Iyini inkathi yokuqinisekisa yamamitha kagesi eRussia?

Kuze kube yamuva, into efana nokuqinisekiswa kwemitha kagesi, yaziwa kuphela kumbuthano omncane wabantu. Muva nje, konke kushintshile, manje ngale nqubo, cishe yonke into ibalulekile: izinhloko zezinhlangano ezinkulu nezincane, abanikazi bezinsizakalo zemoto, ama-studios obuhle, izitolo kanye nabantu abazimele.

Izindleko ezilokhu zikhuphuka zezinsiza zamandla ziye zadinga ukwethulwa kombuso wokuqapha ngokucophelela kwe-akhawunti kagesi esetshenzisiwe. Ukuze uxazulule le nkinga, ngoJuni 2008, uMthetho we-Federal No. 102 "Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukulingana kwezilinganiso" kusayinwe, ngokusho ukuthi yiziphi izinhlelo zokulinganisa ezihambisana nokuqinisekiswa. Ukwengeza, umthetho ubeka ukuguqulwa okubalulekile kwamadivaysi omitha amadala amasha okudingeka ahlolwe (isikhathi sokuhlola amamitha kagesi eRussia kunqunywe ngokuqondile ku-passport yobuchwepheshe yedivayisi).

Izinto zokusebenza zokubalwa kwegesi yindawo yomnikazi wesakhiwo, kanye namanye amamitha ahlukene wokusetshenziswa kwemithombo yomphakathi. Kulesi sixhumanisi, ukubuyiswa, ukulungiswa nezinye izinto ezisetshenziselwa ukugcinwa kwedivayisi yokurekhoda efulethini, kufaka phakathi uma ifakwe ngaphandle kwemingcele yayo, kwenziwa ngenani lomnikazi. Yonke imisebenzi yenziwa emnyangweni wezemigomo yesifunda, njengoba ivumelene kusengaphambili usuku lokulethwa kwedivayisi yokufunda nokuqinisekisa.

Uma izindlu zikamasipala, khona-ke umthwalo wokubuyisela indawo, ukugcinwa kwesondlo kanye nezinye izinto zilawulwa ngumasipala.

Okushiwo ngumthetho

Ukuqinisekisa uchungechunge lwezinqubo ezenziwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kwedivaysi nokuhambisana kwayo nezidingo zamatshe. Esiphakamisweni sikahulumeni No. 250 ka-Ephreli 20, 2010 kukhona irejista yezinsimbi zokulinganisa ezilawulwa yiminyango kahulumeni yemetrology evunyelwe ngokuhambisana nayo yonke imithetho ekuhlinzekeni ukulingana kwezilinganiso. Isikhathi sokuqinisekisa samamitha wamandla kagesi anqunyelwe ngokuqondile emapasipoti wezinto zokusebenza.

Imishini efakwe ezindlini zokubeka izindleko ngenani legesi elisetshenzisiwe, elisetshenziselwa ukubalwa kwezimali zokusiza, kufakwe kulolu hlu.

Ngamanye amazwi, ukuqinisekiswa yisitifiketi esisemthethweni senkampani evunyelwe mayelana nokufaneleka kwedivayisi ukuze kusetshenziswe okuqhubekayo njengedivayisi yokulinganisa.

Isikhathi sokuhlola amamitha

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zokuqinisekisa:

• Okuyinhloko, eyenziwa ngumenzi ngaphambi kokuba kusetshenziswe imishini (noma ngemuva kokulungisa).
• Isikhathi esizayo, senziwa ngenkathi kusetshenziswe idivayisi ngokuhambisana nesikhathi sokulinganisela.

Ingabe unesithakazelo sendlela yokuthola isikhathi sokuqinisekisa komitha kagesi? Ngenguqulo ngayinye yedivayisi, isikhathi sayo sokuhlola siyinqunyiwe, ngesikhathi esifanayo ukufundwa kwayo kubonakala sengathi kuyasebenza futhi kuyasebenza. Ngakho-ke, yimiphi imigomo yokuqinisekisa amamitha kagesi eRussia?

• Ukuze kusetshenziswe imishini yemishini nge-discs, lesi sikhathi asikwazi ukudlula iminyaka engu-8.
• Ngedivayisi yokulinganisa i-elekthronikhi, lesi sikhathi sineminyaka eyi-16, kuye ngokuthi imodeli. Isibonelo, isikhathi sokuqinisekisa samamitha kagesi "I-Mercury" ihluka kusukela eminyakeni engu-6 ukuya kweyishumi.

Ngemuva kokuhlola isevisi yesimiso esiphakamweni semitha yamagesi, uphawu lubekwe noma isitifiketi sokuqinisekisa sikhishwe.

Izinkomba zokuqinisekisa okungavamile

Uma umnikazi enezinsolo mayelana nokufundwa kwe-overestimated yedivayisi yokulinganisa, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukuqinisekiswa kwamamitha kagesi kubhalisiwe kwisitifiketi sokusebenza, inqubo ingasenziwa. Kodwa ngaphambi kokubuyela kubasebenzi bezinsizakalo zokuqinisekisa, kuyadingeka ukuba wazi ukuthi inqubo yezenzo:

• Qinisekisa ikhwalithi yokufakwa kwe-wiring.
• Mema ummeli womnyango wokuthengisa endlini ukuba abhalise ukudluliswa kwedatha yemitha yokuqinisekisa.
• Lungiselela ukuhlola ukukhokhela ugesi.

