Kuyini JavaScripts? I-JavaScript Imisebenzi Basic

I-Web-izikripthi izinhlelo elotshwe ngqo endaweni html-ikhodi noma nje amafayela, okuyinto akukhetha kakhulu. Lezi zinhlelo zibhaliwe-JavaScript. Ngakho, ngaphandle yokuthi Javascripts ezinjalo, singasho ukuthi ulimi lokwakha izinhlelo ukuthi sitolikwa.

Javascript ukufunda isiphequluli, bese ukusebenzisa inkulumo ethi eqoshiwe, futhi uphathe, okuyinto asethwe ngaphezu ikhasi. I-JavaScript-syntax yakho iyafana izilimi izinhlelo ezifana Java, C ++ futhi C.

I-JavaScript ukweleta ukubonakala kwawo ekuthuthukiseni izinkampani ezifana Sun Microsystems (Oracle) futhi-Netscape (Mozilla). Igama yokuqala lolulimi LiveScript. Nokho, ngenxa yokuthi ngaleso sikhathi kwaba ethandwa kakhulu ulimi Java ovela inkampani-Sun Microsystems, Umnyango wezokumaketha Netscape yenkampani, kwanqunywa ukuba ushintshe igama lolimi ku-JavaScript. Uma lokhu Kuye kwabikwa ukuthi lesi sinyathelo unezela ulimi ethandwa. Futhi, ngaphandle yokuthi Javascripts enjalo, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi Java kanye ne-JavaScript kukhona izilimi ezimbili ezihlukene.

ECMA-262 liyindinganiso esemthethweni ulimi. Igama ulimi i-JavaScript - ECMAScript.

Ukuze ucwaningo lolu limi kuyoba usizo lwatinchanti mayelana CSS futhi Html. Uma ngaphambi kulo mzuzwana ungazi mayelana CSS futhi Html, kufanele kube ngokushesha ajwayelekile.

Imikhawulo kanye ne-JavaScript enikwe amakhono

Izici ezilandelayo avele isicelo kuwebhu-emakhasini iskripthi [isuswe]:

• Ukungeza ezihlukahlukene izithombe imiphumela, okuyinto akubangelwa esebenzisa Html futhi CSS.
• Amandla ukushintsha Html izakhi okuqukethwe nokungeza tags amasha ngaphandle kabusha ikhasi.
• Ukuphendula umcimbi (Ukuphendula okokufaka komsebenzisi) - ukucutshungulwa okhiye kukhibhodi futhi isikhombisi segundane.
• Ukuqaliswa kwalawa amasheke, okuyinto kwangena emasimini ifomu ngaphambi kokuthi ithunyelwe kwiseva. Lokhu kunciphisa umthwalo iseva isheshisa isayithi umsebenzi.
• Ukunquma inguqulo yesiphequluli kanye ukulayisha ikhasi oyifunayo ezisuselwa kulesi.

Lena akuyona uhlu oluphelele amaskriphthi amakhono, okuye ezabhalwa ngalolu limi, i-JavaScript imisebenzi babe kunencazelo ebanzi kunalokho.

Ngaphezu kwalezi zici, kukhona ukulinganiselwa yokusetshenziswa zimo:

• Akukho ukufinyelela amafayela ukuthi ibekwe ikhompyutha yomsebenzisi. Ngokuvamile, awunakho ukufinyelela ngaphandle lewebhu uqobo. Ukukhethwa kungenzeka i-cookie kuphela angafundwa futhi ebhalwe nge-JavaScript. Izinhloso zalolu hlobo zivamise ezidingekayo ekhasini umthwalo ngokushesha kuphela.
• Akukho kungenzeka isiphambano imibuzo indawo, okusho ukuba afinyelele Web amakhasi esizindeni esehlukile, ngisho noma uvula amathebhu eduze.
• Ayikho indlela ukuvala amathebhu namawindi ezavulwa nalo.
• Akukho kungenzeka Ukuvikelwa umbhalo yoqobo ekhasini kanye nokuvimbela ukukopisha izithombe noma umbhalo kusuka ekhasini. Lokhu kushiya kungenzeka ukwengeza ezinye imikhawulo ukuvumela i-JavaScript imisebenzi.

Ukuvinjelwa okunjalo kukhona kwezinye izindlela ezinzima ezokhipha ikhodi enonya.

Kuyini Javascripts?

Njengoba mina kuphawulwe ngenhla, i-JavaScript - ulimi enikeza ukuxhumana kumakhasi ewebhu. Ngosizo lolu limi kukhona izicelo ukuthi zifakwe Html-ikhodi. Ngokwesibonelo, ifomu lokubhalisa noma lwemibuzo ugcwalise ngumsebenzisi. I-JavaScript ngokuvamile kudidaniswe Java, kodwa phakathi kwalezi zilimi kuncane kakhulu abafana ngakho.

