Izinzuzo imindeni emikhulu. Isixazululo senkinga phakathi kohlaka lomthetho Russian

Esikhathini umthetho Russian Federation, ucabangela udaba tekwesekela imindeni enezingane eziningi, umqondo wegama elithi "umama onezingane eziningi." Umama wezingane eziningi ibhekwa owesifazane owayeshushumbisa at siqu sakhe Bole onezingane ezintathu, ukuthi aseqeli iminyaka engu-18.

Izinzuzo emindenini emikhulu zinikezwa uMthetho Federal N 81 "Ngo izinzuzo State izakhamuzi nezingane" kusukela ngonyaka 19.05.95. Ngokusho Article 15 yoMthetho umama kwezingane eziningi enikeziwe usizo lwezimali ngesimo isabelo nyangazonke, ekhokhwa isikhathi selivu sabazali (uyasho ingane iminyaka nesigamu ukufeza). Leli bhukwana inenani sokuboshwa ukubaluleka amaholo isethwe futhi ezingeni zomthetho. On inani inzuzo akuphazamisi isibalo sezingane wanakekela wenziwa.

Kusukela ezinsukwini zeSoviet Union abangu umthetho imihlomulo yempesheni omama ezinesimo ezinkulu. Lokhu kuqala kwenziwe uMthetho wase-USSR ka 14.07.1956 ngonyaka. Esikhathini umthetho Russian, lezi zilinganiso, kuye kwasungulwa imithetho "Ngo State Izimpesheni" futhi "Ngo zabasebenzi impesheni". Umama wezingane eziningi unelungelo nokuqokwa impesheni zabasebenzi ngesikhathi kweminyaka engamashumi amahlanu ubudala. Kuyadingeka ukuthi izingane ezinhlanu noma ngaphezulu, imfundo sabo ngqo ye wezingane eziningi kufanele bakwenze ukufeza zonke iminyaka eyisishiyagalombili. isikhathi Umshwalense kufanele ube neminyaka engu-15 noma ngaphezulu. In the ukungabikho isevisi ezidingekayo yempesheni, impesheni sivunyiwe nsuku jikelele. Endaweni ehlukile, inikeza izinzuzo emindenini emikhulu abahlala ezindaweni zasemakhaya. Omama zemindeni ezinkulu, kokuba ezele nezingane ezinhlanu futhi ngibakhuphule iminyaka engu okungenani eziyisishiyagalombili, waze wathatha umhlala eneminyaka engu-eminyakeni engu-50.

Kungakhathaliseki indawo lapho unina eziphilayo wezingane eziningi, ukuthi anikezwe ilungelo ukusebenza, ukuhlinzeka umsebenzi ngeviki njengendlela izinsuku 2.5 noma 2. Leli lungelo sivunyiwe ngesicelo omama kakhulu futhi lelo yilungelo eliqinisekiswe komthetho wezabasebenzi.

Futhi izinzuzo emindenini emikhulu baseMoscow, ekutholakaleni izingane ezingaphezu kwezintathu. Lezi imindeni zibhaliswe umkhandlu wesifunda, amalungelo abo ziqinisekiswa Ukukhishwa ungubani ekhethekile umkhaya omkhulu. Lapho, ungacacisa yini izinzuzo ifakwa emindenini emikhulu.

Uhlu izinzuzo kuhlanganisa travel khulula on izithuthi zomphakathi kwezingane, ukunciphisa amanani ukukhokhela izindlu kanye nezinsizakalo zomphakathi, ukunikezwa ukudla mahhala futhi iyunifomu, ivikelwe ilungelo kuqala ukungena zasenkulisa, ukuvakasha elingezayo nemibukiso, iminyuziyamu.

Umthwalo yokukhokha Umbuso amasevisi ngemindeni nezingane ezintathu kuyehla ngo-30%, izinzuzo emindenini emikhulu nezingane 4-6 kuze ku-50% isinxephezelo, kanye nomndeni nge 7 izingane kakade ethola amaphesenti ayikhulu isinxephezelo yokukhokha. Ukuze imindeni emikhulu enikeziwe 50% - isaphulelo lapho ukhokhela efonini yakho. Emikhayeni nezingane ezinhlanu ukunikeza isinxephezelo kuhambeke ezokuthutha zomphakathi abanayo ngabazali.

Nge ukwamukelwa yomthetho Federal ukuhlinzeka izinzuzo emindenini emikhulu, lonke eziyinkimbinkimbi zokweseka uhulumeni kuye kwakhiwa futhi benziwe idokhumenti olulodwa. Icaciswe ezibhekwayo kunqunywa khona emkhayeni omkhulu, owawuthi isibalo sezingane abantu abathathu, iminyaka yabo kukhawulwe iminyaka engu-18 (kwezinye izimo, lenyuka engu-23). Kulayini inqubo ukuhlinzeka izinzuzo uma ushiya abazali umhlalaphansi.

Lokhu indlela abantu abakhuliswe ngayo uMthetho nokunakekela izingane emikhayeni ezinkulu ulinganiswa imisebenzi yezokwelapha futhi ezemfundo, nokukhokhwa abazali ukunikeza, ngokulandelana, esinikela ukunakekelwa ngqo izingane. Amacala enziwa kuze kulandwe encane kunawo wonke umntwana eyishumi nesithupha ubudala futhi ube amaholo.

Ikakhulukazi eMthethweni owanikezwa ukubeka ukuhlinzekwa izinzuzo ekuhlinzekweni ukubolekisa nezezindlu, ngezidingo, ezempilo kanye nemfundo.