Kwegazi Okubalulekile: Izimpawu, Ubangela, Ihlahlubo, Ukwelashwa

Essential nomfutho wegazi ophezulu kuyinto esingamahlalakhona zokugula hlobo. izinguquko morphological ngemuva kwalesi sifo zihlukile, konke kuncike uhlobo ivelaphi. Ngokulandelako, cabangela ukuthi umfutho wegazi ophakeme Essential limelela wonke lamadigri zaba namandla kakhulu.

Uhlolojikelele

The main uphawu basemtholampilo isifo ubhekwa ukukhuphuka ziphikelele ingcindezi izinkomba. Sifo kusekelwe exclusion bonke nezinye izinhlobo zesifo. nomfutho wegazi ophezulu Essential iqinile kusukela mzuzu ukwehla kwezinso umsebenzi nokudangala. Okokuqala izinguquko morphological ukunweba nezitsha inhliziyo negazi.

okufana kuyinsakavukela

Embusweni enempilo, ingcindezi eyenziwe ukwehla ventricle engakwesobunxele. Kulokhu onomopho uyakhishwa ku le-aorta, bese uya ku imithambo ezincane. ingcindezi ezingeni isethwe ngokuhambisana umthamo wegazi izitsha, degree of ukungezwani izindonga Umthambo. Inani has futhi ithoni arteriolar (kwesincane kunazo zonke iziteshi). Kwegazi kuwukwanda izitsha lwemithambo kwendilinga enkulu ingcindezi hydrostatic. Ngokuvamile, izinkomba buyehluka kuye isimo somuntu. Ngakho, ngesikhathi sokulala zingabantu phansi, kuyilapho ukucindezeleka psycho-ngokomzwelo noma ngokomzimba bayanda. Nokho, njengoba umthetho, ingcindezi ubuyela evamile - kusuka 100/60 ukuze 140/90. Uma izibalo letinikwe lapha ngenhla, bese nithole nomfutho wegazi ophezulu. Izizathu okuyinto ebalulekile umfutho wegazi ophakeme emithanjeni, ezahlukene.

engcupheni

nomfutho wegazi ophezulu Essential ubhekwa owande kakhulu nomfutho wegazi ophezulu, kodwa sicasulwa ukumambula akunakwenzeka njalo. Nokho, in iziguli zokugula, wathola ubudlelwano ezithile isici. Ngokwesibonelo, umfutho ophakeme wegazi Essential kwenzeka kuphela kulawo maqembu lapho izinga likasawoti ukusetshenziswa idlula 5.8 g / usuku. Ochwepheshe wazi ukuthi lokhu empeleni i engayitholi ngokweqile kungase kube obalulekile ingozi factor. Ikakhulukazi othambekele ukuthuthukisa nomfutho wegazi ophezulu, abadala, nalabo esingamahlalakhona kwezinso, ukukhuluphala. Kukhona isici zofuzo.

ngifundise ngesifo sikashukela

Endaweni kuqala sitholakele nemlandvo wetekwelashwa kwakhe kubalulekile. nomfutho wegazi ophezulu Essential ivame ukuhlotshaniswa sikashukela. Kwamanyikwe iqukethe neziqhingana ka-Langerhans amaseli. Lenza insulin hormone. It uqaphe lokuhlushwa glucose, ikhuthaza ukudluliswa aso timphawu tesakhiwo. Ndawonye nalokhu, futhi insulini has a action vasodilating. Ngokuvamile inkanuko hormone sebeyakwazi ukwenza umsebenzi nozwela. Kulesi blood pressure aliguquki. Kodwa ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ngokwesibonelo, ngifundise ngesifo sikashukela, onozwela umsebenzi eqabulayo kungase BUSA umphumela vasodilating.

I zofuzo isici

Ochwepheshe bathi ilapho lapho ibonakala omunye ukhiye ekuthuthukiseni zokugula. Nokho, izakhi zofuzo ezibangela okuvela umfutho wegazi ophakeme, azitholakalanga. Namuhla, abacwaningi sisebenza ekutadisheni izici ezithinta uhlelo renin-angiotensin. It uhlanganyela synthesis eziphila abakhuthele compounds - renin - itshe esivivaneni yokucindezeleka okwandayo. Lolu hlelo itholakala nezinso. nomfutho wegazi ophezulu Essential imayelana 30% amacala kubangelwa ufuzo. Ngokwesibonelo, tigameko lingaphezulu e Afrika American kuka-European noma e-Eshiya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bathambekele kakhudlwana kunabanye ukuthuthukiswa pathologies labo babe oyedwa noma bobabili abazali uhlushwa nomfutho wegazi ophezulu. Ezimweni ezingavamile, umfutho ophakeme wegazi Essential is phetho isifo esidluliselwa ngofuzo kusukela nezindlala adrenal.

