Kuyini emifuleni umehluko elisezansi entabeni? izici Comparative

River - umthombo oyinhloko wamanzi aphuzwayo emadolobheni esintwini. ukubaluleka yabo ayikwazi phansi. Imifula njengoba nemifula, zitholakala kwi insimu lonke izwe emhlabeni.

Ukusakaza ziqoqwa ngobukhulu (amancane, aphakathi nendawo, ende i) kanye ngezigaba topographic. Yileyo sezwe lapho notshwala ukusakaza, yonke imifula emhlabeni zihlukaniswe izinhlobo ezimbili ezahlukene imizimba amanzi. Kuyini emifuleni umehluko elisezansi entabeni, ungabona kusukela ulwazi oluqukethwe kulesi sihloko. Ezinye imifudlana uhlobo okuxubile: bangakwazi ukuqhubeka, futhi omunye uhlobo isimo sezwe, futhi ehlukile.

Imifula Izinhlobo: definition

Eliphansi emfuleni - emanzini esesikhundleni ezolile, mnene fudlana yisigodi esikhulu futhi odabula ithafa, noma isimo sezwe owendlalekile.

Intaba River - a ugeleza ngokusebenzisa esigodini emincane futhi ezijulile, it has a ukugeleza ngokushesha futhi zeziyaluyalu, sihamba ngaphakathi impumuzo entabeni.

Incazelo ngokunembe kakhudlwana lokho kuyakhanya Phakathi kwesitaladi sawo nomfula entabeni, yini umehluko phakathi kwabo ingafundwa ngezansi.

umthombo

emifuleni Umthombo elisezansi ngokuvamile amachibi, amadamu, amanzi angaphansi komhlaba imithombo; ngesikhathi intaba - has kwaqala ezintabeni, ezindaweni lapho iqhwa noma ice.

imifula

Amandla elisezansi emifuleni ikakhulukazi elixutshwe, ne ngokunenzuzo iqhwa. Gcwalisa kubo kuqala entwasahlobo. Inkathi esukela izinsuku ezingu-15 ukuba 1 inyanga. Ngemva izikhukhula, izinga lamanzi amathonsi, ekufinyeleleni ezingeni yalo ephansi impela, ngokuthi izinkathi ephansi amanzi. Ukukhuluma mayelana nomehluko phakathi emathafeni emfuleni entabeni, iwukuba bathi iziziba zama-ngezinye izikhathi encane, a wamanje omncane esikhuthazayo ezweni, abe impahla ukuze ome out ehlobo. Kodwa ekwindla, ngesikhathi uzamcolo, bebuya besebenzela uhulumeni wangaphambili. Ngo emifuleni entabeni ukuziphatha ehluke ngokuphelele. Sinenkosi siwuthole njalo, ungalokothi ezomile, futhi ebusika angase ukumisa imigqa ngokuphelele. Zidla on emfuleni ikakhulukazi ngenxa kwezulu (imvula). Inani eliphezulu kuyinto ehlobo, ngoba ngalesi sikhathi yetintsaba kungaba ngumfula okhukhulayo, akhukhule amabhange. Izinga lamanzi ebusika kuyehla ngangokunokwenzeka, futhi zokuzuza uhlamvu ezolile.

izinga lokushisa lamanzi

emifuleni Eliphansi futhi entabeni (umehluko phakathi kwabo akukhawulelwanga kuphela nalezi zindlela ezingenhla) namaleveli ahlukahlukene kwezinga lokushisa lamanzi. Yena amanzi eduze kwaphezulu, ngaso sonke isikhathi ongaphakeme, amanzi neze kulungele emini. Ngo elingenhla emifuleni entabeni, emachibini ephakeme, izinga lokushisa sehliselwe + 2 ° C. Ukusakaza Water umbuso elisezansi kuyahlukahluka onyakeni, kuye ngohlobo sezulu. Ngokuvamile, umfula enjalo ebusika ngempela kubanda, ngezinye izikhathi umnkantsha kwamanzi, ngokusebenzisa izigaba ezintathu: okokuqandisa, iqhwa kanye kwesidumbu. Ehlobo, izinga lokushisa therein liphume kakhulu.

emfuleni esigodini

Ukuqhubeka ukuphakela ulwazi umehluko phakathi emathafeni emfuleni entabeni, kubalulekile ukucacisa ukuthi ubunjalo phansi kwesigubhu, uvela eziphakeme, okukhethekile ithonya isimo sezwe. notshwala Amanzi abe phansi ezijulile, enamadwala futhi engalingani, futhi ugu cishe njalo libhekene imvelo ezinamadwala Uzalo emaweni. Lolonga phansi entabeni emfuleni esigodini - V emise, ezimweni eziningi. I-track kakhulu efanayo kaningi ewumngcingo, ayinayo ezibanzi bonke ubude bayo. Lesi sikhathi futhi kuncike ukugeleza velocity engela ukuthambekela kwesigubhu. Eliphansi imifula okunengqondo ububanzi godi ekujuleni engajulile kanye nemithambeka ongaphakeme. Umbhede umfudlana enjalo ngokuvamile iyinhlangano nature tortuous, iphansi - silty (clayey ngezinye izikhathi kungenzeka futhi ngezizathu isihlabathi). Ngokuvamile amadwala ingxenye ephansi nesigodi akwenzeki uma umfula emathafeni has izithiyo noma Shoals, besenkolweni amatshe anesihlabathi. meanders elikhulu abizwa ngokuthi meanders (egoba). Isici esivamile se-entabeni futhi elisezansi emifuleni: bangase babe imibundu, okuyinto kakhulu ukuthonya ukugeleza rate. Abakwazi zimiswe lapho ahamba isendaweni rock kanzima (emikhulu, izinkundla).

ukugeleza Isivinini

Kuvele ehilelekile ezibalulekile umbuzo umehluko phakathi emathafeni emfuleni entabeni, kuyoba uhlobo ukugeleza. Amadamu ahlelwe ngesikhathi vertices babe ukugeleza okusheshayo, ngokwesilinganiso ukugeleza rate angase afinyelele ezingeni ukubaluleka 6 m / s. Ezindaweni eduze mathupha le mpophoma, ukuhamba kwamanzi ungaqhubeka ukwandisa. Izinga ukugeleza umfula entabeni incike ezingeni kuthambekela. Ayanda engela, ngokushesha ukugeleza kwamanzi. Eliphansi imifula drift ezolile. imithombo yabo atholakala ezindaweni kancane, ngakho emthambekeni encane.

I kokusetjenziswa komnotho wenarha yabo emifuleni

emifuleni Eliphansi futhi yetintsaba kungukuthi ngokulinganayo esetshenziswa emkhakheni kwezomnotho. Kule ndaba, ukukhetha sokuqala onqobayo kakhulu. Okokuqala, ezikhathini eziningi zingabantu imikhumbi, ngenkathi ukusakaza entabeni ingxubevange cishe kungenakwenzeka (ngaphandle emidlalweni eyingozi kuphela angabhekwa). Ukusakaza Eliphansi babe impahla ukwakha delta evuleka confluence kolwandle noma olwandle. Kuyaziwa ukuthi inhlabathi kule ndawo uvundile impela. Ngo amanzi abo ichthyofauna ezingaphezu kuka emifuleni entabeni. Kuleli qophelo, ke kunomphumela omkhulu lokushisa lamanzi futhi ukugeleza rate. Futhi ngokuya ezokuvakasha kanye nokungcebeleka, emifuleni elisezansi kakhulu athuthukile.