Ubufakazi bokuqala ebhaliwe mayelana nendlela amafutha kwenziwa eRussia, eyakho ngekhulu XVI. Futhi kakade kule femu lokuqala elakhiwa ngo 1745 kwi emfuleni Ukhta. Isidingo esikhulayo uhlobo olusha fuel ophoqelelwe uhulumeni tsarist ukuthumela Geological kwesimo endaweni uhambo eCaucasus. Imiphumela akuzona eside ukufika. Ngakho, ngo-1823 kwaba khona femu e Mozdok futhi ngo-1846 kukora kahle kuqala kawoyela yomhlaba wonke ngo-Baku. Waqala kanjalo-ke umkhiqizo kawoyela e-Russia. Izibalo uqinisekise ukuthi izwe lethu kuveza wesithathu emakethe emhlabeni "igolide abamnyama" by 1900.
Ukugqashuka inguquko ngo-1917, bese impi yombango obaholela ekuweni kwalo mbuso owawuke waba namandla. Kepha sekuphelile iminyaka 6 umkhiqizo kawoyela eRussia ke ibuyiselwe ngokuphelele, futhi izwe isivele ifinyelele ezingeni pre-mbuso ka-ivolumu akhishelwe khona ka "igolide omnyama". Kuze kube sekuqaleni kweMpi Yezwe II, wayeqhuba izifundo nocwaningo ku sikawoyela eCaucasus esifundeni. Phakathi ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe Hitler wafuna ngazo zonke izindlela ukuba ziyombamba ingcebo esifundeni.
Ngemva kokunqoba Soviet phezu eJalimane bamukela isinqumo ekuqaleni prospecting Geological esifundeni iVolga-Ural. umkhiqizo kawoyela eRussia kancane kancane wathutha abavela ezifundeni esempumalanga Urals. Ukuba khona inethiwekhi ezokuthutha kuqhathaniswa evuthiwe, kwemifula ejulile futhi adambise ukuthuthukiswa imali entsha kwaholela ukuwohloka e amanani kawoyela Middle East. IVolga-Ural esifundeni enikeziwe cishe angu 45% we ukukhiqiza Imininingwane e-USSR. Ngo-1975, it yayina kakhulu ka 4.5 million. Barrel / usuku.
Ukuwohloka sikawoyela esifundeni esise-Ural sezishiye more ukuthuthukiswa olunzulu Western eSiberia. Vula elinye 1960 ezifakwa ezinkulu baqala ayenziwa. Izinkulungwane izakhamuzi zaseSoviet basishintsha isimo emaphakathi neRussia ezinzima ebusika laseSiberia. Saqala ukukhula ngokushesha nokuthuthukisa amadolobha. Ukwanda okusheshayo ezifundeni oil-producing kuzokhuphula inani kwaveza "igolide abamnyama" ukuze 9,900 th. Barrel / usuku. Esikhathini sethu, the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Area kuye kwaba umholi ekukhiqizeni uwoyela. Phela, kukhona ukhiqiza cishe u-60% "igolide abamnyama" ERussia. Amafutha lokuqala likhishwe e Western eSiberia izindlela ngesihluku. Intelligence azama ukuvala isikhala ukuntuleka ngaphezulu imishini olunzulu, ekugcineni okwaholela Ukuwohloka okusheshayo imithombo aphansi amavolumu ukukhiqizwa.
Ukuwa eU.SSR kwaholela yokuthi umkhiqizo kawoyela yaseRussia usunciphe kangangokuthi izwe iniketa kuphela ngokwayo, ukuthekelisa baye nalutho. Privatisation uye waholela ekusungulweni izinkampani ezinkulu samafutha. Kuye kwaba iminyaka eminingi nendawo ephambili phakathi kwabo Kunenkolelo "Gazprom", "Rosneft", "Lukoil" futhi "TNK-BP". I ukukhiqizwa main uwoyela negesi by lezi zidlakela wenza eRussia.
Iningi lezinkampani uwoyela Okwamanje sigxile ekuthuthukiseni ubuchwepheshe ezokwenza ngcono izinga lokuziphatha umkhiqizo kawoyela ezifundeni kakade athuthukile. ezishintshayo Modern nezindlela ezintsha imishini kuholele yokuthi ukukhiqizwa uwoyela negesi eRussia kuzokhulisa kuphela. Umthamo isamba sikawoyela wazibonakalisa kukhuphuke ngo 5-15% ngenxa eyenziwa sesimanje ukukhiqizwa. izinhlelo okusha nohulumeni ekuthuthukiseni Ekude Eastern eSiberia, isivele nithela izithelo. Siyabonga kubo, umkhiqizo kawoyela yaseRussia iyaqhubeka ikhula futhi lalingaphezu kwezigidi 171. Amathani.