Naryshkin Baroque

"Naryshkin imiklamo yobuciko" - a term okunemibandela. Kube le ndawo ekuqa- 17-18 eminyaka. Moscow "Naryshkin imiklamo yobuciko" - ukukhishwa yinqaba njalo egcwele umusa. Ngokwabacwaningi abaningi emlandweni yobuciko, lenzeka hhayi njengethuba belingisa West, futhi uhlobo "ikhophi" amasampuli bokwakha eYurophu. Lesi sitayela uhlukile futhi ehlukile, ke naleli isiko nesimo sesakhiwo esikhulu ERussia yasendulo. Yena ibonwa njengendlela ungowokuzalwa mkhuba Russian bokwakha. Umklamo isitayela "imiklamo yobuciko" eNtshonalanga Yurophu wenze Izinto ezimbalwa, kuphela ngokuvamile cishe imperceptible kuso.

Abakhi kwesikhathi owawusekelwe imisebenzi yabo ngokuvumelana kwangaphakathi kwezwe. "Naryshkin imiklamo yobuciko" umoya kaKhisimusi. Izakhiwo babe emchilweni kalula ezithile. ENtshonalanga Yurophu isitayela ashukumisayo ngaphezulu, isifiso ukumboza isikhala esiningi ngangokunokwenzeka. mkhuba Western Europe kubonakala ikakhulukazi ukuthandwa imihlobiso laphetha amavolumu.

Phakathi kwezinye izinto, "Naryshkin imiklamo yobuciko" emelela nalokho imibala emibili. Architects ukusebenzisa ezimhlophe itshe iphethini on isizinda ngesitini esibomvu, wasebenzisa polychrome tile. izakhiwo nenqwaba isikhathi isici kakhulu ipholigoni (zikanhlangothiningi) noma iwindi okusaqanda, luyingxenye zokuhlobisa, kulethe isiko "umhlobiso herbal" futhi "Russian Uzoroche". Lokhu kungabonakala kuyi-iconostasis, izihlalo, amabhokisi eyayibhalwe, ababethi solemnity ezifanele.

Ithempeli lokuqala kule isitayela uvele izigodi we oyisihlobo esiseduze yenkosi uPeter Omkhulu ngokusebenzisa unina. UMalume kombusi, Leo Naryshkin, ilethe Ezakhiweni zesonto. Ukuphatha oda amanxusa, ohlakaniphile, wohlanga olukhulu, waba ikhasimende ye-Church of the intercession e Fili, uMsindisi e Izigqoko, zintathu KuZiqu-zintathu-Lykov.

Abanamakhono kakhulu emelela umqondo "Naryshkin imiklamo yobuciko" wezakhiwo-isigaxa izwe kusukela nedlelo, Yakov Buhvostov.

Itshe lesikhumbuzo yesiteleka kakhulu laba iSonto of Virgin oNgcwele. Yakhiwa ngasekupheleni 1680 - ekuqaleni 1690, unyaka inxuluma Naryshkin. Njengezinye izakhiwo, isonto ethulwa ngesimo basembhoshongweni ithempeli insimbi. Ngokumangalisayo ubukhazikhazi ezimhlophe itshe umhlobiso zezakhiwo. Architects amakhosi wadala elijabulisayo filigree iphethini openwork uthango futhi casings phezu emafasiteleni. Fairy ngisahlose yesonto ukunikeza iziphambano, itshe ezimhlophe futhi zibomvu isitini mbumbulu, ngodobo ukuklanywa lesi sakhiwo. Kulesi sakhiwo, "Naryshkin imiklamo yobuciko" yayiyingxenye yonke inkazimulo yayo. Lapha kukhona ziyalingana Ukwakheka izakhiwo eqoshiwe gables, iwindi volumetric futhi umnyango kuvuleka. Ithempeli wabheka nenhle kakhulu futhi zemikhosi.

Interior ukwakhiwa, ngeshwa, akazange ngasinda. Ngemva kokuvala ngo-1929, isakhiwo wabaselwa kancane washintsha. I nabaholi baseSoviet zafakwa ekamelweni lokudlela isonto futhi esibhedlela. Ngo-1930, waphuka amaphiko, futhi emgwaqweni lamiswao isakhiwo esisha ukuze ihlanganise esibhedlela uyanda. Ngemva kwalokho, isakhiwo isonto labhekana ngisho nakakhulu phakathi nempi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe (ibhomu eduze yamila).

Namuhla, isonto waphindiselwa amakholwa. Nokho, lesi sakhiwo kudinga sokubuyiselwa ezinkulu. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi isakhiwo iseningizimu nendawo eyingqayizivele. Lapha ubusa umoya yomlando okuqhubekayo.

Olwenziwe abavubukuli kulezi zindawo bayakufakazela ukuthi lapha kungaba oprichnina enkantolo Ivana Groznogo. Kuyaziwa ukuthi isimo, kuhlanganise naseMoscow ngokwayo lahlukaniswa enkosini zemshchina futhi oprichnina. Ngoba imfuyo yabo oprichnina Kubi wathatha endaweni entshonalanga komuzi. Ngokwakhe umbusi wahlala eduze Izimpawu isonto esizayo.

Kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi igama ethempelini owasungula igama kanye nenombolo ye emigwaqweni eMoscow. Lezi zihlanganisa, ngokukhethekile, baphathe Znamenka, Znamenskiy futhi alley ezincane nezinkulu.