Millennium - Ibhuloho eLondon, omunye ezikhangayo wokuqala kule nkulungwane entsha yeminyaka

Millennium - ibhuloho e-London okuyinto kweqa edumile emhlabeni UMfula iThames. Ukuvulwa ezikhangayo kuthiwa walotshwa ekuqaleni kule nkulungwane entsha yeminyaka. Ngakho kwaphakama, igama lakhe - Millenium (Millennium). Ngo abantu ibizwa ngokuthi - neMinyaka Eyinkulungwane Bridge, noma siyendayende kwebhuloho. IsiNgisi igama elisemthethweni umklamo kuzwakala London Millennium Footbridge. Lokhu pontoon ukumiswa abezinyawo uhlukile nge ifomu kwalo kwathonya Y-futhi iqiniso ukuthi lebhokisi main London ezikhangayo: "Globus" - Shakespeare Theatre, Cathedral St zikaPawulu 'Tate Modern "- i gallery yobuciko.

Indawo kanye nencazelo kwebhuloho

Millennium (Ibhuloho eLondon) - uma kwakhiwa ibhuloho elibanjwe ezenziwe ngensimbi, eyenzelwe abahamba ngezinyawo. It lebhokisi City ne Benksayd. Millennium itholakala phakathi viaduct ujantshi kanye pontoon Blackfriars Sausvork. Yakha Luhambo waqala ngo-1998, futhi wokuvula yayo owawuse ehlobo lika-2000.

Millennium Ibhuloho eLondon - ke ngempela umklamo enhle ukuthi ikhanga izivakashi. isakhiwo abahlukile kanje: imilenze emibili, okusikhumbuza incwadi Y, ukusekela emphemeni ibhuloho. iqine izindophi steel therebetween. Uma ubheka i-pontoon, kubonakala sengathi akuphephile ukudlulela ukuphila. Kodwa umakhi abasebenze ukwakhiwa umklamo, Norman Foster, kanye umqophi Entoni Karo wakucabangela yonke imininingwane futhi siqinisekise ukuthi izingane zabo iphephile.

Ibhuloho kusekelwa ohlangothini ngalunye nge metal izintambo ezine efakwe kuyo crossbeams. Sekuyisikhathi lo msebenzi wokwakha eziklanyelwe abantu, futhi ukwazi ngokuphelele ukumelana isisindo sabo. ibhuloho ubude 370 metres, ububanzi - amamitha amane. Usuku uvula yokwakhiwa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, kwakukhona abantu kungathi izinkulungwane ezimbili.

umlando zokungcebeleka

Ngo-2000, i-Millennium Ibhuloho eLondon, kugujwa wokuvula yayo. Ngolunye usuku ngo-June Elizabeth II kanye izinkulungwane zamaphayona zathuthuka grand bamasha kwalo. Kodwa design sivaliwe ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa ngoba abahamba ngezinyawo, ngoba ngesikhathi ukunyakaza kwakhe kakhulu onyakaziswa. Lokhu kungaholela emiphumeleni engathí engelapheki ezibuhlungu.

ezama ukudlula kokubili inombolo okungenani abantu eziye zenziwa. Kodwa lokhu isixazululo akuphumelelanga, njengoba itheku Millennium Ibhuloho eLondon bahlangana emigqeni emide. Onjiniyela olwenziwa kophenyo olunzulu futhi waphetha ngokuthi seliya zixegezele "uvumelane" nge abahamba ngezinyawo uhamba. Lungisa le nkinga wasiza 89 dampers engezwe ku-klamo kwebhuloho.

Ngo-2002, Millennium useke wabhekana ukutholakala yesibili, kulokhu ngempumelelo. Kodwa ke yavalwa izikhathi eziningana: ngo-2007, ngesikhathi isiphepho edla izindwani uCyril. Ngonyaka olandelayo, abahamba ngezinyawo futhi isikhashana okwakwenqatshelwe siyadlula kwebhuloho ngoba yathathwa movie "Harry Potter: I Isigamu-Igazi Prince."

Kanjani ukuze uthole kwebhuloho

Izivakashi efana Millennium (London Bridge), hhayi kuphela ngoba ine nemiklamo engavamile njengalena, kodwa futhi ngoba kulula ukuthola. Vista iseduze maphakathi nenhloko-dolobha yaseBrithani, futhi ngoba umgwaqo kuyo ngeke kuthathe ihora. amakhilogremu amabili ngosuku e-London, ungakwazi ukuqasha ibhayisekili ukugibela bhuloho ngamaminithi, ukugwema isiminyaminya kanye ukuminyana.

Budebuduze isakhiwo kukhona Mansion House Underground Station. Imali izobiza amakhilogremu zi oyedwa kuya kwabahlanu. amasevisi abo ukuthutha abantu kwebhuloho futhi idolobha inikeza marina, ngokuthi Bankside Pier. Phakathi kwamanye amasevisi, inkampani - Isikebhe uhambo phezu komfula ukuze kwebhuloho ngokwayo Eyinkulungwane.

Abanikazi pontoon kanye nomklamo walo

London Bridge Millennium (Millennium Ibhuloho) kungokwalabo isisekelo yesihle Ibhuloho House Estates, futhi isekelwa kubo. isilawuli Qaphela phezu ukwakhiwa inikeza esinye corporations ukuthi kukhona endaweni zebhizinisi London City.

Ngoba umncintiswano design kwamenyezelwa, okuyinto ihlelwe umkhandlu London LaseSouthwark 1996. Ukulandela lesi senzakalo siyiqiniso, umnqobi kwakuba iphrojekthi ebizwa ngokuthi "ukudla ukukhanya". abalobi balo babengabantu Mnumzane Entoni Karo noNorman Foster kanye Partners.

Umklamo kwadingeka ukuba imikhawulo ukuphakama futhi kwadingeka ukuba ngcono landscape insimu okwakuhlala kuyo kuphakanyiswa ukwakhiwa. Ngakho-ke, amakhasimende akhethe iphrojekthi izakhiwo okwesikhashana tightrope okuyinto sezibekwe ngaphansi kwebhuloho emaphakathi futhi ngaleyo ndlela unikeze ngalé emangalisayo ukwenzela ukungena okuncane kakhulu.

Millennium Ibhuloho izibalo

IsiZulu Millennium Ibhuloho (incazelo kungatholakala ngenhla) has izinsika ezimbili ulwahlukanise izingxenye ezintathu. ubude sokuqala 91 metres, kwesibili - 144 metres uphinde uthele kancane yesithathu - 108 metres.

Eight amafutha izindophi asekelayo kwebhuloho, welula nge ibutho emathanini ayizinkulungwane ezimbili. La mandla anele ukusekela umthwalo wabantu wawo kungathi izinkulungwame eziyisihlanu.

Eyokwakha ezindaweni ezithakazelisayo kwabelwe ibhajethi kopondo abayizigidi ezingu-2.2. Kodwa sasetshenziswa amakhilogremu angaphezu kuka-18 million.