Ivolumu ukulawula uhlelo nokusebenza

zikhona nezilawuli ekhethekile ukuthi lushintshe izilungiselelo umsindo. Ngokusho imvamisa basuke ihlukaniswe yekwentiwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lo division wenziwa ngohlobo isethaphu. I ngokuvamile ibhekwa njengeBhayibheli isilawuli yedijithali. Basuke adalwe izinhlobo ezahlukene yokukhulisa umsindo ube nesiteshi yabo. Ukuze uqonde ukusebenza kwalezi amadivayisi, kubalulekile ukuqonda imininingwane yedivayisi yabo.

Kanjani umlamuli?

Okuyisici esibalulekile ukulawula ubhekwa chips. Ngu nemingcele zabo abasakwazi zingahluka. Uma sicabangela onobuhle professional, lapho has oxhumana ezahlukene angu-100. Ngaphezu kwalokho, Umlawuli khona isilawuli ukuthi ukulungisa Umkhawulo we wensimbi. Njengoba umsindo iinsetjenziswa ukubhekana capacitors. Ku-imodeli elula, banayo afika kwamane. Ngokuvamile ungathola ku Umlawuli capacitors sobumba. imvamisa yabo ngokuvamile eziboniswe kophawu.

Leyo mikhumbi professional capacitors electrolytic ezifakiwe. Conductivity angcono kakhulu, kodwa ezibizayo. Resistors ephethenini ejwayelekile kungabonwa kumayunithi eziyishumi. Ziyahlukahluka wodwa nokukhawulela ukumelana. Leyo mikhumbi elula kungaba ozibongayo ipharamitha e 2 ohms. Resistors nezinkomba enjalo ivamile impela. Ekugcineni, kungxenye yokugcina umlamuli ofanele ubizwe ngonyaka ukukhiya indlela. Ngokuvamile-ke uvezwa njengoMahluleli inkinobho, kodwa kukhona onobuhle nge eziyinkimbinkimbi ukubonisa uhlelo.

Ukusetshenziswa imodeli electronic

Electronic ukulawula ivolumu kumadivayisi cishe zonke umsindo. Guqula oscillations ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene. Ngokuvamile zingatholakala egeleza abalawuli ezikuvumela kungabonakali sokunika umsindo, kodwa kukhona uhlelo ngakanye. Kulokhu, ukushintsha izilungiselelo Kwenziwa igxathu negxathu futhi kakhulu. Esikhathini yokuqophela, kukhona idivayisi multi-umzila for labathaki bamafutha. Bavumela ukulungisa ezihlukahlukene nemiphumela. Uma sicabangela elihlangene electronic control ivolumu, kakhulu kulesi simo incike ohlelweni isikhulumi.

isilawuli Assembly

Ukuqoqa ukulawula ivolumu ngezandla zakho ukuba amplifier amandla isilinganiso, i-chip kuyodingeka okungenani 8 izingcezu. Transistors ngoba kungcono ukusebenzisa okuguquguqukayo. Ngokuvamile basuke esitolo ibhalwe ukuthi "2NN". Ukumelana Inkomba liphuza endiza eduze 3 ohms. Abalawuli ngokuyisisekelo encenga komugqa. Bavumela ngempela ngokushelela ukushintsha umkhawulo imvamisa. I amplitude we ukuphazamiseka kuzoncika kuphela capacitors.

Ukuze uthole Umlawuli evamile kungaba ukuqinisekisa ezintathu zabo. LED kungasetshenziswa kuphela umbhanqwana rectifiers. Kwezinye izimo, ukuze wenze control ivolumu ngezandla zakho, ngaphezu ekuqaleni iketango belulekwa ukusebenzisa diode zener. Lo msuka kwandisa kakhulu operability we resistors futhi somthetho iyonke.

kanjani nabalawuli for headphones?

Ivolumu ukulawula i-headphone has capacitors ezimbili kuphela. A lolwehlukanisa zinsizakuphila kusengathiwa throughput abampofu. Esiginali e onobuhle eziningi yinde. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi transistors kungukuthi eyenzelwe ukusebenza high. Kwezinye onobuhle izibambo kukhona isethi resonators. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene futhi abe izilungiselelo zayo. Ngokuvamile ungathola asebenza ngebhethri zinhlayiya. Ukumelana ipharamitha befinyelela 4 ohms. Futhi, analogs ferrite zingamelana ohms 2 kuphela. Ixhunyiwe kwi-control ivolumu headphones nesikhulumi usebenzisa mpintsha.

