Oak (umuthi): incazelo. Yeka ukuthi kuyinto kwesihlahla se-okhi

Oak kuyinto uhlobo lwe izitshalo, elingelakwaJuda umndeni ka-beech. Kukhona izinhlobo ezimbili: Izihlahla nezihlahla. Oak ihlanganisa izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-500. Areoles olwenzeka endaweni komuthi kwakumelela eNyakatho Nenkabazwe. Lesi sitshalo sinesimo sezulu esipholile, ngakho engxenyeni eseningizimu yezwe uyaphila kuphela ezinkangala ezishisayo. Amahlamvu nezithelo baziwa kahle, ngokwengxenye ezidliwayo futhi kuhle empilweni.

nokuvuthwa umjikelezo

Oak - isihlahla, elingelakwaJuda zilwane siluhlaza isitshalo. umqhele wayo ayikwazi ukushintshwa iminyaka eminingi. Noma kunjalo, kukhona amatshe kuyiphi amacembe awohloka lapho kuqala frost kuqala. Isihlahla inflorescences kukhona unisexual, amancane. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ikhava umqhele ngesikhathi ukuthuthwa kwempova kumane ampofu. izimbali Zinamandla kuphela abesifazane, namacici amadoda angakwazi ewa ngesikhathi umoya kancane umoya.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi kulo i-oki - umuthi ukuthuthwa kwempova kumane izikali ledzingekako sesibili. nokuvuthwa fetus kwenzeka shaft, okuyinto Saucer encane. Kamuva likhula isithelo. zohlobo ngalunye oki izithelo futhi ifomu roller ezahlukene. Olunye uhlobo, acorns side, kwesibili - round futhi ezincane, kusukela enkulungwaneni yesithathu - orehoobraznye. It bavunyelwe ukuwela zohlobo, kodwa lokhu kungenzeka kuholele ekuncipheni okukhulu isivuno. Umuthi likhula kancane kakhulu, kodwa angaphila amakhulu eminyaka. Kumiswa uhlelo impande phakathi nonyaka walo wokuqala, bese elokhu ivela. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ngemva kokubala kwe-oki * isaha cut ezinye isiqu isikhathi iqhume amahlumela ngobuningi enamandla. Oak - izinkuni, okungasekelwe kakhulu afune izinto ngenkani kwabanye eyawela enhlabathini, ngakho umhlabathi kungaba yini. ekuzalaneni kwemvelo kwenzeka acorns. Ukuphakama kwesihlahla se-okhi ububanzi kufika ku 40-45 amamitha. Umthamo we umqhele incike zinhlobo nesimo sezulu.

Incazelo English-oak

Lolu hlobo lwe-isitshalo ubhekwa ezivamile, njengoba yisona esikhulunywa abantu abaningi eYurophu eyayiyingxenye planethi. Oak ikhula kusukela isithelo ngezinyanga eziyisithupha nje kuphela. Okulandelayo kwakhiwa umboko wayo, umqhele kanye izimpande iminyaka engu-20. Izihlahla endala zifinyelela ubude obungamamitha amamitha 50. Isiqu sawo futhi amagatsha kukhona awugqinsi, eqinile, uyakwazi ukumelana nomoya ngisho esindayo. Ngaphansi kwezimo imnene, futhi wenziwa endaweni ebanzi uhlelo impande petiolate oki ungaphila ngokuvumelana iminyaka 1,000.

Amagxolo kuyinto konsundu, obukhulu. Amaqabunga oblong, sikhule imishayo kusukela 3 kuya ku-7 nge okuncane blunt blade amazinyo. izihlahla ezinjalo rose in kwentwasahlobo. Oaks uthando abavamile ilanga, njengoba kuba isitshalo flameproof. Acorns ubude 3.5 cm.

Izici kwesihlahla se-okhi Fluffy

Ngokuvamile, laba bameleli kwalesi silwane atholakala eCaucasus, eCrimea, kanye e-Asia Minor futhi eningizimu yeYurophu. Ngesikhathi ukuphakama izihlahla zikhule amamitha 8-10 kuphela. Ziyakwazi onensika ukushisa kanye ukumelana.

