London, uBig Ben: incazelo, umlando, amaqiniso athakazelisayo

Ubuningi izinto ezithakazelisayo - cishe imbangela eyinhloko labo ophoqelelwe izinkulungwane izivakashi ezivela kuwo wonke umhlambi wonke ukuba London njalo ngonyaka. UBig Ben - isakhiwo mlando, okuyinto kufanele uyaziqhenya inhloko-dolobha yase-UK. Yini mayelana iwashi elikhulu ekhombisa isikhathi ngokunemba okumangalisayo laziwa, singathi yini indaba yokuphila kwabo?

UBig Ben eLondon: igama

Kungani uphawu dolobha yaseNgilandi kwaba nje igama obungajwayelekile? Ekuqaleni leli gama wanikezwa insimbi enkulu, elise basembhoshongweni Palace of Westminster. I ububanzi we umkhiqizo isizinda has amamitha amathathu, isisindo kudlulela ngale amathani 13. Kancane kancane, lo Clock Tower, okuyinto iyisonto insimbi kanye iwashi, ine usayizi umxhwele, saqala ngokuthi kanye. Kwase kuphele amashumi eminyaka kamuva, umhlaba wonke wayazi ukuthi uBig Ben - iwashi umbhoshongo eLondon.

Abenyukela igama uncharacteristic, okuyinto ekuqaleni ukhishwa insimbi? Kukhona zinkondlo ezimbili zasendulo zichaza imvelaphi igama. Ethandwa kakhulu wabo ethi iwashi ubophekile ngegama yayo yasekuqaleni umakhi Benjamin Hall, obhekene befeza umsebenzi wokwakha. Kukholakala ukuthi le ndoda, abizwa kanjalo ngenxa Imizimba elinesithunzi.

Kancane kancane ethandwa theory yesibili. Uma bathembele kuso, uphawu yaseLondon lethiwa emva abadumile British boxer sosondonzima Benjamin Ukubala.

ukwakhiwa

Lapho isikhonkwane, okuyinto izishaya isifuba ku London sidalwe? UBig Ben linomlando omude. It waqala emuva ngo 1288, lapho Clock Tower, egcwele ingxenye yakhiwa Palace of Westminster. Ngeshwa, umlilo elafika ngo-1834, baholela ekubhujisweni kwalesi sakhi yezakhiwo. Yiqiniso, ngemva kweminyaka embalwa ashona kwanqunywa ukuba kabusha ke.

Ubani athuthukile iphrojekthi basembhoshongweni abadumile, lelo ngisho nanamuhla ivame ukubona wonke umuntu ngokuvakashela London? UBig Ben - brainchild of wezakhiwo Awugustu Pyudzhina eyaziwa yamaphrojekthi yayo isitayela Gothic Revival. Ngeshwa, le ndoda yafa ngaphambi iphrojekthi lakhe lalethwa ekuphileni. Ukwakhiwa kombhoshongo laqedwa 1858, ngo-1859 kwaba khona zemikhosi kwethulwa m clockwork.

Okokuqala esetshenziselwa ukukhanyisa izakhiwo negesi izimpondo, ugesi yasetshenziselwa kuphela ngo-1912.

umkhiqizo sebhithi

Brick umbhoshongo, ebekiwe umqhele ngumuntu Spire cast iron, setha phezu kwesisekelo sasakhiwe ngokhonkolo, okuphakama kwawo has 15 amamitha. Ukuze ebhekene isici yezakhiwo esetshenziswa limestone anemibala. Ngisho ngaphandle ukuphakama Spire basembhoshongweni elingamamitha angaphezu kuka-60, kanye-ke - 96,3 amamitha. Kanjani ukuqonda eyingqopha liyababazeka, okuyinto uqhosha London? UBig Ben has a ukuphakama ufana kwemigomo isakhiwo 16-storey.

Ngeshwa, umbhoshongo asakhelwanga mass ngokuvakashela, izivakashi UK inhlokodolobha ongakubona kude kuphela, kanye nabakhileyo muzi. Akumangalisi ukuthi iphrojekthi ayisebenzisi phakamisa noma ngamakheshi avulwa. Labo abafuna ukuba bakhuphuke, kumelwe azinqobe ingqikithi izinyathelo 334.

Yiziphi amahora

Akunakwenzeka ukuhlukanisa ukungahlali ngicabanga lento, njengoba iwashi uBig Ben. ELondon, azikho analogue, okungase ancintisane nabo ngokuya ngesayizi. Kuze emashumini ambalwa eminyaka edlule, lezi zinto zazingeyona inkinga emhlabeni wonke. Kutfutfukiswa iwashi dials wathatha Pyudzhin. Lapho khona leyo migomo 312 amakhophi Opal ingilazi, kwase kunesiqiniseko eziyisikhombisa imitha Uhlaka ezenziwe ngensimbi, amasondo zegolide.

Ezivelele izilinganiso zobukhulu kanye namathuluzi isiqondiso. akhawunti Minute ngoba 4.2 imitha eside, wazenza ngethusi. Ukuze womshini yensimbi ngokwewashi esetshenziswa, ubude bazo has 2.7 amamitha. Clock Ukudayela igibele ukuphakama 55 metres. Ingqikithi yesisindo ukunyakaza ivame ukuba amathani 5. I-pendulum, okuyinto ukala mayelana 300 kg, itholakala ngaphakathi umbhoshongo, etholakala ngezansi egumbini iwashi.