Isikimu Ithoni Control

Izilawuli Ithoni nevolumu isilawuli asebenza. Ifanele kungenxa amandla ezahlukene yokukhulisa umsindo. I diodes kulokhu asethwe ngempela ezingavamile. Rectifiers itholakala kuphela onobuhle lapho transistors kukhona izingcezu okungenani ezintathu. I resistors Amadivayisi ezifakwe nekukumakwa "BC". Bandwidth kubo kuhle, kodwa ebucayi okushisa aphakeme ukuphi. Capacitors e onobuhle abaningi okuguquguqukayo. Linganisa ukumelana ithoni Izilawuli nevolumu labo abazokwazi withstanding 3 ohms. Imodeli standard has a slot "PPA" izindandatho evamile. Kuliminyanise nge Resistor exhunywe kuphela ngokusebenzisa Converter.

Indlela ulungiselele isilawuli ukuze "windose"?

Ukuqalisa isilawuli isethaphu ulula. Kuyinto isithonjana ukhetho inkinobho "Qala". Ukuchofoza kanye ne inkinobho kwesokunxele, ungakwazi ukushintsha umkhawulo imvamisa. Kwezinye izimo, yomsebenzisi oshiwo abakwazi ukubona isithonjana. Lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa yokuthi Windows ukulawula ivolumu akangeziwe endaweni isaziso. Ngokuvamile, it is adluliselwe ngokuzenzakalelayo imodi yesistimu yokusebenza. Nokho, lo msebenzi kungenziwa ngesandla ngokusebenzisa control panel. Futhi, isizathu kungase kungabi bikho lwefayela Sndvol.exe. Kulokhu, kubalulekile ukuba ulondoloze ikhophi kukhompyutha yakho.

amapharamitha stereoregulyatorov

Noise sibalo banayo nxazonke 70 dB. Sepharamitha ukuhlanekezela nonlinear ngokuvamile kuba 0,001%. Operating imvamisa uhla kusuka 0 kuya 10000 Hz. Voltage okokufaka zedivayisi kuyinto 0.5 V Ngo o uhle eziningi, nabaqondisi ezifakiwe emuva. I voltage okukhiphayo kulokhu kufanele kube khona abangaphezu kuka-0.5 V Umlawuli stereo control ivolumu ngokuvamile has ishayela. Iyunithi enikeza amandla ngokusebenzisa voltage kuze 15 V

Mics nabalawuli

Microphone nge control ivolumu namuhla zedivayisi evamile ephathwayo, chip in kuvamise uchungechunge "MK22". Likhono amamodeli ube phezulu ngokwanele, isiginali luhamba kahle. Esikhathini inqubo ejwayelekile, kukhona diodes ezimbili. Omunye wabo, ngokuvamile etholakala eduze indlela yokukhiya insimbi uyenze. Capacitors ezifakiwe ngezimiso ezahlukene. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze ukulawula nobuningi ezinobukhulu obuhlukahlukene.

Ukumelana baye balondoloza isilinganiso afika ku 4 ohms. I capacitors e isilawuli kumele kuphela electrolytic. Kulokhu, ngeke ukunikeza umfutho omkhulu ukuze ukuzwela zedivayisi. Resistors kule scheme standard has amayunithi eziyisishiyagalombili. Lezi isilinganiso impedance inakekelwa at 3 ohms. Ngokushesha lo mshini ukukhiya we isilawuli ivolumu kuyinto isilawuli.

Isikimu pushbutton isilawuli

isilawuli Pushbutton ivolumu (scheme kukhonjisiwe ngezansi) kuhlukile namanye amadivayisi ukuthi diodes ahlelwe ngazimbili. Ngenxa yalokho, i-chip pretty masinyane kutshela i-Resistor. Rectifiers e onobuhle eziningi azitholakali, futhi lokhu kufanele kucatshangelwe. Capacitors iphethini ejwayelekile Ilungiselelwe amayunithi ezintathu. I ukumelana baqhubeka ngesikhathi esiphezulu 2 ohms. Isibalo umsindo imifanekiso anjalo esikhathini ovamile emhlabeni 50 dB.

Inkomba ukuhlanekezela nonlinear yena, ilingana 0,002%. Phakathi amaphutha Kumele kuqashelwe ezinye izinkinga bokungafani. Lokhu kungenxa ibanga elincane yokusebenza amaza. Kwezinye izimo, kunengqondo ukufaka-amplifier nge voltage okukhulu kuka-15 V Kulokhu, izilungiselelo umsindo kuyokhula.

Izilawuli yokwenziwa

Passive ukulawula ncwadi lihlukile kwamanye amadivayisi e ukuthi senziwa multi-umzila. Ukumelana kubo ngokwesilinganiso igcinwe ezingeni 3 ohms. izindlela Ukukhiya amiswa ejwayelekile. abalawuli ayatholakala kuphela digital ngokulandelana. Nale umsindo stereo kudivayisi ukuvumelanisa uthola esinembile. Ngakho, le nkinga nge bokungafani ubalekela ngokwalo.

