KumiswaIsayensi

Komhlaba

Adonsela phansi ezingeni amanzi e ebusweni lokuqala emhlabeni yamanzi njalo wamanje - kuyinto komhlaba. Ahluke ukuthi banayo surface khulula, phezu kwawo kukhona ophahleni okuqhubekayo yamadwala amanzi. Basuke etholakala emadwaleni ababuthakathaka athukulule. Ungagcwalisa imifantu ku sedimentary waqinisa, metamorphic noma amatshe igneous, futhi amanga inhlabathi eziNgekho ngaPhansi kukaHulumeni. Amanzi asemhlabathini ngokuhambisana zokulala zabo zihlukaniswa izinhlobo eziningana: ichibi, obonakaliswa ukungena nakwamanye amazwe. kumiswa yabo kwenzeka ngenxa kokuziphatha ka kwamanzi kanye kwezulu. INSIMU yobukhona babo ngokuvamile kuvumelana ukusabalala emiseleni amandla engesiyo njalo, kodwa kuncike supply ngegalelo, ibanga esifundeni ukudedelwa rocks amanzi-equkethe, njll

Amanzi asemhlabathini abe Isici esiyinhloko esihlukanisa kubo kusukela Artesian, amanzi ezijulile - yokuntuleka ingcindezi. Basuke ehlaselwe izimo zezulu: lokushisa, kwezulu nokucindezelwa, ukuhwamuka, njll Futhi-ke inethonya ebalulekile imisebenzi yezomnotho yomuntu: i-ukudonsa amafutha namanzi kusuka ekujuleni, ukwakhiwa ngenkasa kanye amanzi kanye izakhiwo wokubacindezela . Umanyolo / umhlaba wokulima, izimayini, njll Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimo wokubacindezela ibalulekile: ushintsho nkinga mode, ukuthengisela ebusweni imizimba amanzi.

Ukwakhiwa umonakalo komhlaba, kuyingozi eziphathekako ezinye izinto zokwakha. Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukuklama izakhiwo ezidingekayo ukuze sifeze endaweni yocwaningo, nge ukunakekelwa okukhethekile ikhokhelwa kuze khona, nemvelo, amakhemikhali ukwakheka (ulaka) komhlaba, kanye ukukhiqizwa kwamanzi olulindelekile. Ulaka kunqunywa solubility -calcium carbonate ne-esikalini degrees elandelayo: obschekislotnaya, leaching, magnesia, sulphate ne-carbon dioxide.

Ukuze umnotho wezwe lawa manzi yizona ezibaluleke kakhulu njengoba umthombo amanzi zasemizaneni, izindawo zezimboni, njll Basuke ezivezwa imishini imithombo nemithombo uhlalwane ulahla ngokuhlanganisa ne-grid nokwelukiweyo eluka. Yiziphi esiyingozi? Ukutholakala komhlaba kuvimbela ukugcwaliseka ukwakhiwa ngabanye izinqubo, isibonelo: kukhethwa isisekelo, khona phansi emhlabathini, engaphansi, emgodini noma ithangi ukonakala.

amanzi Ground egumbini zivimbela inqubo yokwemba, ngoba olungathunaza enhlabathini bese ungavumeli ukuba afeze ukwakhiwa. Izindonga ulahlekelwe nithela umthamo ngenxa yokuthi ukuthi caissons zewayini kanye ezindlini kuthonywa ingcindezi hydrostatic, yobunzima kulahleka. amanzi Ground egumbini kakhulu kulwenze buthaka isisekelo, futhi ngaphezu kwalokho, kudinga letengetiwe zokuzivikela: wodwa wahlukanisiwe capillary umswakama ezingeni phansi, izindonga ukuvikelwa double daubing resin ku usimende, exutshwe ibitume ashisayo noma usimende nosimende nge kwalokho gidrozita. Kusukela ingcindezi yamanzi izakhiwo Ukuvikelwa ukuchitha kudivayisi namadreni futhi amanzi eyanele, kanye ngokusebenzisa kudalwa waterproof ulwelwesi izindonga engaphansi phansi.

Ukunqunywa ezingeni komhlaba iqala nge lokuthola yamanzi. Phezu flat noma ingxenye ke kuyafana yonke indawo, futhi uma maholoholo ezingeni sihamba nangaphezulu ezindaweni ephakanyiswe - e ayimigodi. Ngokuvamile ukuthi akuphi at ibanga 20 m, e amaxhaphozi - 1 m Uma amanzi igcwalisa insimu ayimigodi engajulile, ezingeni salo ngaphezu kwamanzi emhlabathini .. Ngo sezulu yezimvula, izinga labo ukwanda, kanye nesomiso - encishisiwe.

Icacisa ezingeni komhlaba kubaluleke kakhulu ukuze kwakhiwe futhi obeka isisekelo. Kule kuzoncika umthamo eziveza inhlabathi. Uma izinga liphezulu kakhulu, ugcwalise egumbini akuvunyelwe nhlobo ukukhiqiza.

Similar articles

 

 

 

 

Trending Now

 

 

 

 

Newest

Copyright © 2018 zu.unansea.com. Theme powered by WordPress.