Mangisho, la madwala oki ziphansi nezinye Izinguquko eziningi ukuphakama. Kodwa abe tortuous kakhulu isiqu onephunga esakaza amagatsha. Ngenxa yobukhulu amancane ububanzi umqhele isitshalo ngokuvamile bekude sifana esiyize ezinkulu. Amahlamvu aba eside ngezinye izikhathi afinyelela ku-10 cm. Ngesimo zingabantu oluyingozi, ezikhulayo ngazimbili, izindwani kancane wakhomba, oluhlaza amnyama. Ngokuthakazelisayo, izikali ezizungezile isithelo, Fluffy kakhulu futhi ezithambile.

Isakhiwo se-okhi Holm

Izinkuni kubhekwa okwazalelwa ngamazwe aseMedithera nase Malaya Aziya. Okwamanje, bona ukukhuthalele kutshalwa eNyakatho Afrika nase-Europe. Kuyinto esimila siluhlaza, obude kuyinto 22-25 amamitha. Wendlovu grey, bushelelezi. Crohn esakaza, obukhulu. Amahlamvu ngokwabo ezincane, okuguquguqukayo ukuma, shiny, umbala oluhlaza, obunesikhumba. Izithelo uvuthwe kuphela ngomnyaka wesibili.

Oak likhula ngokushesha, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isimo sezulu. Yena ukulingana kanye abandayo -20 degrees +40 nokushisa. Shadow-ubufakazi, nesomiso ukumelana. It okuthiwa itshe idwala ngenxa yokuthi imithi ikakhulukazi sikhule emadwaleni, ezinkangala.

Timphawu letehlukene obomvu kwesihlahla se-okhi

Ngokuvamile wathola loMfula imifula. Ayithandi amanzi amile enhlabathini. Homeland obomvu-oak kubhekwa i-Nyakatfo Melika, ikakhulukazi Canada. Ngesikhathi ukuphakama lezi izihlahla ukufinyelela 25 amamitha. Ngaphandle isiqu esincane, bushelelezi. amagxolo Gray mnyama ngeminyaka futhi ukuqhuma. Crohn shatrovidnaya oki, obuluhlaza tints ophuzi hlabathi. Ihamba ezinkulu, ngezinye izikhathi lo ububanzi 25 cm. Baye ngensimbi izindwani. Ekwindla bomvu bese ewa. Izithelo mancane, eyindilinga, usayizi -. Acorns ezivuthiwe 2 cm obomvu, ukunikeza brown little. Uvuthwe ekupheleni kwekwindla, onyakeni wokuqala, isivuno siba simbi. zithelo esimeme - kuze kube iminyaka engu-20.

isihlahla Hardy, buthule umelana umoya onamandla nelanga elikhanyayo.

Amaqiniso ethakazelisayo kwesihlahla se-okhi mhlophe

Lapho kwazalelwa khona plant ogwini olusempumalanga ye eNyakatho Melika. emasimini ezinkulu zitholakala emahlathini nge-limestone ecolisekile onothile. Kulula ukuthola kanye nezinye izinhlobo ze-oki. Kubalulekile ukuthi indawo was hhayi ningi than a ikhilomitha ngaphezu kogu lolwandle. White oki awukwazi ukubekezelela yesithwathwa ezinzima.

Ukuphakama isihlahla ovuthiwe imayelana 30 amamitha. Crohn shatrovidnaya enamandla kwakhiwa esakaza amagatsha. Amagxolo umbala - grey. izihlahla Old cishe musa crack, ngokungafani chereshchatogo zohlobo. Amaqabunga okusaqanda, ende (kufika ku 22 cm), ukuba-9 izindwani. Phakathi ukuqhakaza othi awube, ehlobo - oluhlaza, eduze ebusika kukhona onsomi bese ewa.

isithelo obuphelele -. 2,5 izithelo ishq ngokulambisa ezimboziwe, ngakho ngokuvamile bakhala emthini imimoya enamandla.