On ukunemba

Njengoba wazi, uBig Ben eLondon. I abakhileyo kulo muzi ngenhla zonke sokugcina isikhathi ukubeka. Akumangalisi ukuthi iwashi umise ngokwaso njengoba lizinga nokwethenjelwa, kusukela laba uphawu inhlokodolobha British eside. Umhlangano we ukunyakaza - isibopho leliniketwe ukuba wamawashi Edward Dent. Master lapho zibhekene nomsebenzi ngo-1854. double Yiqiniso ezintathu isigaba esiyingqayizivele lwakhiwe ukuqinisekisa okusezingeni eliphezulu ukunemba iwashi.

Kuyaziwa ukuthi ukunemba ukunyakaza kungaphansi kwama-2 imizuzwana ngosuku. Ngokumangalisayo, ukunemba mshini ukusebenza kulawulwa uhlamvu lwemali odnopensovoy, okuyinto ibekwe phezu pendulum ke isuswe.

Abanye abantu bakholelwa ukuthi iwashi omangalisayo akazange ayeke kuboniswe ngophawu. Lesi sitatimende ikuphikise umlando uBig Ben. ELondon okokuqala sibhekene umonakalo yabo ngo-1976, it aphula avtoregulyator indlela ukunyakaza. Buka ukulungisa wathatha izinyanga ezingaba ngu-9, ngesikhathi lapho akusebenzanga. Qala kabusha waba ngikweluleke labetibambile ngoMeyi 1977. Kube nokuhluleka emsebenzini wabo, futhi kamuva, kodwa izinkinga zakhishwa ngokushesha kakhulu kunalokho okwenzeka ngesikhathi sekhefu kuqala. Ngokuthakazelisayo, uBig Ben wahlupheka phakathi neMpi Yezwe II ngenxa ngamabhomu, kodwa umonakalo ophahleni lombhoshongo akazange enze okuthembekile iwashi indlela behluleka.

Kuyini insimbi

Akukhona nje usayizi umbhoshongo inikeza amahora of ukuthandwa, okungakwazi ukuncintisana namanye ezikhangayo yaseLondon. UBig Ben sinikezwe insimbi omkhulu okwenza i mpi. Lo mkhiqizo ngaphakathi umbhoshongo. Kuyaziwa ukuthi thusi insimbi wabelwa Iseluleki Edmund Beckett Denison. Lo muntu wanquma ukwenza okuthile wokuvelela ngisho nangaphezu "Velikiy Petr", etholakala York, nesisindo esingamathani ayishumi. Selimise yebheli isisindo ingqikithi amathani 16.

Kokuthutha izimpahla enqoleni yasetshenziselwa, okuyinto usetshenziswe amahhashi 16. Bell babekhonza iminyaka esingaphansi kwezinyanga ezimbili, khona-ke aqhephukile. Ngenxa yalokho, inguqulo entsha idalwe, nenqwaba okungadingi eqele ngalé amathani 13. Kwenzeka inqaba, kuyilapho isisindo lancipha ngesigamu, eyayintula isando, ashaye kwenkokhelo.

Ngeshwa, aqhephukile isikhencezo yesibili, kodwa salungiswa. Kwanqunywa ukwakha propyl square, okuyinto akuvumeli imifantu ukusakaza. Kwathiwa wenza ithuba elincane uBig Ben, lapho isando saphela kuthinte umonakalo.

amaqiniso ezithakazelisayo

ukukhala Okokuqala resonant lizwakele abakhileyo dolobha ekupheleni Meyi 1859. UBig Ben eLondon kade iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-150. Oxhumana lokuqala ngesando insimbi kwenziwa ngosuku lwesibili lokuqala kokuqala amahora entsha. Iwashi akukwazi ngasekupheleni, ngoba intuthuko yabo kuyaqashwa ngosizo i-English penny umuntu osebenza njengokuvimbelayo walowo. Kwenzeka inqaba, lo mqaphi wafuna nomlilo, lapho iwashi kanye abadumile ibambezeleke yesibili owodwa. Yiqiniso, njalo kwenziwe ukuseviswa isheke indlela.

Kazi uBig Ben, etholakala e-London, likhethwe ukuba ngimemezele ekuqaleni kwekhulu 21th, ngobusuku December 31, 2000. Lezi amawashi komhlaba jikelele isikhathi ejwayelekile. Kuze emashumini ambalwa eminyaka edlule, ayebonakala esesabekayo kakhulu emhlabeni mshini, kodwa leli rekhodi uye wakwazi ukushaya iwashi ogibele inkampani "Mandla Bradley" isakhiwo, okuyinto etholakala isimo US Wisconsin.

uphawu London

Namuhla kunzima ukujwayelana nomuntu akazi kumuphi umuzi Big Ben - London. iwashi Famous ikhala ukushicilela, izakhamuzi UK ukugubha ngaphansi lapho uNyaka Omusha WamaShayina. Isetshenziselwa uma udinga kwesikhashana kuthule elihlobene ne izenzakalo lusizi emhlabeni. Cishe zonke wobuciko kanye documentary amafilimu enikelwe England, igcinwe omkhulu isingeniso isithombe uBig Ben. Kusukela izithombe basembhoshongweni abadumile baqala nezinhlelo izindaba zendawo.