Okuqukethwe kanye nebalingisi "Mma Butterfly" ngo Puccini. Yini opera Dzhakomo Puchchini "Mma Butterfly"

Kaningi kuyenzeka ukuthi umsebenzi omuhle etemibhalo efa nje nhlobo ngizalwe. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi iqhubeka ukuphila amakhulu, izindlela wake entsha Ukuqaphela: e ifilimu, umculo, imidlalo yaseshashalazini. Kwaba njalo inoveli elincane American John. L. Long. Abalingiswa "Mma Butterfly" babe sigxile ukuze enesizotha wathwala ukulinda isikhathi eside.

Kanjani ukuqala indaba

Ngasekuqaleni kwawo-XX leminyaka ngasekupheleni XIX futhi, izwe libuswa imfashini wonke empumalanga, ngakho indaba encane, wadala futhi olwanyatheliswa kuyi-Journal of the umbhali American John. L. Long, ngaso abafundi kuphela kodwa futhi wemidlalo uDavide Belasco. Walibhalela ezisuselwa kulesi obuncane isebenza "Geisha", okuyinto unesithakazelo qembu iSikhulu York Theatre e-London.

Kuthunyelwe ukusebenza bajabulela impumelelo nezethameli, ngakho-ke wakhethwa ukubuka Italian opera umqambi Dzhakomo Puchchini. "Mma Butterfly" (nakuba ngaleso sikhathi namanje ukudlala ngokuthi "Geisha") uyajabula kanjalo wayeyisazi umculo, wayebheke isiza umsebenzi wakhe olandelayo, ngokushesha wathatha up ukugcwaliseka umqondo.

iphupho Ubuhlungu

umlando ekhathazekile, Dzhakomo Puchchini librettists waphendukela kakhulu isikhathi, okuyinto kubhekwa by L. Illica noGeorge. Giacosa. Bona wakuthanda Nokho, futhi, umphumela kuba ngokushesha. Blame salokhu umqambi yena, abavame kwesokunxele okuthile emgwaqweni, ngesikhathi ukubuyekeza, hhayi kuphela emadolobheni ahlukene e-Italy, kodwa futhi uhambo angaphandle.

Kwakungekhona kunikela okusheshayo lokubhala umculo kungenye passion Puccini -. Izimoto. Ukuthenga imoto iye yaphenduka hot Italian racer Okuyınqo, owayehamba mayelana, musa ukulandela isivinini emigwaqweni yezwe. Nokho, ingozi atjengisa ngazo bona gade phakathi abasebenza umdlalo we-opera, kancane selehlile nentshiseko yakhe. A emlenzeni kwaba impikiswano sina ukuba baziphathe beshayela a kwenetha okuningi. Kodwa naphezu ukubambezeleka, ngo-1903, i-Libretto of the opera "Mma Butterfly" isilungile.

Ukuze wenze umsebenzi wakhe Ubuningi bamahora umqambi truthful wafunda isiko Japanese futhi wavakashela njalo endlini eRoma inxusa of Japan. Umkakhe, uNkosazana Okiyama, ngenjabulo wahlabelela imiculo kazwelonke ubudala.

Premiere kuhlulekile

Februwari 17, 1904 e-Milan yaseshashalazini "iScala" izilaleli yethulwa brainchild of Puccini. Iqhaza isihloko wahlabelela Rosina string (soprano). inkampani yakhe kwaba Tenor Giovanni Dzenatello (uLieutenant Pinkerton). Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi izinhlamvu "Mma Butterfly" babe icacile, ingokoqobo, izethameli zazi- Akumangalisi ngabongi kwesizini booed. Futhi ngosuku emapheshana iphephandaba yesibili zapestrili elilimaza sihloko a baxgeki.

Umqambi lekile, kodwa benqaba ukwamukela umqondo kuhlulekile. Wayekholelwa ukuthi opera yakhe kuphumelela, eloba incwadi K. Bandy: "Ekugcineni uzobona - ukunqoba kuyoba mina!" Dzhakomo Puchchini ulalela iseluleko abangane futhi baxgeki. Akhipha ezinye izigcawu, ehlukanisa isenzo yesibili ku izenzo ezimbili ezihlukene futhi umema indima ukuhola Ukrainian opera diva Krushelnytska. Libretto "Mma Butterfly" waqala ukudlala imibala emisha. Isixuku ezazibuthene yaseshashalazini "Grande" (Brescia) May 28, 1904, la mazwi ngomdlandla: wabingelela umkhiqizo. Umqambi ubizelé ngokuphindaphindiwe umnsalo.

