AmamaRashiya anezingane eziningi: isimo kanye nezinzuzo

Owesifazane udalwe ngokwemvelo ukuze abe ngumama. Kodwa isimanjemanje senze izimo zayo futhi eziningi zixazululwa eyodwa, ezingaphezu kwezingane ezimbili. Kodwa omama abedlule bezingane eziningi kakhulu babesesimweni sezinto.

Umbuso awuzange njalo usekele ubuntwana kanye nomama. Kwakukhona izikhathi lapho abazali behlala khona ngangokunokwenzeka, kepha kwakunabantwana abaningi emindenini yabo.

Izingane eziningi - amalungelo amaningi

Ukukhulisa izingane akuyona inqubo elula, kudinga amandla amakhulu okuziphatha futhi, yebo, izindleko. Ngezinye izikhathi kunzima ukukhulisa ingane eyodwa noma ezimbili futhi ubanikeze konke ukuthuthukiswa okuhle. Yini esingayisho ngemindeni lapho izingane zingabantu abathathu noma ngaphezulu.

Imindeni enjalo isekelwa yizwe ezingeni lezomthetho. Abazali banelungelo losizo oluthile.

E-Russian Federation, kwenziwa okuningi ukusekela isifiso sowesifazane sokubeletha izingane eziningi ngangokunokwenzeka. Emva kwakho konke, uma uqhathanisa izibalo zokufa nokuzala, okwangaphambili kucacile ngaphambi kwesibili.

Ngakho-ke, uhulumeni waseRussia Federation uye wakhipha imithetho eminingi futhi uye wakhuthaza ukukhuthazwa kokubeletha.

Ubani umama omkhulu kangaka

Umama wezingane eziningi eRussia owesifazane obeletha noma okhuliswa izingane ezintathu noma ngaphezulu.

Kodwa kunenye ye-nuance. Uma okungenani ingane eyodwa igcwele iminyaka engu-18 ubudala, kanti izingane ezincane zingaphansi kwezingu-3, bese owesifazane ehluleka ukubhekwa njengengane enkulu. Ngakho-ke, wonke amalungelo namalungelo akhona akhanseliwe.

Ubudala bunwetshwa eminyakeni engama-23 uma kufundiswa izingane esikhungweni sokuqeqeshwa esikhwameni esigcwele noma uma ingane ibhalwa ebuthweni. Kulesi simo, amalungelo kanye nezinzuzo zigcinwa lapho kunikezwa isitifiketi esikhungweni semfundo noma ehhovisi lokubhalisa kanye nokubhaliswa kwezempi.

Kodwa lo mthetho awusebenzi ngokuphelele kuzo zonke izifunda ze-Russian Federation. Ngokwesibonelo, eMoscow, umama angabhekwa njengenkulu uma kunezingane ezintathu noma ngaphezulu ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-16. Ubudala buyandiswa kuze kube yiminyaka engu-18 uma kwenziwa ucwaningo noma isevisi ebuthweni.

Izinkokhelo zezimali

Abomama abanezingane eziningi bathola izinkokhelo ezithile zemali ezivela embusweni, okubizwa ukuthi zizosiza abazali ukuba banikeze izingane zabo konke abakudingayo. Phakathi kwazo kukhona okulandelayo:

1. Lapho ingane yesibili noma ngaphezulu izalwa emndenini, abazali bahola ukukhokhelwa nyangazonke kwama-ruble angu-5153.
2. Izinkokhelo ezikhokhwa ngokwezimali ezikhokhelwayo ezihambisana nezindinganiso eziphakeme zokuphila. Ikhokhelwa ama-ruble angu-600. Ngomntwana ngamunye, uma umndeni unezingane ezingu-3-4, ne-ruble 750. Uma kunezingane ezinhlanu noma ngaphezulu. Izinkokhelo zenziwa iminyaka engu-16. Kuze kube ngu-18 bakhokhwa ingane efunde esikhungweni semfundo.
3. Uma abazali banezingane ezinhlanu noma ngaphezulu ezithembele kuzo, banelungelo lokukhokha isinxephezelo sama-ruble angu-900.
4. Izingane ezincane kakhulu, ezineminyaka engama-3 ubudala, zikhokhwa isinxephezelo sokudla kwabantwana njalo ngenyanga ngenani lama-ruble angu-675.
5. Izinkokhelo zezinsiza zomphakathi zifaka phakathi izinkokhelo kumama omkhulu. Ngakho-ke, uma umndeni unezingane ezingu-3-4, isinxephezelo nyangazonke sama-ruble angu-522. Uma kunabantwana abahlanu noma ngaphezulu, isamba senxephezelo senyuke sibe yi-rubeni ayi-1044.
6. Uma kukhona ifoni ehlala kuyo endlini lapho umkhaya omkhulu uhlala khona, imali yokusetshenziswa kwayo ibuye ihlawuliswe inani lama-ruble angu-230. Ngenyanga.
7. Ngokuyinhloko "omama" abanezingane eziningi abaye bazalwa noma abanezingane ezingu-10 noma ngaphezulu emfundweni, bathola isinxephezelo semali yombuso wengane engaphansi kweminyaka engu-16 (noma kuze kube ngu-23 uma ingane isesikhathini esigcwele). Inani lesinxephezelo semali yi-ruble engu-750. Ingane ngayinye.
8. Owesifazane owakhulisa izingane eziyishumi ngesikhathi sokubhalisa nokuthola impesheni uthola imali yesikhathi esisodwa sama-ruble angu-10 000.
9. Ngamaholide, imindeni enezingane ezincane eziyishumi noma ngaphezulu nazo zithola umvuzo wezimali. Ngakho, ngosuku lomhlaba wonke lomndeni banelungelo lama- ruble angu-10 000. Kusuka kuhulumeni njengesibonakaliso sokubonga ngomnikelo wokwanda kwenani lokuzalwa kanye nokulondolozwa kwehlelo lomndeni. Ngosuku lolwazi, nabo abahlali ngaphandle kosizo. Umndeni ukhokhelwa ama-ruble angu-15 000. Ukuqoqa izingane esikoleni.
10. Abomama ababeletha noma abamukela abantwana abangaphezu kwezingu-7 bathola indondo yePremal Parents. Ngesikhathi esifanayo nalesi senzakalo banikezwa umklomelo - ama-ruble angu-100 000.