Ukuqinisekiswa okungajwayelekile komitha kagesi kungenziwa ngezinye izizathu:

• Uma ulahlekelwa isitifiketi sokuqinisekisa.
• Lapho senza izilungiselelo zamamitha nokulungiswa.
• Uma kushintshaniswa imishini yasendulo ngenye entsha.

Kwabaningi abanikazi befulegi ukuhlola amamitha kagesi kuye kwaba inkinga nakanjani. Iningi lamadivaysi omdala amadala, ngokusho kwesiphetho sezinsizakalo zemetrological, ayifanele ukuqhutshwa phambili. Ngokusho komthetho, kulokhu kunendlela eyodwa kuphela yokuphuma - ukushintshwa kwemitha emdala ngeyomunye. Kamuva kubalulekile ukuthi ungakhohlwa isikhathi sokuqinisekisa samamitha kagesi.

Izizathu zokufaka esikhundleni semitha

Kunezizathu eziningi zokuthi kungani kubalulekile ukufaka esikhundleni sedivaysi endala ngenye entsha:

• Idivayisi ene disk engenzi lutho noma engasebenzi.
• Izinsiza ezinezibonakaliso ezingalungile noma inkomba.
• Idivayisi enecala elimelekile.
• Idivayisi ngaphandle kokuqinisekiswa kwesimo se-uphawu.

Ngakho-ke, uma kuphumela ekuqinisekiseni, idivayisi itholakale ingakufanelekele ukusebenza okuqhubekayo, kuyadingeka ukwenza indawo.

Izigaba nezindleko zokuqinisekisa

Njengoba usungulwe zonke izinqubo kanye nesisebenzi sekampani yokunikezela amandla, ungaqhubeka nenqubo uqobo, okungenziwa ngezindlela eziningi.

Emnyangweni wezinsizakalo zezinsimbi noma noma yiyiphi enye i-laboratory egunyaziwe, umnikazi wedivaysi ayoyikhetha. Esikhathini kuyadingeka:

1. Hlela isikhathi sokulethwa kwemitha.
2. Isikhathi sokuhlola samamitha kagesi sisuka ezinsukwini ezingu-14 kuya kwezingu-28.
3. Cacisa izindleko zenqubo:

• Isigaba esisodwa, isampula yokufakelwa - ama-ruble angu-204.
• Idivaysi yesigaba esithathu se-model edala ne-disk - ruble angu-338.
• I-electronic yesimanje (isigaba esisodwa) - ama-ruble angu-700.
• I-electronic phase-phase - 859 ruble.

Izinsizakalo eziphuthumayo

• Ukuqinisekiswa kwezinsuku ezingu-5 - isamba semali esilinganiselwe + 25%.
• Izinsuku ezingu-3 - intela eyisisekelo + 50%.
• Usuku olungu-1 - intela eyisisekelo + 100%.

Isevisi yokudlela

Ukuze uqinisekise endaweni yedivayisi ngaphandle kokukhipha kuyadingeka ukukhipha isicelo kwinhlangano egunyaziwe. Ngemuva kwalokho, isikhulu sezinsizakalo eziqinisekisiwe esizothunyelwa kumasipala sizothunyelwa kumnikazi endlini, esenza wonke umsebenzi endaweni lapho isebenzisa izinga eliphathekayo. Izindleko zixoxwa ngabanye.

Ukhetho lwesibili luvame kakhulu, ngoba luyinkimbinkimbi encane, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo lusebenza. Ngokuqinisekiswa okuphephile, i-CCM inikeza umnikazi idokhumenti ngenothi lokuhambisana nokukhombisa isikhathi esisha sokuhlola amamitha kagesi. Uma umphumela ungalungile, idokhumenti ikhishwe ibonisa ukuthi imitha ayifanelekile. Ukuze ufake imitha entsha uzodinga ukumema kabusha isazi senhlangano yokulondoloza amandla ezokwenza umsebenzi futhi wenze isenzo ngamakhophi amabili. Omunye uhlala enkampanini, ikhophi yesibili ivela kumnikazi wemishini.

Ingabe kukhona umthwalo wokungaqiniseki

Ngokuphathelene nomnikazi, akukho zijeziso ezibekwa ukuphulwa kokuqinisekisa kwamamitha noma isikhathi sokufaka esikhundleni. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, ngemuva kokuphelelwa yisikhathi sokuqinisekisa, imitha ibhekwa njengingafanelanga ukubalwa, futhi imali yokugesi izokhokhiswa ngokuhambisana nemigomo ebekiwe eyedlula kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwangempela.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma inhlangano yokulondoloza amandla isungula ukuthi imitha iphelelwe yisikhathi, umsebenzisi uzokhokhiswa ukusetshenziswa okungagunyaziwe kagesi futhi i-akhawunti izohlelwa kabusha kusukela ngosuku lokuqinisekisa kwangaphambilini.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi nokukhumbula ukuthi imitha kufanele ithathelwe endaweni engakapheli inyanga kamuva. Esikhathini sokuqala sokuqala, inani legesi libalwe ngesisekelo somthamo wamandla wenyanga wamandla osetshenzisiwe, noma ngokusho kwemingcele yendawo yemitha-indlu, bese ngokuvumelana nesilinganiso.