Lovecraft, "Necronomicon": incazelo

Govard Lavkraft - Umbhali waseMelika washiya ifa elikhulu etemibhalo. Ezweni lanamuhla has ukumtshela "ngiyabonga" ngeqhaza labo wabasiza kakhulu elikhulu ekuthuthukiseni imibhalo nemicabango. Njengoba umlobi ngokwakhe wabhala: "Mesabeni - umqondo kakhulu lasendulo profound lomuntu nokwesaba enkulu - ukwesaba okudalwa ukungazi."

Ujwayele kumbhali

Govard Lavkraft akuloba izinhlobo fantasy, horror nezimfihlakalo. Yena ngempumelelo kuhlanganiswe lezi Amathrendi ezintathu ukuthi emenza namahlebezi amaningi. Lovecraft wadala umhlaba eziyingqayizivele Cthulhu izinganekwane. Phakathi nokuphila kwakhe, njengoba kuvame ukuba njalo kwenzeka, umsebenzi wakhe akakujabulelanga ithandwa enkulu. Ngemva kokufa kwakhe yaqala ukuba nethonya bayanda izincwadi yesimanje. Ukuze kudvwebela ithalente lalobhalako, imisebenzi yakhe eyingqayizivele baye banikezwe subgenre ahlukene - horror Lovecraftian.

Umfana wazalelwa e Providence futhi kwaba nje vó komntwana ayenaye emkhayeni. Uyise wayengumGreki abakhandi, kodwa ngokushesha wangena esibhedlela sabagula ngengqondo. Ngokuthakazelisayo, Howard kwaba prodigy ingane: 2, wafunda izinkondlo by inhliziyo, waqala ukuloba kwakhe iminyaka 6. Ngokwengxenye lokhu kungenxa yokuthi uyisemkhulu ephethwe umtapo ngobukhulu emzini. Umfana ngokuvamile elokhu ephupha kabi kakhulu, eziningi zazo yisisekelo imisebenzi esizayo ( "uDagoni").

Howard ngabhekana, ngakho ngaya esikoleni iminyaka 8 kuphela ubudala, kodwa ngokushesha kuyasuswa lapho. Ekhaya, wafunda i-chemistry, ebhala umsebenzi wakhe futhi okuningi ukufunda. Lapho umkhulu wami eshona, umndeni basuka abampofu kanzima. Ngesisekelo le Howard ibe nesifo sokuphazamiseka kwemizwa ngenxa kwalokho akusho kuphothula esikoleni esiphakeme. Umama womfana, uSara, esibhedlela, wafike washonela khona. Kukithi isinsuku ukuze uhlale uthintana indodana yakhe.

"Necronomicon"

Lovecraft "Necronomicon" labhalwa incwadi ngamanga. It uvame ukubizwa kubalandeli izincwadi umbhali, okuyinto zisekelwe Cthulhu Mythos. Indaba "Log Witch sika" kusho ukuthi "Necronomicon" iqukethe wonke amasiko magic, kanye incazelo eningiliziwe Ancients, umlando wabo futhi impi kanzima.

Abafundi abaningi nezazi HP Lovecraft ukuthi incwadi has a prototype bangempela, hhayi eyabhalwa Abdul Alhazred, umbhali yangempela. Lo mbono olwabiwa abantu kakhulu abathintekayo emhlabeni fantasy nezimfihlakalo, kanye itulo ithiyori. ngempela ngaloko ncwadi futhi uchaze wamanje sengqondo intatheli ethile eyimfihlakalo Kenneth Grant. Kuthiwa abanye abaculi owayephila bakholelwa nawukuthi Lovecraft "Necronomicon" akuyona yasungulwa.

Ukwenze umkhuba ireferensi incwadi yokudlala yavela ngemva uthando lwakhe Poe, ngubani ngenkuthalo ukwenza into efanayo. Ngokushesha, lo mkhuba sekuvame kakhulu phakathi abalobi ethile eyimfihlakalo. Eyokuqala ukhuluma nezinkomba incwadi ingatholakala indaba Hound (1923) nesithi "Isitatimende Randolph Carter" (1919).

Lovecraft ( "Necronomicon") uphosele incwadi incazelo emfushane ebonisa ukuthi ukufunda ungakulimaza zempilo engokwengqondo nengokomzimba umsebenzisi. Kungenxa yalesi sizathu ukuthi incwadi lilondolozwe imitapo nhlobo. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi uchungechunge "Necronomicon. Imihlaba HP Lovecraft "liqukethe umlando ephelele izidalwa lasendulo, amagama abo nezindlela ubizo.