Oak Incazelo krupnoplodnogo

Lezi zihlahla ezingaba North American. Khulisa-30 amamitha. Isiqu sawo emaningi, umbala onsundu, ufa eqinile ngemva kweminyaka embalwa kusukela ihlumela. Shatrovidnaya umqhele ukuma kufinyelelwa amagatsha enamandla lisakazeka. Ihamba oblong, Lobed, uba nombala omnyama oluhlaza, esikhanya ilanga emva kwemvula. In autumn lonke umqhele iwe, ngezinye izikhathi nge amagatsha mncane. Kuyaphawuleka leaf ubukhulu -. 25 cm acorns ezinkulu, ubude ngokuvamile ukufinyelela 5 cm kobujamo obusaqanda, ngumuntu wesithathu ehlanganiswa izikali ..

Germinates macrocarpa oki * isivinini ophansi. Imbewu hygrophilous kakhulu futhi morozoneustoychivy. Ngenxa yalokhu zohlobo kubhekwa zokuhlobisa.

Timeless onsundu kwesihlahla se-okhi

Kangaka Ukusebenzelana Armenia, Iran naseNyakatho eCaucasus. Ukutshala akukwazi. Iningi izitshalo - zasendle. Phakathi nekhulu le-20, lezi zihlahla ziye ohlwini ezisengozini, ngakho basuke ukusika akuvunyelwe nakancane. Ngo Hirkan reserve abantu ikakhulukazi abaqeqeshiwe ayibukele.

Ngokuthakazelisayo, usika izingcezu azidingayo ngokucophelela kwesihlahla se-okhi inhlanganisela kwezinhlobo eziningana zasendle ezikhula ogxile phezu crests lamagquma. Kuyinto ukukhanya kakhulu, ngokulinganisela amelana frost, kodwa akakubekezeleli nesomiso. Lapho yokuqhuma amahlamvu oki, isihlahla njengempophoma enkulu onsundu esihlahleni, 30 amamitha eliphezulu. Isiqu sawo oluphakeme ukwenzela ukungena okuncane kakhulu futhi mncane, esakaza amagatsha. amaqabunga amakhulu kashtanovidnye okwengeziwe ukugcizelela umqhele ubukhulu shatrovidnoy. Acorns zigcwala kuze 3 cm ubude.

Quercus palustris (pyramidal)

Kubhekwe okwazalelwa kuyo idwala ezifundazweni eziseningizimu ye-Canada. Ngesikhathi ukuphakama kwesihlahla ifinyelela mayelana 25 amamitha. Crohn kude sifana iphiramidi. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi cishe okuhlanganisiwe ne amaqabunga isiqu. Iqiniso lokuthi amagxolo bog kwesihlahla se-okhi oluhlaza ngokuphelele nge touch of brown. Amaqabunga amaphakathi, babe namantombazane ezijulile namazinyo. Umbala umqhele - green, kodwa by ekwindla kuba onsomi. Izithelo globose, sessile, mayelana 1.5 cm ububanzi.

imbewu kwesihlahla se-okhi njengamanzi, kanye imithi emidala. Ukuze ezengeziwe uhlelo umswakama impande uya ekujuleni emhlabathini. Habitat zohlobo - moorland. Umuthi we-oki Pyramidal likhula masinyane, uyafa yesithwathwa isikhathi eside. Ngokuvamile izikhala zasendle ezinkulu kungatholakala ogwini emachibini kanye amadamu.

Ukukhula nokukhiqizwa

IsiZulu kwesihlahla se-okhi nezithombo futhi krupnoplodnogo olindele kakhulu umswakama nomhlabathi ambiwa phansi. Yingakho basheshe ziqhume emathafeni uzamcolo emifuleni futhi ijulile ihlathi loam. It is hhayi Kunconywa ukuba nihlwanyele-oak izithombo e podzol inhlabathi. In esinjalo inhlabathi amahlumela, ubhubhe ngokushesha, ngoba izimpande ayikwazi ukulungiswa ngenxa asidi eziphakeme humus.

