Izivakashi primus: yeziqondiso, amathiphu "wahlangabezana '

Zonke izimfanelo ezinhle ngesitofu sikaphalafini ngilandise kahle abasekeli Kuzonyuka eside, okuyinto kwadingeka achithe ezintabeni esingaphezu kosuku olulodwa. labo kwakudingeka bathwale in ubhaka yakho kuphela akuyona kuphela izingubo ezifudumele, elele isikhwama, itende, nokudla, kodwa futhi izinkuni umlilo, kungaba ukubaluleka kosizo egcwele kule divayisi ukulungiswa kokudla okushisayo ezimweni ezinzima ezifana.

incazelo functional

Futhi nsuku zonke, futhi primus izivakashi bahlinza isimiso we Blowtorch. I-fuel ketshezi ethangini wezinsimbi zomculo, ingcindezi eyenziwe sikaphalafini kufakwa ngamapayipi. Lapha uphethiloli noma uphalafini uyabaselwa futhi ehwamukile, zinganakiwe ngokusebenzisa izimbobo umlomo wombhobho. Ukuze sicubungule wabe evamile, kumelwe abe built- piston futha njalo ukugcina umfutho kwesigubhu.

Ngaphambi babasa sikaphalafini kuyadingeka ukuze zifudumale metal. Ungenza lokhu, pre-yanqamula kancane uphalafini, noma ngomlilo tincetu phezulu utshwala ezomile.

Ukuxuba nge air, evutha ngentukuthelo ukukhwezelwa sikaphalafini ngokubeka amalahle izitsha ngamanzi noma ukudla, enikeziwe kwaphezulu. Isilinganiso yokusebenza isikhathi zedivayisi - cishe 50 imizuzu. Lokhu kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuba nithele iketela, ukupheka isidlo esilula esishisayo (isib isobho noma iphalishi).

Bumblebee, okuyinto hums, kodwa akusho fly

Izikhangibavakashi primus - idivayisi Ukushisa amanzi ukupheka, okuyinto lusekelwa ngamandla fuel okusamanzi (iziketekete noma uphethiloli). Kukhona amamodeli yesimanje, lapho zisebenzisa cartridges amancane igesi.

Idivayisi okuqala wabonakala iminyaka 8 kube ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19 e-Germany futhi ngokushesha ukuze "nqoba" uzwela izakhamuzi. I Union ngodaba izitofu yasekhaya awuqala eko kwekhulu lama-20. Yonke imikhaya self-ukuhlonipha waba kaphalafini isitofu esasiphethwe ekhishini wakhe. Izivakashi abantu futhi ngokushesha sazise izinzuzo isisindo ukukhanya lula zedivayisi.

Umgomo we operation

Kanjani ezokuvakasha primus? Ukufundiswa sisobala:

• ukufaka kudivayisi phezu flat;
• wathela ngokucophelela phakathi uphethiloli sikaphalafini;
• atishaye ezihambayo isigwedlo futha ihlanganiswe, ukumpompa ingcindezi;
• nge evutha ukushisa kwasehlobo okungenamhwamuko utshwala kancane indiza sikaphalafini;
• ngobumnene ujike valve.

Okokhelekayo kusuka ethangini angene ukulethwa tube sikaphalafini, lapho ehwamukile eshubile. evala oluvuthayo kokuphuma ngokusebenzisa umlomo wombhobho ashise lapho exutshwe emoyeni. Ukuze wonke kwathatha indawo evamile futhi ukusebenza okuqhubekayo kudinga Ukushisa ngaphambi wengxenye zokusebenza ngesitofu sikaphalafini. Futhi ngaphambi nje kokuba ukuthungela ethangini nophethiloli ekhiphela up emoyeni, udala ingcindezi lapho kufanele kugcinwe.

Uma luvutha esikhundleni amalangabi blue kusukela Jets ngokuzumayo Ukhumula intuthu emnyama futhi ngimpunga, ngakho primus insufficiently eshubile. Nokho, kusasele imizuzu embalwa isineke "umondli" uzoqala ukukhipha engakunaki nokubhuza iyunifomu. Mhlawumbe yilesi sizathu esenza omunye amamodeli okuthiwa - "olukhulu lwenyosi ezakhela yodwana".

Ubani owasungula le kaphalafini isitofu izivakashi

Photo nolwazi kusukela emilandwini ugcine usuku negama umsunguli: e 1892, uFranz B. Lindqvist, kamuva eyasungulwa inkampani ukwenziwa idatha heater. ithoshi okunjalo baqala ukunyathelisa kuyi-Union kusukela ekuqaleni 20s, futhi ngokushesha babemhlonipha besifazane.

Leyo mikhumbi okuqala ayengelona ikhophi elula izitofu kwezilwandle. Kamuva bashintsha futhi ngcono.

Sibala ezinye onobuhle ethandwa kakhulu:

• Izivakashi kaphalafini isitofu, okwakubizwa ngokuthi i "Swedish" (ngokuvumelana ezweni lendabuko) ulithola abaqwali emhlabeni wonke ngaphansi okushisa ezinzima kakhulu futhi engamamitha. Usayizi 13 kuya ku-10 cm, enesisindo isigamu kilogram, 1 ilitha lamanzi ukuze Bilisa imizuzu engaba ngu-7, esiteshini gas 120 ml usebenza esingaphansi kwehora.
• "Qala" - idivayisi ukukhiqizwa compact nokunokwethenjelwa Soviet ngaphandle futha, enesisindo mayelana 800 g, umthamo 120 ml.
• "Motor Sich" (Ukraine) - emikhulu kudivayisi litre umthamo kanye nesisindo 1.5 kg, osukela amahora 3 kuya ku-6.
• "Izivakashi" ingasetshenziswa ukupheka, futhi omisa izingubo nezicathulo ezimanzi.
• Modern "Himalaya" multifuel sikaphalafini esinamakhanda nezilandiso izitofu uyakwazi ezisebenza uphethiloli, iziketekete negesi. Lapho usayizi encane nesisindo 505 g, amanzi amathumba ngesikhathi sikaphalafini imizuzu 4 kuphela.

amathiphu lokuphepha "wahlangabezana '

abahambi abanolwazi baye Kunconywa ucezu ukushaywa ka-fiberglass. Kanjani ukuyisebenzisa? Ngemva ukuthungela nokusetha izivakashi kaphalafini isitofu izitsha ngamanzi isakhiwo sonke ivaliwe phezu indwangu yokuthunga kangcono ukushisa ukulondolozwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngemva ukuyisebenzisa ahlukanisa nokuhlanza sikaphalafini, fiberglass zihambisana igabha uma udlulisa kudivayisi in a ubhaka.

Uma ebusweni emhlabathini akushelelanga, ebhodweni kungaba inikelwe ngesitofu sikaphalafini uqobo, futhi emadwaleni, yavutha ithoshi agxumele ngaphansi.

Futhi eziningi izincomo ukusetshenziswa ephephile:

• Okokhelekayo ukubekezelela kangcono negabha, ngokubheja kubo emaphaketheni uhlangothi in a ubhaka.
• Okokhelekayo singavalwa kuphela idivayisi selehlile ngokugcwele phansi.
• Primus noma kunjalo ayikwazi overheat.
• Kunconyelwe ukusebenzisa idivayisi ngaphakathi etendeni.

Umkhankaso uphumelele, futhi ujabulele ukudla kwakho, abathandi eziphakeme, okudoba noma okuzingela!