Kokudubula ububanzi 120 mm nodaka. Nosimende labadubuli range

Njengoba sekuzoqala ikhulu lama-20 enhlanganweni impi yamasosha kwase kuyisikhathi sokushintsha. Nakuba izinhlangothi ezilwayo ezaziwumbile, bemba imigodi yesisekelo kanye multiport ebiyelwe off ngocingo oluhlabayo, wonke amandla nokusebenzisa izibhamu, kusukela ngezibhamu ukuba izibhamu futhi umlilo izikhali ezinamandla angabangela umonakalo omkhulu ukuze bomlilo.

ngocingo oluhlabayo kubeka ezingontuluntulu, okuyinto ngadonsa wamabutho esitha. Wabhubhisa ezivikelweni, kodwa elihamba lesitha wacasha imisele ejulile futhi ingxenye enkulu akazange zilimale. Yini okumelwe uyenze?
Ukubukeka nosimende enkundleni yempi Sakushintsha ukulingana kwamandla. Futhi, esiphezulu labadubuli uhla izigqulo isibe okunqumayo ukuthi uguquko ngamaqhinga, hhayi kuphela kwi-izimpi, kodwa futhi ukulwa ezisemadolobheni.

Eyokuqala nosimende Russian

Ngokomlando, kukhulunywa ngaye okokuqala ukusetshenziswa kwezikhali isikhathi sokuphonsa projectiles isimiso nosimende okukhulunywa phakathi neMpi Russian-Japanese 1904 - 1905 GG.

Emafektri ePort Arthur kwaba eningi ulwandle Shestova imizuzu. Babesendleleni ende imitha-15 isigxobo yensimbi igobolondo ukuma oyindilinga. Ukwenza ngokudubula imibono "amagobolondo" epha induna L. N. Gobyato. Kuze kube yimanje kwanqunywa ukuba usebenzise 47 mm owodwa emgqonyeni isibhamu Gochinksa ukuthi lokhu isethelwe ukuthutha bakudala, okwasiza ukwandisa engela kokuphakama-45 ° kuya 65 °.
Ngaphambi emgqonyeni kokudubula yafakwa nesigxobo okwami (isigxobo mfushane) kanye wad, okuyinto kanyekanye ukhonza njengelungu sesikhashana ngesikhathi kokudubula. Wabeka ngemuva emikhonweni nenkokhiso.

Ukuze ekulinganiseni Izimayini indiza ke enikeziwe chetyrohlepestnym isimame. Labadubuli uhla nosimende wawunje kusuka 40 kuya 400 metres, kanti imayini esikhiqiza umonakalo ebalulekile ngesikhathi ukuqhuma. Futhi akumangalisi, ngoba emayini icala yemikhumbi yempi yamasosha kuhlaziywe 6.2 kg!

izikhathi nosimende kweMpi Yezwe II

Ngo-August 1941, iSoviet Union Defense iKomiti yanquma ukwandisa usayizi udaba 120 mm izigqulo. Kwakuyisikhathi smoothbore uhlelo eqinile nakho ngeke kusize nge icebo unxantathu engokomfanekiso. Ilayisha nosimende khona kusukela nomlomo.

Kokudubula ububanzi u 120 mm nosimende at ezahlukene labadubuli engeli ka 460 m 5700 m (ngokudubula engeli-45 ° kuya 80 °).

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izigqulo banikezwa twin ukushaqeka wezinciphisi futhi wahosha isibhamu ezokwenza ngcono izici ukulwa.

ezigqulweni 1955

Experience ukulwa nokusetshenziswa 120-mm izibhamu isampula ngo-1943 wayiswa akhawunti uma udala nosimende regimental ngo-1955. Ukuthuthukiswa sikakhonkolo lokhu ukuguqulwa kwenziwa ngaphansi kokulawula BI Shavyrina. Lapho isisindo esifanayo futhi ububanzi 120 mm nosimende Kwandiswa futhi kwaba 7.1 km.

ukunemba ngokudubula lalithé:

• isilinganiso ukuphambuka lateral ka 12.8 m;
• noma ukuchema kuzo lesemkhatsini limile 28,4 m.