zokugula semithambo

Iningi leziguli ezine-nomfutho wegazi ophezulu abe ukumelana (ukwehla kuyaqina) ka arteriole. Lezi zitsha zidluliselwa ku-capillary. Lapho kuyaqina ukulahlekelwa iqala ukwandisa ingcindezi. Isizathu ukuphulwa ezinjalo arteriole Akucaci ngokuphelele. Kodwa yathola ukuthi ukuncipha semithambo kuyaqina isici abantu nge nomfutho wegazi ophezulu zibangelwa ufuzo, ukuguga ngokweqile kusawoti ithi ukungawuvivinyi umzimba. A indima zokugula futhi kungokwalabo izinqubo ukuvuvukala. Kule ndaba, ukuthola amaprotheni C-esisheshayo egazini ekhuthaza bangase benze njengokungathi isici prognostic.

ukukhuluphala

Lena isici esibalulekile ukuze nesenzakalo nomfutho wegazi ophezulu ebalulekile. Lapho ukhuluphele ematfuba isifo ngenhla izikhathi 5. Ngokwesibonelo, e-United States cishe izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu yazo zonke amacala nomfutho wegazi ophezulu elihlobene ne ukukhuluphala. Bangaphezu kuka-85% eziguli kanye umzimba mass index okukhulu kuka-25.

sodium

Le ngxube nakho kubalulekile ekuthuthukiseni nomfutho wegazi ophezulu. Cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yazo zonke amacala nomfutho wegazi ophezulu, lihlotshaniswa engayitholi ngokweqile sodium. Ukuqhubekela phambili kwesifo kusekelwe ikhono enkompolo okugcina amanzi. Lapho ukucindezela kwabanye ngokweqile is okuqukethwe anda egazini ketshezi.

renin

Umthelela lokhu kwakwakhe eziphila abakhuthele lihlotshaniswa ukwanda ithoni semithambo. Lokhu kubangela ukwenyuka ingcindezi. Kwegazi kungenzeka ukuthi umataniswe kokubili emazingeni aphansi kanye eliphezulu renin. Ngokwesibonelo, okuqukethwe enkompolo encishisiwe ukusebenza isici abantu abamnyama. Kule ndaba, therapy ngempumelelo ngaphezulu ezibhekwa isisu.

Ezinye izici

Kwatholakala ukuthi ukuthuthukiswa nomfutho wegazi ophezulu is kakhulu ehlaselwe snoring. Ngiphephile ayeke ukunisa ezivamile futhi abalulekile isici kubhekwe ubudala. Kuyo yonke le minyaka e odongeni isitsha itholwa ukwanda isibalo collagen ethandele. Ngenxa yalokhu, kukhona ukuqina kanye nokulahlekelwa kuyaqina yabo, ekunciphiseni mafutha anciphisa isikhala esingaphakathi.

emitholampilo isithombe

Esiboniswe nomfutho wegazi ophezulu kubalulekile? Izimpawu ze-isifo ngokuvamile ayikho. Njengoba izenzo ezithile kuphela kuphuma isikhathi eside kuphela yokucindezeleka okwandayo. Kukhona amagugu emnceleni, owawuthi ngoba uyayazi imbangela. Ngakho, ukuze "phezulu" (systole) ingcindezi 140-159 mm HG. Art, ngoba diastolic -. 90-94. Kwezinye izimo, eyinhloko nomfutho wegazi ophezulu Essential kuhambisana:

• Emaphilisini ekhanda ngemuva ekhanda.
• Palpitations.
• umbono Double.
• Tinnitus.

Amandla lezi zimpawu okuthuthukiswa waba ukwanda okukhulu kwezincwadi ingcindezi (abanomfutho wegazi ophakeme esibucayi). Nezinguquko sokuqala imithambo yegazi kanye izitho zangaphakathi engelapheki ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Njengoba "uphawu" inhliziyo, izinso, ubuchopho.

isigaba sokugembula

Ngo isimo ngaphansi ezinzima libhekene gqwa ingcindezi kuyanda (diastolic - mkhulu kunezinhliziyo 95). Kulokhu, isimo njengoba sinjalo kungenzeka ngaphandle ukusetshenziswa kwemithi. Umonakalo obangelwa isilinganiso zokugula libhekene lenyukile ingcindezi (diastolic - in the uhla 105-114). Kulo sinyathelo, ke kungatholakala ama-venule ukunwetshwa, arteriolar ukuvaleka, ukopha fundus ngaphandle ezinye izifo. Isinyathelo Heavy kuyahluka ukwanda komthwalo ingcindezi (diastolic - ezingaphezu kuka 115). isimo njengoba sinjalo ingekho ngisho nangemva obumbi. Kulesigaba izinguquko evelele ku fundus. Isimo nayo ephelezelwa ukuthuthukiswa ukuqina kwemithambo yegazi arteriolo-, washiya ventricular hypertrophy, Cardiosclerosis. ukuhlelwa kabusha sokugembula yezitho zangaphakathi ayatholakala.