Usizi kowesifazane uthando

I-opera is athuthukiswe XIX futhi XX eminyaka Nagasaki. Le ndaba imayelana indlela abasha geisha CIO-CIO-San, okuyinto ubuhle umusa ngokuthi "Butterfly" (Butterfly), wathandana US Navy uLieutenant Pinkerton. umuzwa wakhe sasinamandla kangangokuthi, kuphambene emasikweni abantu bakhe, ukuthi ushada naye. Nokho, butterfly silly akusho nakubona ukuthi ngoba abakhethiwe wakhe lo mshado fun kuphela, akuthathi uyazidlalela.

Umlando Mma Butterfly - inhlekelele ethile yokuxhumana phakathi emihlabeni emibili: the entshonalanga nasempumalanga, iduna nensikazi. indoda Civilized empeleni kwenzakala a ngowezizwe akakholelwa amagama akhulunywa uyafunga engcwele, abephula kalula ngakho kubo. Kodwa umphathi ngamasiko asendulo (okuyinto abantu Western Ubonakala ngempela zasendle) igama elithi "sobunye," igama elithi "ubuqotho" "uthando," ukala ukwedlula ukuphila. Yingakho imizwa ngobuqotho waphendukela nhlekelele wakhe.

Izinhlamvu eyinhloko "Mma Butterfly"

• CIO-CIO-San - wesifazane omuhle aseMpumalanga. Nanguya omele i umsebenzi lasendulo e-Japan - geisha. Kodwa naphezu fragility yayo sobala, Butterfly yabonisa ukumelana engakaze ibonwe, ngokulandela izimiso zakhe kuze kube sekupheleni.
• ULieutenant Benjamin Pinkerton - itilosi American ngubani, ngaphandle kokunqikaza, wavumelana somshado ubuhle Japanese, kodwa bambona njengoba kwalokho nice zisetshenziselwe ukuba ngezamaphoyisa. Indlela azizwa ngayo kwakungafanele ezijulile, yingakho ibizwa kalula ziyoncibilika inyunyana ukuze ashade compatriot.
• Sharpless - inxusa American. Lona indoda ehloniphekile yokuguga, ngubani kusukela ngosuku lokuqala amaziyo ngokuthi Mma Butterfly futhi enethemba lokuthi kwakungeke ubuhlungu Pinkerton. Umumo Wakhe ethambile, bejabule. ULieutenant ngomhla ukuphila kubonakale kuye ngempela ezingabalulekile.
• Suzuki - inceku ethembekile Butterfly. Ezahlukene intukuthelo bukhoma futhi talkativeness ngokweqile, okuyinto ecasula Pinkerton. Ngazama ukuwusindisa Nkz by ukuzibulala, kodwa akazange aphumelele.
• Goro - wabantu bendawo. Nguye olutholakele webutho lezempi, "unkosikazi zesikhashana", ngemuva kokuzama ukusetha Butterfly nge Prince, kodwa wathola nokwenqaba flat.

Lawa izinhlamvu ukhiye of the opera "Mma Butterfly", okuqukethwe okuyinto igxile okuhlangenwe nakho kwawo. Izinhlamvu ekuveleni esigabeni ngokuvamile kakhulu, zibandakanya: uMalume Bonze (othuka Butterfly ngoba nesifiso salo ukushintsha inkolo yokhokho bawo), Prince Yamadori (icela esandleni CIO-CIO-San, ngemva ukukhashelwa Pinkerton), Dolor (indodana ka uLieutenant kanye Geisha), Kate (unkosikazi Benjamin).

Opera "Mma Butterfly." Okuqukethwe isenzo sokuqala

Isenzo senzeka khona endlini entsha uLieutenant Pinkerton, yena ababeyiqashile. UBenjamini ngokugcwele ngokuphila kwakhe: wayesanda washada geisha ebukekayo Japanese. Hhayi burdened nga ngalindelekile izimiso zokuziphatha, uyagigitheka ngesikhathi inxusa Sharpless uyaxwayisa: ingangqubuzani inhliziyo sentombazane.

Khona-ke kulandela bajwayelene umakoti nomkhwenyana. izinkulumo CIO-CIO-san mayelana uLieutenant yena, kimono yakhe emikhonweni lapho kuba "umphefumulo yokhokho", uyakuqaphela owayekhethwe othandweni futhi othembisa ukushintsha inkolo ngenxa ke.