Lovecraft wabhala ukuthi incwadi sidalwe Abdul Alhazred eDamaseku 720. Ngemva kwalokho, yena elihunyushwe izikhathi eziningana (imfundiso yenkolo yamanga futhi philologist real-Danish). Lovecraft liphinde lithi ahlukene, kodwa eyayivela Ngokwesibonelo kukhona umenzi wemilingo nangokuthi ngezinkanyezi Dzhona Di.

"Necronomicon" - ngokoqobo noma ziyindaba eqanjiwe?

Lovecraft (uchungechunge "Necronomicon") yabonisa phezulu ithalente lakhe kule ncwadi eliyimfihlakalo, onqamula wonke umsebenzi wakhe. Namuhla ungathola umbhalo "Necronomicon" kwi-inthanethi ngaphansi editorship ka Colin Wilson, Robert Turner noDavide Langford, ngubani elihunyushwe ikhophi ebethelwe uDkt Dzhona Di. translation yabo ibizwa Liber Logaeth. Bakhomba ukuthi ukushicilela kuphela ingxenye umkhiqizo engaziwa, equkethe okuningi ukufana ne "Necronomicon" HP Lovecraft. Incwadi yakhiwa izingxenye 19, ngalinye elikwazi lunikezelwe umoya esithile noma i-essence. Kukhona incazelo eningiliziwe 'inkhulumomphendvulwano "imimoya nokuthi ukubabiza ukuze bazizuzise bona. Ekuqaleni incwadi, ungathola isethulo esifushane, eyethula umfundi Al-Asif. Izahluko ezimbalwa ezizayo abazinikele ukushintsha kwezinkathi zonyaka konyaka, ukuxhumana amatshe nezibonakaliso.

Ukuqoqwa Lovecraft ungathola ezinye wemisebenzi yakhe yobungcweti eliyingozi neyaziwayo, okuyinto ngokucacile kuyofikwa amalungiselelo isifundiso "Golden Dawn". It is okulinga izazi eziningi lo muntu ukuba umqondo wokuthi imisebenzi komlobi nendawo ugqozi imilingo wolwazi imfihlo oda lasendulo. Ngakho, encwadini HP Lovecraft kungaba sokuqonda imiqondo eminingi zakudala ezichaza umlobi nge-syntax eziyinkimbinkimbi futhi ephelelwe yisikhathi silulumagama fancy. Ngisho ukuqonda ukubaluleka kokuba ulwazi esoteric, ukubaluleka demonological amasiko futhi imikhuba yokulumba kufanele kubhekwe lokukhohlisa, futhi amanye amavesi kumnandi kule ncwadi.

Izazi eziningi Lovecraft lilinganise imisebenzi yakhe ukuba uhlobo ezesayensi kanye romance gothic. Bona ukugcizelela ukuthi uhlobo yesimanje ayikwazi esekelwe imfihlakalo ukubulala, ngenxa yokuthi ayikwazi ukubamba umfundi ngaphezulu. Ukuze udale izithameli, kufanele idlulisele umoya horror elingapheli. Govard Lavkraft babhekane ngokuphumelelayo, futhi njengoba umbhali onekhono, kodwa hhayi obuyimfihlo, kufanele bakhokhe intela.

basendulo

Lovecraft ( "Necronomicon") wadala yonke yezidalwa, kodwa ukunaka ngokwengeziwe zikhokhelwe Ancients - nezidalwa ezinamandla abahlala nalaba ukuqala kwesikhathi. Labalumbi benza njalo ngamalumbo Dark ngihloniphe kubo njengoba onkulunkulu bawo. Zihlala nezinye inkanyezi izinhlelo, kodwa kungase kube komhlaba noma emanzini ekujuleni. Esinjengomuntu sidilizwa ukufinyelela osayizi omkhulu. Amandla onkulunkulu amnyama kusekelwe ibutho bakudala, okuyinto engaziwa ukuba indoda. Amandla izidalwa linganqunyelwe, kodwa zibe nkulu ngokwanele. Kungaba ukumboza wonke umhlaba, kodwa uthole usizo kuphela lezo konkulunkulu amnyama ofika nabo.