Esigqulweni labadubuli isikhundla angase asetshenziswe imizuzu 1.5.

yenethiwekhi nosimende "Tundzha"

Ukuthuthukiswa ukufakwa self ezinezinjini waqala ngo-1965 njengoba chassis esetshenziswa spetstyagach isibhamu MT-LB. Nosimende M-120 (2B11) ligcinwe bezinhlamvu umshini. nosimende wanda isimo wezempi iye yahlela ngendlela plate base waphumula phansi enjalo, futhi umgqomo ngesikhathi esifanayo esivuna umshini.

Ammunition isisindo 16 kg, mm 120 uhlobo nosimende:

• 0-843A;
• 3-843A;
• 0-843 kanye nabanye.

Labadubuli uhla 120 mm ezigqulweni, m:

• 480-7100.

ezikhomba engeli:

• mpo 45 ° -80 °;
• ± ovundlile 5 ~ 26).

Ukukala ezimweni ukulwa, RDS / imiz .:

• 10.

Izinhlamvu, ezimayini:

• 60.

eziyinkimbinkimbi nosimende "Sunny"

Ngo-1979 ku izingalo wamukelwa 120 mm eziyinkimbinkimbi "Sunny." Kuhlanganisa:

• Nosimende 2F510;
• iraba-ukhathele unhlangothi 2L81 (detachable);
• 2F510 ezokuthutha imoto (Gaz-66-05 isizinda).

Esinembile labadubuli uhla 120 mm nosimende:

• kusuka 480 kuya 7100 m.

izinga:

• 15 imizuliswano ngomzuzu.

Nosimende ifakwe amadivaysi sextant:

• Ekukhunjulwa MPM-44M;
• isibhamu collimator K2-1;
• RAY-P2M ukukhanyisa kudivayisi.

Ububanzi esiqondile umlilo esigqulweni, ephethwe KM-8 arsenal:

• 9.0 amakhilomitha.

Ukubeka "Nona-S"

Umkhuba samanje kwezikhali nosimende sehliselwe ekubumbaneni 120 mm izigqulo kanye inganono breech-ukulayisha wezikhali howitzers. SAU ngaphansi kwegama 2S9 "Nona-S", ayifake isevisi ngo-1976, uyakwazi kokudubula kokubili amagobolondo rifled nezimayini ngezimpaphe, esithinta uhla anda umlilo 120 mm izibhamu.

Amathuba "Nona-S" kakhulu enwetshiwe futhi zikuvumela ukuthi silisebenzise hhayi kuphela yokuvimbela amandla esitha, kodwa futhi ukubhubhisa ezivikelweni, ukuze anqobe kule mpi ngezinqola zempi.

Ngokusebenzisa e ezintabeni, "Nona-S" lubaluleke kakhulu, njengoba ephakanyiswe zenith umgqomo iye yaba nesandla nokucindezela Manpower ukuthi akuzona howitzers etholakalayo noma izibhamu.

Isici esibalulekile incane kakhulu futhi ububanzi 120 mm nosimende:

• projectile - 1700 m;
• I-m - 400 m.

Ngakho-ke, izinhlamvu kuhlanganisa esigqulweni 120 mm:

• ephezulu alufakwa;
• ukukhanyisa;
• intuthu;
• incendiary.

labadubuli Olungokoqobo isukela kuze ku 7.1 km.

Ukukala Imodi (7-8 isibhamu) ngomzuzu olunikezwa rammer othomathikhi ngayinye. Ngemva umgqomo shot isibhamu is kwemijondolo ngaphansi kwengcindezi nge air onomfutho ukuze kususwe powder amagesi.

"Vienna"

Ngo-1995 yena wadala 2S31 Vena izibhamu self ezinezinjini, "Vienna", lapho ububanzi nosimende labadubuli 120 mm kuze kube 14,000 amamitha.

ukufakwa Ammunition yakhiwa:

• ephezulu alufakwa amagobolondo PF - 49 PF - 54;
• asebenzayo-esisheshayo amagobolondo OF50;
• projectiles ezuziwe ;
• Zingasetshenziswa zonke izinhlobo izinhlamvu nosimende 120 mm ubukhulu, ngaphandle ezifuywayo kwezilwandle;
• ezicitshwayo wayeqondiswa "Kitolov -. 2M"

engela Ekhomba e indiza mpo esiphakathi -4 ° ukuze + 80 °. Ukubuyisela iveni ngokuzenzakalela ngemuva shot ngamunye.