I isiko usathandana iphazamisekile ngumalume ukuvakashelwa Butterfly sika, oqalekisa umshana wakhe ngoba wayesekulungele ukulahla ukholo wokhokho babo ngoba amadoda. Wedding irredeemably spoilt yibo bonke izivakashi nezihlobo likamakoti isusiwe. Ecasulwe esanda kwenziwa unkosikazi uthulisa phansi kuphela izingalo yomyeni wakhe.

Eyesibili isenzo. Mthetho Omunye

Sekudlule iminyaka emithathu singayitholi. Pinkerton kwesokunxele Mma yakhe Butterfly. Okuqukethwe isenzo sokuqala ebhekiwe ngokuphelele umlingisi lomcoka. Maid Suzuki ezama ukwenza inkosikazi ukuthi umyeni wakhe amshiya kube kuhle kimi. Intukuthelo CIO-CIO-san wathela aria adumile "Ngosuku olucwathile, ngifisa", ezwakala ithemba lokuthi othandekayo uzobuya.

Inxusa Sharpless ifika endlini butterfly ngohlamvu esishoyo ukuthi Benjamin wayeshadile eMelika. Ingxoxo yabo uphazamiseka ukubukeka Prince Goro futhi Yamadori, ofuna ukuthatha umkayo Butterfly. Ukuba sichithiwe, izivakashi ziyasuswa. Sharpless weluleka Prince ukuthatha sipho futhi uthi Pinkerton washada. Eyokuqala umcabango abesifazane - ukuzibulala, kodwa uthatha yena wacela inxusa ukutshela umyeni wakhe mayelana nendodana yakhe.

Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile ethekwini ufaka umkhumbi American. CIO-CIO-san lingawazi - intandokazi. Sigqoke up, ukuhlobisa indlu futhi bemlindile, kodwa hhayi kusihlwa noma ebusuku, aliveli.

Mthetho II

Abalingiswa "Mma Butterfly" engxenyeni yokugcina of the opera sicindezeleke kakhulu. Pinkerton futhi Sharpless evakashile ukuze CIO-CIO-San. Benjamin unkosikazi wahlala engadini. Maid konke kuqala esiphethweni futhi webutho lezempi, bebona izinyembezi zakhe, yena uyabaleka, ukungahlanganyeli ekugubheni yesehlakalo.

Butterfly ngemvume kweso waqonda. Inxusa imtshela ukuthi umka-Pinkerton sika bavuma ukuthatha imfundo yengane yabo. Butterfly uyaqonda ukuthi akunandlela yokubalekela, abuze kumyeni wakhe ukuba beze ihora ingane ngayinye. Kulokhu-ke kuyoba okwanele ukuzibulala.

Phakathi imithandazo wokulungiselela we uNkk incekukazi odlulela Igumbi yendodana yakhe, sinethemba lokuthi ukumvimba. Uzinikele ingane ithoyizi futhi amehlo, CIO-CIO-san ugwaze yena ngemuva kwesikrini. Lapho egumbini uvele Pinkerton futhi Sharpless, babe Butterflies ngeshwa amabutho aye nje ngokwanele ukuba kubonise ku indodana yabo.

opera ukungafi

Lo msebenzi kwakumelwe ngokuyinhloko brainchild kaJohane. Puccini. "Mma Butterfly" bayazisa umphakathi Italy nje kuphela, kodwa futhi umculo angaphandle abalandeli. Kwakungekho ukwehluleka we imikhiqizo opera. Umqambi wazibonakalisa ngokuphelele ilungelo lapho enquma ukuphefumula impilo entsha ku indalo yakhe, ukushintsha isimo sawo futhi abamenyiwe ukwenza iphathi enkulu yokuqothulwa kwehlathi lase Krushelnytska engenakuqhathaniswa.

Izakhamuzi France, England, Russia, USA, Argentina nakwamanye amazwe abaningi namanje ujabule ukuya ebhayisikobho, kokubona amaphosta on isihloko opera. Bona uyevelana ngeshwa CIO-CIO-San, wamthukuthelela Pinkerton, ngokuthi isiphetho umntwana. Njalo-opera udunyiswa ukwenza ingxenye Butterflies edume Japanese, okuyinto zonakale uthando nomuntu futhi bengafaneleki.

Dzhakomo Puchchini wadala wobuciko ngempela, okuyinto wazuza ukungafi enkundleni. "Mma Butterfly" Namanje njengelinye lamazwe opera ubhedu emhlabeni.