Ungakhohlwa ngamalungelo akho

Ukuba nezingane eziningi kuwumthwalo omkhulu. Kulokhu, ngezinye izikhathi kunezinkinga eziningi ezimweni imindeni enezingane ezimbalwa ezingabangeli izinkinga ezinjalo.

Ngakho-ke, ezingeni lezomthetho, amalungelo omama onabantwana abaningi aqinisiwe:

1. Umama onenqwaba yezingane akagcini nje emigqeni, ngakho unelungelo lokusiza kuqala.
2. Izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-6 zinelungelo lokukhulula imithi yokuthola imithi ekhemisi.
3. Izingane eziningi zibaluleke kakhulu ekutholeni izimvume emakamu ezinkampani, izidumbu zempilo.
4. Enkulisa, izingane ezivela emindenini emikhulu ziyasuswa .
5. Izingane zithola imikhiqizo yamahhala yezinhloso zomzimba noma izifo zomuthi emtholampilo odokotela.
6. Umndeni wonke unelungelo lokuhamba kwamahhala kumabhasi noma ezitimeleni zamatekisi.
7. Abafundi badla mahhala esikoleni sokudlela esikoleni.
8. Imindeni emikhulu inelungelo lokuthola isakhiwo somhlaba ekwakhiweni kwendlu yokuhlala. Isakhiwo singathengiswa.
9. Omama abakhulu abakhulisa izingane ezinhlanu abafinyelela eminyakeni engu-8 banelungelo lokuthatha umhlalaphansi ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
10. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uma umama enqatshelwe amalungelo omzali noma ngisho nengane eyodwa efile ngaphambi kokuba afinyelele eminyakeni engu-8, impesheni inikezwa.
11. Impesheni yabomama abanamantombazane amaningi anqunywe eneminyaka engama-50 kanye nenkathi yomshuwalense iminyaka eyi-15.

Ezingeni lesifunda, eminye imithetho esekela umama nezingane ingamkelwa.

Kodwa wonke amalungelo omama onabantwana abaningi, avunyelwe iRussia Federation, kumele agcwaliseke kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uhlalaphi kanye nenhlalakahle yomndeni.

Ukuqinisekiswa kwezingane eziningi

Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ngokomthetho isimo semindeni emikhulu, owesifazane ukhishwa isitifiketi somama nezingane eziningi. Ukuze uyithole, kufanele ukhethe okunye kwezinyathelo ezintathu ezingenzeka.

1. Thumela amadokhumenti kusevisi yokuvikela umphakathi. Isicelo sifakwa endaweni yokuhlala.
2. Ungathintana noMFC esanda kumiswa. Lezi yizo okuthiwa "izinsizakalo zewindi elilodwa".
3. Futhi ezindaweni ezinkulu kungenzeka ukufaka amadokhumenti ukuthola isitifiketi ngokusebenzisa i-portal electronic of services zomphakathi.

Imibhalo yokuthola isitifiketi sokuba nezingane eziningi

Ukuze uthole isitifiketi somama nezingane eziningi, udinga ukulungisa amanani amadokhumenti alandelayo adingekayo:

1. Izitifiketi zokuzalwa kwazo zonke izingane.
2. Abazali nezingane ezineminyaka engaphezu kwengu-14 ubudala kumele banikezwe ipasipoti.
3. Uma kukhona isitifiketi somshado noma isahlukaniso.
4. Uzodinga isithombe sabazali abalinganisa 3 x 4 cm.
5. Uma kukhona abagciniwe noma abantwana abamukelwayo, khona-ke imibhalo yokutholwa noma ukugcinwa kuyadingeka.
6. Uma kukhona izingane ezingaphezu kweminyaka engu-18 ubudala kanye nabafundi besikhathi esigcwele, isitifiketi semfundo yengane iyodingeka.
7. Uma kwenzeka isahlukaniso somzali, lungisa isitifiketi-isivumelwano lapho uzohlala khona nokuthi izingane zizohlala nani.
8. Futhi, ngokuya ngesimo esithile, amanye amadokhumenti angadingeka, isibonelo, isitifiketi sobunikazi, isitifikedi sokufa somlingani nabanye.