Abanye baze qhathanisa nabanye ngolimi-JavaScript Ruby, Self, Python. Kodwa siwulimi ehlukile.

Ukusebenzisa i-JavaScript

Ukusebenzisa i-JavaScript, ungenza izinguquko ekhasini, shintsha izingxenye isitayela, engeza noma khipha ama-tags. Kungenzeka futhi ukufunda ngezenzo zayo yomsebenzisi ekhasini (ukwehla noma ukwandisa endaweni yokusebenza kwesikrini, ukuchofozwa igundane, cindezela amakhi, ikhasi ebonakalayo). Kungenzeka ukufinyelela kunoma isici Html-ikhodi bese zokukhwabanisa kanye lesi sici. Ngakho, impendulo yombuzo othi "Yini JavaScripts?» Kuyoba ithuba ukulanda idatha ngaphandle kabusha ikhasi, imiyalezo input, kusethwa noma ukufunda ikhukhi futhi enze nezinye izenzo eziningi.

Ngesisekelo ubunjalo-JavaScript

I okwakhe esemqoka yalolu limi ukuthi unakho ukusekelwa cishe zonke iziphequluli futhi has ukuhlanganiswa ngokugcwele kubo. Zonke izenzo ku-JavaScript silula. Awukho omunye ubuchwepheshe yokuhlala zonke izinzuzo ezinjalo. Ngokwesibonelo, akukho cross-isiphequluli, bona awasekelwe kuzo zonke iziphequluli (kungcono XUL,-ActiveX, VBScript). Futhi, kukhona labo abangahambi ukuhlanganisa ngokugcwele isiphequluli. It Silverlight, Flash, Java. Njengamanje kukhona ukuthuthukiswa okukhulu lobu buchwepheshe, futhi izakhi-JavaScript isakhiwa 2.

Alternative izilimi programmmirovaniya

Kuyinto ukuthi i-JavaScript lilinganiselwe. Kulokhu, kuzosiza zilimi ezilandelayo izinhlelo.

Java

Indlela esetshenziswa kakhulu ulimi - Java. Ngosizo ulimi esachazwa algorithm eziyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa ngaso sonke isikhathi kudingeka kwiwebhusayithi ezivamile. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, isikhathi eside ukulanda java-applet`y futhi ube isamba esikhulu.

Flash

Kusukela ekuqaleni, ulimi Flash lwenzelwe njengoba cross-brazuerny nokudala izinto multimedia. Ngokwesibonelo, ukwakha izindawo interactive online, imidlalo, izibhengezo, abadlali alalelwayo video. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, usebenzisa Flash ukwakha izisekelo (uxhumano lwenethiwekhi), ungasebenza abezindaba, ukugcina izinto akudingeki ukuthumela izicelo iseva. Kukhona elula sokuqhafaza amathuluzi ukuthuthukiswa i-Flash.

Uma siqhathanisa ukushiyeka Flash kanye ne-JavaScript, okuyinto izinto zihluke kakhulu, ububi eyinhloko Flash nangenkomba yayo ompofu izinjini. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izinjini go for izixhumanisi Html. Futhi akukho ikhono ukhethe umbhalo okungukuthi ku-Flash esitsheni.

Silverlight, Vbscript, JavaFX, XUL

Ukuqinisa i-JavaScript amakhono uma ekwakheni interface kanye nezokuxhumana, ukusetshenziswa Silverlight technology, Vbscript, JavaFX, XUL.
Zisetshenziswa namanje ngezikhathi ezithile kuka-Flash kanye ne-JavaScript. Ukugqamisa izici ngamunye wabo angaba basho lokhu okulandelayo:

- XUL - esetshenziswa incazelo kwezicelo ideskithophu interface. Kodwa kungenzeka kuphela uma uhlelo i-Mozilla.

- JavaFX - isebenza kuphela kwikhompyutha nge-Java, ngoba ngaphezu ulimi.

- Vbscript - yasungulwa ngu-Microsoft. Wakhonza njengoba isisekelo Basic Visual. Lolu limi akwenzeki ngokuphazima nganoma iyiphi indlela, kulezi zinsuku ngeke neze wake wasebenzisa, kuye ngokuthi isivuno-JavaScript.

Silverlight - yasungulwa ngu-Microsoft njengoba nathi ku-Flash. Wabuye akanayo ukuthandwa kakhulu kusukela I-JavaScript amayunithi wezinhlamvu ungakwazi ukunikeza okungaphezu iskripthi ikhasi.