Hlwanyela acorns efiselekayo kwekwindla. Izithelo kumele kube fresh. Uma siwavume omiswe kancane acorns, izinga ukuhluma ziyancipha ngezinye izikhathi. . I lokutshala nokujula - 5 kuya ku-8 cm Ngaphambi sikhule oki, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi i-imeyili nokutshala kumele avundiswa. Ukuvikela amagciwane yokulwa izinambuzane kuyadingeka ukuze amboze amagatsha zabo sonwele. Kubalulekile futhi ukuba kulondolozwe izinga lokushisa inhlabathi esitebeleni (hhayi ngaphansi kuka 2 degrees). Abalimi abaningi uyazibuza indlela yokutshala kwesihlahla se-okhi, uma ezinye izihlahla ngenxa yezimo ungayeki acorns. Ngoba ingakwazi inqubo zizalela. cuttings Green kufanele baqede engxenyeni yokuqala ka ehlobo. Ungabi kahle ukuze uwasebenzise njengasemuva Umanyolo sikaMahaziya ekhethekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kudingeka wazi ukuthi cuttings ezihlahla ezisakhula zikhule ngokushesha kakhulu futhi kulula kuka elidala (engaphezu kwengu-20).

Izici izihlahla oki

Amalungu alo mkhaya zezihlahla efana ukunakekelwa ecophelelayo, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi basuke kubhekwe zasendle. Ikakhulukazi kwezitshalo inqubo isivuno umthelela. Oak - isihlahla nge amagatsha monopodial. Ngenxa yalokho, i-stem main kufanele ilokhu yenyuka kuze kube sekupheleni isikhathi sokuphila kwayo. Kulokhu, ithiphu ayikwazi kungagcini ukuphakama. Uhlale obusa phezu kweminye amahlumela.

Izihlahla kumele kwenziwe njalo ngemva kweminyaka embalwa. Isikhathi elikhulu kuzosusa amagatsha e kwentwasahlobo noma ngasekupheleni ebusika. Kubalulekile ukuthi izinga lokushisa komoya kuleli cala yayingekho ngezansi -5 ° C. Kungenjalo frostbite livela ezindaweni cut. Kwathi kuqambe kufika ihlobo yalezi amagatsha ashwabene emhlabathini. Uma kuzoba khona inani elikhulu, wonke izolahleka esihlahleni. Ukususwa kumele kube kuncike kuphela amahlumela, uzuza futhi amagatsha onesifo.

izakhiwo kuwusizo futhi kuyingozi oki

I imigomo yezempilo avame ukusetshenziswa amagxolo amagatsha amancane esihlahleni, kanye acorns, kuyaqabukela - amahlamvu. Ezingqimbeni engenhla oki isiqu eqhukethe resin acid, ushukela kanye pectin. Ukwakheka yezithelo ezinjalo ewusizo zihlanganisa izinto ezifana amafutha organic, amaphrotheni, isitashi. Kukhona izithako ukushuka, udayi futhi iqembu pentosan emaqabungeni abasha. Ngenxa yalokhu izithelo zomuthi namanxusa ngempumelelo eqeda ukuvuvukala kukhiqizwa. It is eyaziwa kahle izakhiwo antispasmodic oki. Ngokwesibonelo, amagxolo omuthi ngempumelelo kusiza nesifo, ukopha emathunjini, yokudleka kolwelwesi lwesisu, izifo ubende kanye esibindini. Isithako nomuthi kwesihlahla se-okhi bandisa inkonzo engqondweni nasemzimbeni, athobe CNS, ngcono patency semithambo.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amalungiselelo ngesisekelo lesi sitshalo contraindicated ezinganeni iziguli ukuqunjelwa, hemorrhoids, isicanucanu, izilonda esiswini.

ukusetshenziswa kwemithombo

Oaks ezimweni eziningi, asetshenziswa isakhiwo nokupheka, kanye umkhakha ukukhanya. Sawdust kwenza kukakhokho futhi ifenisha. Izinkuni ilungele ebusweni imikhumbi, izinqaba, isakhiwo umshini, ukukhiqizwa imiphongolo. Amabhodi musa zigcwala, ekhanya, amandla ehlukene, ubulukhuni kanye kwabantu.

Lapho usekuqhumeni amahlamvu-oki, * acorns uvuthwe, kufika ukupheka. ENyakatho Melika, isithelo esihlahleni ngokuvamile ukungezwa ikhofi, candy izitsha enkulu kakhulu. E-Asia, acorns esetshenziswa athoswe izinongo.