast.
2. Izindwangu ezijulile ezindongeni (ama-aivans).
3. Izindlu ezinkulu nezincane.
4. I-patio.

Njengamasonto angama-Orthodox, ama-arches avame ukusetshenziswa emasikweni. Esinye isici sezakhiwo esakhiwa kuzo yizicabha ezinkulu eziqoshiwe, ngokuvamile ezihlotshiswe ngezimbambo zensimbi ezinjengezinkanyezi. Njengoba isithombe sezinto eziphilayo singavunyelwe amathoni angamaSulumane, esikhundleni sezithombe ngaphakathi kwethempeli lamaSulumane kusetshenziswe izingcezu ezisuka ku-Koran. Futhi, ukuhlobisa okunjengokuhlobisa kusetshenziselwa yonke indawo.

I-mosque impela ithempeli elihle kakhulu. Iyini i-minaret? Lesi esinye isici esibophezelayo sakhiwo sehlelo lamaSulumane. Limelela umbhoshongo lapho ama-muezzin abiza amakholwa ukuba athandaze. Kunezakhiwo eziningana ezinjalo emasikini ngayinye.

Amathempeli angamaqaba

Kwenzeka kanjani ithempeli lobuqaba? Iyini ithempeli? Imibuzo eqinisweni ayiyona elula njengoba ingase ibonakale ekuqaleni. Ulwazi mayelana nezakhiwo ezinjalo eRussia cishe alondoloziwe. Iqiniso liwukuthi abalobi bezwe lethu babengama-monks amaningi angamaKristu. Akunakwenzeka ukuthi bayodumisa ubuhle bamahempeli angamaqaba. Kodwa-ke, ukwahlulela yizinsalela zesakhiwo sasendulo esitholwa eduze neKiev, eduze kwamathambo amaningi esilwane atholakala, ithempeli lobuhedeni laliyi-ellipse enezindlu zangemuva ezixubile ezibheke ezinhlangothini zomhlaba.

Ebhekene namarekhodi asaphila abahambeli bezinye izizwe, izindonga zamathempeli angamaqaba zaqotshwa. Ngaphandle, babehlotshiswe ngezithombe eziqoshiwe zonkulunkulu nonkulunkulukazi, kanye nezilwane nabantu. Isikhungo sethempeli lobuqaba kwakuyi-altare. Kwakukhona phambi kwekamelo. Kwakungekho ukushaya ngaphezu kwalo. Emuva kwakuyizithombe zonkulunkulu. Futhi hhayi kuphela okuhle, kodwa nalabo ababesaba. Kwakungenamafasitela ethempelini. Ngakho-ke, kwakukhona njalo ubumnyama obuphakathi ngaphakathi. Uphahla lwethempeli lobuhedeni lwalukwenziwa ngendwangu. Kwakukhona nophahla lwesibili, endaweni ephakeme cishe ingxenye yesithathu yamadonga. Wayekhonza, cishe, ukuvikelwa emvula yabantu abavamile ababeza ethempelini. Iqiniso liwukuthi abapristi kuphela ababengenayo ingaphakathi lethempeli lobuqaba.

Ngakho-ke, sihlolisisile ukuthi kusho ukuthini igama lethempelini ebuhedeni. Lona indawo yemikhosi eyimfihlo nemihlatshelo. Asikho esinye isakhiwo esinjalo esasinda kuze kube yilolu suku. Kodwa-ke, umuntu angacabanga ukuthi amaSlav ayenawo amathempeli ngaphambi kobuKristu nhlobo, futhi aqhuba amasiko awo ngqo ngaphansi kwezulu elivulekile. Kodwa-ke, ubufakazi bokuhamba kwamanye amazwe basho okuphambene nalokho.

Izikhumbuzo-izikhumbuzo

Manje sizocabangela ukuthi yisiphi isikhumbuzo sethempeli. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, amathempeli ezweni lethu athathelwa amasonto angama-Orthodox, okwakushiwo ngenhla. Empeleni, sonke isonto lasendulo liyisikhumbuzo sokwakha. Nokho, empeleni isikhumbuzo singabizwa ithempeli lanamuhla nelanda kwakhiwa. Kodwa kuphela uma ekhishwa ngokuhlonipha umcimbi othile obalulekile. Izikhumbuzo nazo amasonto akhiwe ngenkumbulo yamasosha awele noma abanye abangcwele.

Amathempeli-izikhumbuzo eRussia

E-Russia, kunamathempeli amaningi anjalo. Isibonelo, yiSonto Labo Bonke Osanta e-Kulishki eMoscow, okwakhiwe ngenkumbulo yempi yaseKukokovo. I-monastery yokuqala, eyakhiwe ngesikhathi esithile enhlokodolobha - uSt. Daniel's - nayo iyisikhumbuzo. Yakhiwa ngokuhlonipha uSt. Daniel Stylites.

Ngakho-ke, kusho ukuthini igama lethempeli? Ithempeli liyindawo yokukhulumisana kwabantu noNkulunkulu noma amandla aphezulu, isakhiwo esakhiwe ngothando olukhethekile futhi ngokuhambisana nemigqa ethile yenkolo ethile.