Comorbidities

Kwegazi kungase kulandelwe:

• nephropathy Diabetic.
• pectoris Angina.
• Senhliziyo.
• Revascularization kwemithambo yegazi yenhliziyo.
• thuthuva zesikhashana kwegazi cerebral palsy.
• Oluhambisana nonhlangothi ischemic.
• Ukuvuvukala emsipheni optic.
• Ukopha noma exudate.
• retinopathy Sinzima.
• Useshonile.
• Sezinso futhi congestive yokumelwa yinhliziyo.

ukuhlola

Kusekelwe ukuhlolwa izinkomba ingcindezi. Ukuze sicacise uphethwe kudingeka okungenani ube izilinganiso ezimele ezintathu. Lokhu isebenzisa sphygmomanometer mercury futhi indlela Korotkoff. Ukuxilongwa amafomu yesibili zokugula futhi ukunquma izinga lomonakalo isitho kwenziwa ucwaningo olwengeziwe. Ikakhulukazi, isiguli ezinqunyiwe umchamo futhi igazi amasampula ethize futhi jikelele, ultrasound izibilini inhliziyo, ezihlukahlukene izivivinyo, ECG nokunye.

kukulandzelela kwemalanga onkhe

Uma usebenzisa le ndlela ukufunda isiguli ukugqoka automatic blood pressure qapha, ukulungisa ezingeni wegazi emini. Isikhawu phakathi izilinganiso, ngokuvamile imizuzu 30-60 60-120 imizuzu imini nobusuku. Imiphumela iba yinhlanganisela yokukhandleka emashumini ambalwa imiphumela. Ngokusekelwe idatha singakwazi ukuthola ingcindezi isilinganiso suku, nobusuku, ngosuku. Ngaphezu izinkomba ngqo, kungenzeka ukuthola ulwazi, okuyinto ngokungaqondile ibonisa umfutho wegazi ophakeme. Ukwaziswa okunjalo kwenza nesilinganiso ijubane okwandisa kanye nokuncipha ingcindezi ngezikhathi ezahlukahlukene ngosuku.

nomfutho wegazi ophezulu Okubalulekile: ukwelashwa

Zikhona izindlela ezehlukene yokululama. Kukhethwa kuzoncika uhlamvu nobukhali isifo. Ngakho, kubalulekile futhi renovascular nomfutho wegazi ophezulu ekhombisa kukhona ukungezwani phakathi ngamandla. Ngokuyinhloko izinyathelo zokwelapha kufanele iqondiswe bacindezele sinjalo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo sidinga ukulungisa zonke izici eziyingozi. Isiguli kumele ayeke ukubhema kanye nezinye imikhuba emibi, kubuketa Ukudla kulesetayelekile isisindo. Yalezo ziguli kutholakala umfutho ophakeme wegazi kubalulekile, ukwelashwa kufanele iqondiswe ukuqeda pathologies concomitant: sikashukela, kanye nabanye. Ngokukhethekile kufanele kukhokhelwe ngokomzimba umsebenzi lwemithi nokuvuka nesokulala. Esikhathini imenyu inani usawoti kanye ezilwane kumele kungancipha. Esikhathini ekudleni ukudla isitshalo kufanele khona, imikhiqizo yobisi, ukolweni, izithelo nemifino. Kanye nalezi imikhiqizo ngeke iyangena izakhi zomzimba trace nezinye izingxube zamakhemikhali ewusizo, amavithamini.

imiphumela izidakamizwa

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi umfutho ophakeme wegazi kubalulekile kulula ukuqeda. Namuhla e-Russia ukuncoma amakilasi eziyisikhombisa izidakamizwa. nomfutho wegazi ophezulu Renovascular (zesibili) ayiqondakali iqedwe. Kulokhu, ukwelashwa kuhloswe ngokuyinhloko at ukulwa nezifo ezinkulu. Phakathi kwezidakamizwa engabelwe izifo, yilezi ezilandelayo:

• Isisu (imithi isisu). Asiza ukususa uketshezi okweqile kusukela umzimba. Lezi zihlanganisa izimali "Furosemide", "Hypothiazid" nabanye.
• Futhi beta blocker. Igcine ukusetshenziswa ngesikhathi pathologies concomitant kuphela. Beta-blocker zihlanganisa "nadolol," "acebutolol".
• Calcium abantu abamelene nani. Nale engayitholi ezengeziwe magnesium ngaphakathi ukudla nakho ungase ucabangele reception calcium isitha.
• ACE inhibitor.
• Imidozalina yokwamukela agonists.
• Angiotensin yokwamukela abamelene (elisho ukuthi "losartan").

Ukukhethwa izidakamizwa Kwenziwa ngudokotela wakho.