Ngo imisebenzi Lovecraft kuthiwa ezweni lanamuhla sidilizwa anqandwe ngokweminyaka ku-izenzo zabo, kodwa izizathu eziyimbangela yalokhu awazange wakwambula. Abalandeli nabalandeli lokusungula HP Lovecraft ukunikela abahumusha ngayo ubuthakathaka salezi zidalwa.

Tincwadzi temlandvo

Lovecraft, "Necronomicon," okuyinto yaziwa abaningi, ayichazi abafundi bakhe indlela wazala umbono ukuqamba incwadi ngaleyo ndlela. Mhlawumbe igama lomkhiqizo ethintekile Poe sika "The Fall of the House Usher" nobe inkondlo sidle Marcus Manilius "Astronomican". "Necronomicon" Lovecraft ekuqaleni bafuna ukubiza "Al-Asif." Ngo-Arabhu, le nkulumo isho imisindo ezishisa kakhulu zikhipha izinhlayiyana cicadas nezinye izinambuzane ebusuku, kodwa ezincwadini ngokuvamile kusho amademoni ukukhuluma. Kamuva, ngo-izincwadi kubo abangane bakhe, wabhala ukuthi igama beza kuye ngephupho.

ukuphi

"Necronomicon" Lovecraft ezidalwe amakhophi amaningana ukuthi kukhona abantu ezahlukene. Umbhali uthi incwadi igcinwe-National Library of France, i-Harvard University Library, eBritish Museum, University of Buenos Aires futhi umtapo we nhlobo Miskatonic University edolobheni oqanjiwe Arkheme.

igama

"Necronomicon" Lovecraft okuthiwa ngokwamazwi ezintathu ngesiGreki esho "umthetho", "ufile" nelithi "samuntu." It kuvela ukuthi le ncwadi "umthetho incarnation kwabafileyo." Ikhumbula ubuqili ulimi, okuhunyushwa ngokuthi "Khuluma Abafileyo" noma "Mayelana kwabafileyo." inguqulo yesiGreki inikeza ngaphezu izihloko kweshumi.

Uxhumano umlando

Govard Fillips Lavkraft ( "Necronomicon"), wayejabula kakhulu yokwenza izincwadi zomlando, izincwadi zakhe zigcwele kubo. Ngezinye izikhathi, umlobi waphawula ukuthi Tibetan Bardo Thodol futhi basendulo baseGibithe Book of the Dead is a real "Necronomicon". Nokho, ukudida imiqondo le akufanele kube. Incwadi yokuqala ukukhanya esiqondisa efile, kanti eyesibili ichaza indlela ukubiza imimoya kuye.

Incwadi yomlando yesibili, okungase kube ngesisekelo "Necronomicon" - "Picatrix" Maslama Ibn Al Ahma Majriti. Lena okokufundisa zemilingo abhalwe Arabhu azungeze 1000 edlule. Ngo 1256 incwadi lahunyushelwa ngesiLatini iNkosi ka Castile, u-Alfonso Mudrogo. Le ncwadi izahluko 4, okuyinto abazinikele Talisman futhi magic astral. Lapho ungathola incazelo yalo muzi wasendulo Adotsentina, elakhiwa ngo-Egypt. NgeNkathi Ephakathi "Picatrix" aziswa kakhulu, kodwa kwakubhekwa njengesibusiso yephuzu ukuloya. French Korol Genrih III, ukuvumela izakhamuzi yayo sibheke okuqukethwe incwadi, wathatha isifungo esikhulu hhayi ukwenza amakhophi.

Eshiwo ngaphambili Colin Wilson uthi sibonelo we "Necronomicon" kungase kube "Voynich Wesandla". Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ngaphezu ukuntuleka kungenzeka emagama oluphelele izincwadi nesiqondiso sabo imilingo, amaphuzu empambana alusekho.

Imiphumela engokoqobo yokwenza "Necronomicon"

G. Lovecraft "Necronomicon" ngokuthi okusungulile okuhlanzekile ngemva yawela amahebezi nenhlebo. Phakathi nokuphila kwakhe sekugcwele izinhlamvu abantu ababefuna ukuthola iqiniso. Ngisho umsindo ngaphezulu rose emva yencwadi baphuma, owawungumnyaka okuthiwa ukuhunyushwa "Necronomicon". Lalibizwa ngokuthi Grimoirium Control. It nayo eyakhululwa omunye "Necronomicon" ngumlobi ngaphansi mbumbulu Simon. Kuyini lokhu? "Necronomicon" Simoni (Govard Fillips Lavkraft) ukuthi wavuma zihlotshaniswa nezwe ka Lovecraft, futhi wakhumbuza izinkolelo yamaSumer. Kukhona izinguqulo sencwadi ka Dzhona Di - usosayensi kwekhulu XVI, okuyinto okuthiwa lihunyushwe kwelesiHeberu elithi umbhalo Arabhu, futhi Aleister Crowley owanikeza ncwadi Sonya Ukusineka - unkosikazi Lovecraft sika. Kukholakala ukuthi kungaba inkosikazi black magician Aleister Crowley.