Ammunition ngezibhamu - 70 isibhamu ku ukulwa iphakethe, futhi nethuba ukunikezela izikhali emhlabathini ngokusebenzisa dweba ekhethekile uhlangothi lomkhumbi lwesandla sokudla nge ikhava zempi.
Labadubuli uhla izigqulo yesimanje njalo okwandisa nokusetshenziswa CAO efana "Vienna" iba okubaluleke ngokukhethekile kuzo.

"Usokhaya"

Ngokuphelele olwesimanje howitzer 120 mm, futhi ububanzi lapho ifinyelela 13 km, "Isikhungo" lithole umbhoshongo Ukujikeleza entsha isiyingi. Futhi efakwe izingxenye nezinqubo ezintsha kusukela 2S31 Vena "Vienna" 2S23 "Nona" SVK. Kulokhu, chassis futhi olwesimanje yempi MT-DB.

Umehluko omkhulu yilona ethuthukisiwe isibhamu 2A80-1, okwakubekelwa ifakwe a ukubopha nomlomo. Yikuphi kukhuphuke izinga izikhathi 2 futhi umlilo ngokuphelele zonke izinhlobo 120 mm ubukhulu amagobolondo:

• ephezulu alufakwa;
• ingeyami;
• amagobolondo yesimanje 3FOF112 "Kitolov-2".

Entsha nosimende uhlelo 2S34 "Hosta" sokudubula kungaba kwenziwe ngaphandle ukuqeqeshwa izikhundla umlilo ngqo hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi uyakwazi ishaya okuqondisiwe emithambekeni reverse wokukhulekela izindawo eziphakeme.

sextant izinga ziye zaba nethonya elikhulu kusukela imizuliswano ngomzuzu-4 kuya kwezingu-9.

nosimende towed

Kanye uhlobo Sao "Sunny" e Russian Army efika futhi towed:

• 2B16 "Nona - K";
• 2B23 "Nona M1".

Noma kunjalo, bona angilahlekelwanga izimfanelo zabo lokulwa njengoba CAO.

nesidingo esingaka Kuvezwe ukuphakela wezikhali yabo desantno- lokushaya brigades. Lapho okhulayo "Nona K" amathuluzi nosimende 2B16. Wayiswa ku-akhawunti okuhlangenwe nakho lokulwa e-Afghanistan. Hlakulela lolu hlobo nosimende wamukelwa ngonyaka 1986.

Kakade ngo-2007, ibutho Russian samukele 120 mm 2B23 "Nona - M1". I isibhamu senziwa ngenjongo yokuba kubhujiswe kokubili izisebenzi isitha nokukhanya izimoto zempi.

Futhi nosimende 2B23 nosimende amabhethri ayenendawo amasosha emhlabathini. Ngokusebenzisa e amabutho Airborne kwakukhona ukuthi kungenzeka kokufika indiza ezisekelweni wahlomisa ngokukhethekile. Kulesi izinhlamvu nosimende kuhlanganisa zonke izinhlobo 120 mm imiz.

Lezi izigqulo bebelokhu impi ihlolwe ezihlukahlukene izingxabano wendawo.

izakhiwo zesimanje ngodaka labadubuli uhla 120 mm ukusuka ayi-400 kuya 7000, angeke ngaso sonke isikhathi sincike ngesikhathi esifanele inkonzo Shuttle nezinhlamvu. Ngakho-ke, amadoda athambekele ukusebenzisa izikhali ezinjalo empini kuhilela ukusetshenziswa 120 mm nosimende amacala kusuka amabutho kwamanye amazwe. Ukusetshenziswa ifomula enjalo ivumela ukwesekwa umlilo ngoba amabutho futhi izwe lesitha sabo.