Resistors ayatholakala onobuhle eziningi ezifana ilungiswe. Isici esiphawulekayo onobuhle professional kuyinto khona ngalo ingaphakathi. I voltage okukhiphayo kwalesi sakhi 8 uyakwazi ukufinyelela B. Ezimweni eziningi, basuke efakwe kule abalawuli uhlobo asebenza ngebhethri. Capacitors inqubo ejwayelekile, kunezinhlobo ezimbili. Chip ohlelweni yakhelwe 8 izingcezu.

Ukusetshenziswa onobuhle asebenzayo

Active control ivolumu livame ukubhekisela abamukelayo, amandla ingeqi 5 V. Le resistors kukhona ukumelana mayelana 4 ohms. Quartz resonators ezifakiwe. Isici esiphawulekayo lezi abalawuli kungenziwa ngokuthi i edluliselwe mkhosi. ESIKLINYAYO ngokuvamile amadivayisi azisetshenziswa. Yokukhulisa umsindo kuthiwa ukuhlela uhlobo sisebenza kuphela. Kule ndaba, isidingo rectifiers lingekho. amadivaysi Bonisa isistimu ingakwazi ukuhlangabezana onhlobonhlobo. Ivolumu kungahlali isilawuli enjalo zamadivayisi eselula.

Isikimu isilawuli kuhlanganiswe

ivolumu Kuhlanganiswe lokulawula (scheme kukhonjisiwe ngezansi) capacitors ayinakho ezingaphezu kuka izingcezu ezinhlanu. Transistors nge hlobo okuguquguqukayo kuphela lingasetshenziswa. Komkhawulokudonsa kuzo impela high. Ukumelana ngokwesilinganiso igcinwe ezingeni 3 ohms. Transistors lwento uhlelo anikezwa. Stabilizers kuthiwa ukuhlela onobuhle kuphela okhokhelwayo. Reserve imvamisa abazi idlule 4000 Hz.

Kanjani tonkompensirovanny Regulator?

Nabalawuli yalolu hlobo ngokuyinhloko asetshenziswa kumasistimu stereo. Uhlelo zedivayisi silula. I chip sensimbi uchungechunge "KP2". Ngokushesha isilawuli has uhlobo lwento. eyodwa kuphela Transistor isetshenziswa. It ikhona eduze chip.

Capacitors zonke babe ezimbili. Ngokuvamile ungathola ncamashi uhlobo electrolyte. amandla Okuzisholo bakwazi ukumelana at 16 V. Nokho, isignali okukhipha zedivayisi beqonda kuhle ezimbi. Resistors e umlamuli ayinakho engaphezu kwemihlanu. Basuke bonke setha nge imvamisa cutoff ka mayelana 3000 Hz.

onobuhle professional

Izilawuli zobuchwepheshe ivolumu amadivayisi abe multi-umzila. Njengoba sazi lokhu, ke kuyadingeka ukuze operation evamile kusilungisi. Kuvamise eduze epholisayo. Uhlelo yakhelwe ukulayisha 8 izingcezu. Mshini elikhiyayo kwenziwa shelwe apharathasi ezivamile. kudivayisi ifinyelela esiphezulu umsindo sibalo 55 dB. Inkomba ukuhlanekezela nonlinear kwezinye izimo uyakwazi idlule 0,001%.

Imvamisa yokusebenza ububanzi ngokwesilinganiso azungeze 2000 Hz. Njengoba izinkinga ukufana amaqhinga anjalo akuvamile ukuzwa. Lokukhipha kudivayisi voltage elilingana 0.5 V Resistor ngabodwa ukumelana ukumelana esiphezulu 3 ohms. Converters ohlelweni anikezwa futhi anamekwe ebhodini kuphela ngokusebenzisa mpintsha. Capacitors e imodeli ejwayelekile, zikhona mayelana ezintathu amayunithi. Ziyakwazi eyanele ukuze akwazi ukubhekana izimpawu ezihlukahlukene. Eduze kudivayisi isokhethi kuyadingeka indandatho ferrite.

Electronic Izilawuli ithoni

Zonke abalawuli ngogesi kukhona icwecwe ngobukhulu, futhi voltage umkhawulo ukumelana ezinkulu. Kulokhu, abakwazi ukusebenza ngaphandle amandla. Stabilizers ngokuvamile asetshenziselwa linear kuphela. Circuit diodes zitholakala nje ngemuva ebhodini.

Ukuhlanekezelwa idivayisi ukuyiveza ngenxa resistors. Nge imvamisa cutoff umlamuli kokusisiza ukuba sibhekane nesimo stabilizers. Rectifiers ezifakiwe kukalutshwana kakhulu. Amandla ukusetshenziswa kwalezi amadivayisi kuphezulu, futhi akudingeki converters. Bheka lezi amadivayisi mixer kungaba kaningi.