Indlela JavaScript futhi yini iphutha-JavaScript

Manje kubalulekile ukuxoxa izinkinga zansuku zonke yabasebenzisi inethiwekhi. Namuhla, bayanda ngokuvamile kwenzeka ukuthi umsebenzisi ngemuva kokuvakashela ikhasi lakhe emphakathini. inethiwekhi ubona ewindini engenhla umyalezo wephutha "JavaScript ayivunyelwe", "Ukuze operation kahle isayithi JavaScript», «-JavaScript iphutha». Kanjani ukukulungisa - engathí sina, ngoba ngenkathi kukhona ubunzima ukulayisha ividiyo nesithombe somsebenzisi.

Kungenzeka kanjani ukuthi ngibe uvumele i-JavaScript Mozilla Firefox

Uma ngabe umsebenzisi esebenza Mozilla, udinga ukuya "Amathuluzi" bese "Izilungiselelo". Khona-ke, kuthebhu "Okuqukethwe" udinga uphawu ebhokisini kwaphawula "i-JavaScript Sebenzisa".

Njengoba i-JavaScript ifakiwe ku-Google Chrom

Ukuze vumela noma vimbela i-JavaScript kusiphequluli Le nqubo elandelayo iyadingeka :. "Ukubeka up nokuphatha-Google Chrom", "Izilungiselelo" "Okuthuthukisiwe" "Idatha yomuntu siqu (ukubeka okuqukethwe)", "i-JavaScript" Vumela wonke amasayithi ukuthi asebenzise i-JavaScript (kunconyiwe).

Kungenzeka kanjani ukuthi ngibe uvumele i-JavaScript Opera

Ukuze vumela noma vimbela i-JavaScript kusiphequluli liyadingeka ukwenza lokhu okulandelayo:

- Cindezela ikhi F12.

- Khetha okukhethwa kukho okuthi "Vumela i-JavaScript".

Njengoba i-JavaScript likhona IE ( "i-Internet Explorer")

Ukuze vumela noma vimbela JavaScript "I-Internet Explorer", ufuna ukwenza lokhu okulandelayo: "Amathuluzi", "Izinketho ze-Internet", "Ukuphepha" ithebhu, "Khetha Inthanethi zone", inkinobho "Izinga Ngokwezifiso", khetha "zimo", "Vumela okulotshiwe."

JavaScript VC

Elithandwa kakhulu kuleli CIS yokuxhumana "VKontakte" njalo liveza lezimanga. Bayanda abasebenzisi "VKontakte" akhononde ukungakwazi ukulalela umsindo, noma ukungakwazi ukubuka ividiyo.

Ukuze uxazulule le nkinga kudinga i-JavaScript ukulungisa iphutha kunethiwekhi "VKontakte".

Kuyini i-JavaScript VK iphutha?

Umsebenzisi uvakashele ikhasi kwi yokuxhumana futhi uzame ukuqalisa isiqophi noma ifayela lokulalelwayo, kodwa ke ezitholakala ekhoneni elingenhla esinxeleni bhalo oqoshiwe «-JavaScript Iphutha: initAddMedia akachaziwe». Lo mlayezo oluvelayo uma nephutha
«[Kukhishwe] initAddMedia».

Izindlela ukuxazulula inkinga nge iphutha yokuxhumana "VKontakte":

- Okokuqala, ufuna ukuya "Qala," "Ikhompyutha Yami" ifolda ne-Windows. Khona-ke ugxumele engxenyei e umshayeli ifolda system32. Khona-ke kufolda njll

- Phakathi inombolo encane mafayela kufolda ufuna ukhethe ifayela Sebawoti.
Khona-ke ifayela ivulekile usebenzisa "incwajana". Kubonakala sengathi lokhu: ku Sebawoti kufayela kufanele ucindezele inkinobho yegundane kwesokudla bese ukhetha "Vula." Khona-ke ungakhetha "Umbhalo Umhleli WordPad».

Ngemva kokuvula ifayela ofuna ukubheka ifayela irekhodi 127.0.0.1 ekusingatheni kwasendaweni. Noma yimuphi omunye okufakiwe kukhona engadingekile futhi kuphela ukuvimbela futhi ukuvimba operation esitebeleni of amafayela alalelwayo video. Kuyadingeka ukuba asuse ngokuphelele lonke ulwazi kusuka ifayela bese ukopisha kuphela localhost umbhalo oqoshiwe 127.0.0.1. Okulandelayo, udinga uchofoze "Londoloza" futhi kabusha ikhompyutha yakho. Lapho "VKontakte" ikhasi kamuva lapho evakashela konke uzosebenza esihle.