Izazi - ubani lo? Ifilosofi esingumGreki nabalandeli bakhe

Uyazi into efana izazi? Muva nje leli gama liye laqala ukuzwakala ezingasho. Futhi njalo asho kusayithi. Yingakho inshokutsi Umsuka wegama elithi kuyafaneleka ukukhuluma kabanzi.

EsingumGreki kanye Epikhuru

Ku-III. BC. e. eGreece, e-Athens, kwakukhona umuntu ngegama esingumGreki. Wayengumuntu ubuntu enemisebenzi kakhulu. Kusukela esemncane umxhwele namafilosofi yakhe ehlukahlukene. Nokho, kamuva, wathi engenalwazi futhi self-wafundisa, kodwa akusilo ehambisana iqiniso. Ngokusho ofakazi, esingumGreki kwaba indoda ethile efundile, abanalo eliphakeme izindinganiso zokuziphatha, abakhwelwe ngisho omnene futhi uthanda indlela elula yokuphila.

Lapho ngineminyaka engu-32, wenza imfundiso yakhe siqu zefilosofi, futhi kamuva eyasungulwa isikole lapho ingadi esikhulu shady yathengwa e-Athens. Lesi sikole waziwa ngokuthi "Garden of esingumGreki" futhi kwadingeka abafundi abaningi. Empeleni, izazi - umfundi futhi umlandeli esingumGreki. Zonke nabasekeli babo eziye zaya kulesi sikole, uthisha wabizela "Izazi zefilosofi yensimu." Kwakuyisikhathi hlobo luni lomphakathi lapho wabusa nesizotha, akukho frills futhi wobungane. Ngaphambi kokungena "Garden" kwaba imbiza yamanzi bese wendlala ikhekhe ukupha isivakashi isinkwa - izimpawu yini umuntu ngaphakathi lo pilo udinga impela kancane.

nefilosofi izazi

Philosophy of esingumGreki kungenziwa ngokuthi ungumuntu othanda izinto ezibonakalayo: akazange aqaphele onkulunkulu, babenqaba ukuthi sikhona yokunqunyelwa kusengaphambili noma ukudalelwa, ithathwa njengendlela lilungelo lesintfu lekutfola yokuzikhethela. Inqubomgomo ebalulekile lisezingeni le "Garden of esingumGreki" ezamenyezelwa ubumnandi. Kodwa akulona uhlobo nhlobo nenhlamba futhi lula kwake kwaqondwa ngu iningi amaGreki, eholwa ngu okuyinto.

EsingumGreki wafundisa ukuthi ukuze uthole ukwaneliseka kwangempela ekuphileni, kudingeka ubeke umkhawulo izifiso zakho kanye nezidingo, futhi lokhu ngokunembile ukuhlakanipha nokuqonda ukuphila okujabulisayo. Izazi - indoda uyaqonda ukuthi injabulo main - kungukuphila uqobo futhi engekho ukuhlupheka. Abantu ngokweqile nabahahayo, lo nzima kangakanani ukuze sithole injabulo futhi ngokushesha base lahlwa ngokwabo ukuba esiphakade Ukunganeliseki nokwesaba.

I ukuhlanekezela izimfundiso esingumGreki

Ngemva kwalokho, imicabango esingumGreki abangu kakhulu zonakaliswa eRoma. "Epicureanism" ezikhundleni ukhiye abe ezahlukene kusukela imibono umsunguli wayo, futhi eduze okuthiwa "hedonism". Lokhu wahlanekezela izimfundiso esingumGreki beza ezinsukwini zethu. abantu Modern ngokuvamile qiniseka ukuthi izazi - nguye uyazicabangela emihle kakhulu injabulo yakho siqu futhi kukhulisa eziphilayo zokugcina immoderately, okuvumela wena zonke izinhlobo ukweqisa.

Futhi kusukela namuhla kunabantu abaningi emhlabeni, ungase ucabange ukuthi izwe namuhla ethuthuka ngokuvumelana nezimfundiso esingumGreki, eqinisweni yonke indawo ebusa hedonism. Eqinisweni, kule emphakathini wanamuhla useduze eRoma lasendulo inkathi ukwehla yayo. Kuyaziwa emlandweni ukuthi, ekugcineni, inkohlakalo okwandile Ukweqisa Roma kwaholela umbuso kanye-omkhulu ekuweni ephelele nasekubhujisweni.

abalandeli odumile esingumGreki

imibono esingumGreki sika yayithandwa kakhulu futhi yayigcizelela sithole okuningi abasekeli nabalandeli. esikoleni sakhe sekuneminyaka cishe kwengu-600. Phakathi abasekeli owaziwa imibono ka esingumGreki - Tit Lukretsy Carus, owabhala le nkondlo adumile "On the Umhlobo Izinto", okuyinto kudlale indima enkulu kuleli popularization of Epicureanism.

Epicureanism zazandile ikakhulukazi Yempucuko. Ithonya izimfundiso esingumGreki usukela emisebenzini kwezincwadi Rabelais, Lorenzo Valla, Raimondi nabanye. Ngemva kwalokho, abasekeli sefilosofi babe Gassendi, Fontenelle, d'Holbach, La Mettrie, nezinye ongqondongqondo.