Amakhophi amaphepha adingekayo. Kodwa uma kungabikho, abasebenzi bomzimba abamukela isicelo baphoqelekile ukuba benze ngokuzimela.

Uhlelo lokusebenza kanye namadokhumenti kuthathwa ukucutshungulwa, le nqubo ayikwazi ukuhlala ngaphezu kwenyanga. Emva kwalokho, uma konke kuhambisane, isitifiketi somama enezingane eziningi sikhishwa.

Izinzuzo zokuba nezingane eziningi

• Imindeni eye yanquma inani elikhulu lezingane lisekelwa yizwe. Kubo, ngaphezu kwezinkokhelo ezibalulwe ngenhla, nezinye izinzuzo.
• Ngakho-ke, uma umndeni ufuna ukwakha ipulazi layo, liyoba nelungelo lentela futhi lingathola imali yokubolekisa mahhala. Noma ngabe umndeni usizwa ekudaleni umnotho.
• Endabeni yomndeni endlini ngaphandle kokushisa okuphakathi, unelungelo lokusaphulelo kuma-utilities emalini esetshenziselwa ukushisa.
• Izingane zesikole kudingeka zinikeze imfashini yesikole kanye nemidlalo yonyaka wezifundo mahhala.
• Uma ufuna ukubolekisa izindlu zokuhlomula komndeni kufakwe ngesimo samaphesenti amancane, izinkokhelo ezilandelwayo kanye nokubuyisela ingxenye yenani nguhulumeni.
• Ekuvaliwe kwebhizinisi, imindeni enjalo ingase ikhululwe ngokugcwele noma ingxenye yesibopho sokukhokha imali yokubhalisa okudingekayo.

Uma kungekho ubaba

Ngezinye izikhathi kwenzeka ukuthi empilweni yomndeni ojabulayo, lapho kunezingane eziningi, akekho umuntu obaluleke kakhulu - uyise womndeni. Kodwa yiziphi abesifazane abangenakukwenza! Bajabule ekubhekaneni nomndeni omkhulu, futhi abaningi basenesikhathi sokuya emsebenzini, bathole imali.

Kodwa noma kunjalo, omama abasha abangabodwa banamalungelo athile kanye nokusekelwa kwemithetho.

Amama, ngaphezu kokunakekela izingane, zama ukunikeza izingane zabo uthando, futhi uhulumeni uzama ngandlela-thile avikele abesifazane abanjalo, abanikeze izinzuzo ezithile.

Ubani okufanele abhekwe njengomama ongashadile

1. Owesifazane owabeletha izingane ngaphandle komshado (ekholomu "ubaba" ezitifiketi zokuzalwa - idethi noma imininingwane enikezwa ngamagama wesifazane).
2. Kwenzeka ukuthi umama ubeletha ingane lapho eshadile. Kodwa umyeni angafakaza enkantolo ukuthi akayena uyise wengane. Khona-ke lona wesifazane uzonikezwa isimo sobumuntu.
3. Ingane yazalwa ngaphandle komshado, futhi upapa wazama ukugcina umntwana.

Izinzuzo kubomama abangashadile abanezingane eziningi

Ngokuhambisana nemithetho ye-Russian Federation, omama abaningi abangabodwa banelungelo lokuthola izinzuzo ezithile:

• Abesifazane abanjalo, abanabantwana abangaphansi kweminyaka engu-14, bavikelwe umthetho wokuxoshwa ekunciphiseni noma ngokushintshwa kwabaphathi bokuqala.
• Ama-singles - omama abanezingane eziningi banelungelo lokukhokha ukunakekelwa kwengane esibhedlela ingane engakapheli iminyaka engu-7 ubudala.
• Uma owesifazane enengane engaphansi kweminyaka emihlanu ubudala, akakwazi ukuphoqeleka ukuba asebenze ngaphesheya kwesilinganiso esimisiwe ngisho nasesidingo sesibhizinisi.
• Ngengane engaphansi kweminyaka emibili ubudala, ukudla okungenamntwana okuhlinzekwa mahhala kunikezwa ngezikhwama ezikhethekile zobisi.
• Izingane zinelungelo lokufaka kuqala izaphulelo zamahhala ezindaweni zokungcebeleka zezempilo futhi zivunyelwe ku-DOW ngaphandle komgca.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kuhle noma kubi kangakanani imithetho esekela imindeni emikhulu, kodwa kukhona ukuthambekela kwenani elikhulayo labazali ukunquma ukuba nabantwana abathathu noma ngaphezulu.

Futhi izinzuzo nezinzuzo ezikhona kubomama abanabantwana abaningi, abanelungelo lokuzitholela, benza ukuphila kwemikhaya kube lula kakhulu.