Inguqulo yesimanje wadedelwa ngo Colin Wilson - ososayensi nabacwaningi abaningi imihlola Paranormal. Wathi sewenze ukuqaqwa computer wathola umbhalo ubudala. Lo msebenzi iqukethe ezinye ezivela ezincwadini Lovecraft sika. Ngokulandelayo, eduze "Necronomicon" umbhalo ngokuthi "Izimfihlo worm." Uhlelo lokuqala kuthiwa kubangelwa legionaries Roman SIVEL Terzi, elalihlangana ezikude esidlule bili Axumite Talim. Kwaba ukubukwa umsolwa yisisekelo wesandla imfihlo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le nganekwane ithi amarekhodi bili bathunyelwa eseRoma Britain, kodwa walahlekelwa wezincwadi enqabeni lasendulo.

Futhi, kukhona esinye hlobo "Necronomicon Giger" - iqoqo imidwebo ngu umculi Swiss Hans Giger. Kusese izinguqulo eziningi ezahlukene "Necronomicon" kusuka kubalobi ezahlukene. Zonke lezi kwakheka isisekelo incwadi, eyanyatheliswa ngo-2009 njengoba umhumushi Nensi Ouen Anna (mbumbulu).

abafundi umbono

Govard Lavkraft, "Necronomicon," egcwele zithandwa, idale emhlabeni uzenza aura eyimfihlakalo, okuyinto kuze kube yilolu suku ozungezayo igama lakhe. abayithandayo eziningi umsebenzi wakhe ziyakuthanda ukufunda mayelana ngokoqobo "Necronomicon" kanye nokwenzeka lokuyifunda. Anecdotally, mina uphike iqiniso yencwadi Lovecraft yaze yaqala ngemva wave yakhe inhlebo nokunakwa. Kuze kube yilo mzuzu yena ngamandla bathi incwadi nokuqukethwe kweqiniso. Ngemva scandal zomphakathi Lovecraft kwaze kwaba usuku inqatshelwe iqiniso yencwadi ngokuthi 'ezihleleke amanga ukuze imisebenzi yakhe. "

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi laliyini, abafana ne-HP Lovecraft nokufunda emhlabeni wonke. Muhle a real horror oyinkosi ngilinqobile izwe lonke. Flight emcabangweni, isibindi, umcabango nangamandla ithalenta umbhali wamvumela ukudala indalo okungenakuqhathaniswa ukuthi siqhubeke banethonya elinamandla kubafundi banamuhla. Namuhla, okufunekayo "Necronomicon Lovecraft FB2» ungalanda ezihlukahlukene izinguqulo sibonelo yale ncwadi.

ukugxekwa

"Necronomicon" - incwadi ka Lovecraft, okuvame iba impikiswano oshisekayo. Abagxeki ukugcizelela ukuthi umbhali wacashunwa cishe njalo indaba yakhe futhi uyisho lapho kuphela unikezwa mfana ekhuluma ngokusebenzelana nemimoya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zonke izinhlamvu amabhuku lombhali, funda "Necronomicon", iphela kabi. Futhi, kukhona ukuthambekela ukuthi ufundile incwadi ngokuphelele njalo ukuza isiphetho esibuhlungu, kwendlula labo labashada ukufunda ngezikhathi. Kuphakama omunye umbuzo: akazange zonke izinhlamvu ufuna ukufunda le ncwadi lapho?

"Necronomicon. Imihlaba HP Lovecraft "- ucezu eyingqayizivele sezincwadi ufanelwe ukuqashelwa olukhethekile a baxgeki kanye nezinhlelo zokufunda. Funda impendulo oyinhloko futhi uyaligcina umbuzo mayelana ngokoqobo yencwadi akunakwenzeka. Uhlaka ngalunye umngcele isungule bebodwa. Nokho, lapho ukuthuthukisa umcabango, kodwa awukwazi mnike isikhundla kakhulu.