Pilot-cosmonaut we-Russian Federation Usachev Yuri

Ngamunye wethu, mhlawumbe, wayephupha ngendalo engumntwana, ephupha ukuhlola indawo yonke, yokubhekana nayo, kodwa yokuphishekela lezi zifiso eminyakeni yonke futhi angazisebenzisi wonke umuntu ehlombe.

77 th ngesilinganiso sezwe kanye ne-cosmonaut engu-305 emhlabeni - lokhu kubonakala ngathi umshayeli-cosmonaut we-Russian Federation - Usachev Yuri. Le ndoda yayingeyona nje inhlanhla yokwamukela amaphupho akhe ebusweni, kodwa futhi ukuba yinye yezinto ezifanele kakhulu futhi ezihlonishwayo, kokubili ezweni nakwamanye amazwe.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, u-Usachev uphumelele ukusakaza i-astronautics, ukuletha kubantu. U-Yuri wafika nomqondo wokuzama isandla sakhe ngokubhala. Futhi, eqinisweni, waphumelela. Wonke umuntu angafunda ngemisebenzi yakhe namuhla. Kwanele kuphela ukufinyelela emtatsheni welabhulali oseduze bese uthola ithala elidingekile.

Lona owaziwa yilowo nalowo kithi isikhala esinamakhono esikuthandayo u-Yuri Usachev. Izithombe zezindiza zakhe eziqedile zihlobisa amakhasi emisebenzi yakhe ngayinye.

Isikhathi Sezingane, Isikole Nesikhathi Somfundi

U-Yuri wazalwa esifundeni saseRostov ngo-Okthoba 9, 1957. Ukuze uthole ulwazi, wayengeyena kuphela ingane emndenini - wayenomfowethu nodade osekhulile owayengumzuzu omncane emdala. Unina womfana wasebenza yonke impilo yakhe efektri njengomchwepheshe, futhi ubaba wakhe wayengummbizi nomgesi ongaphansi komhlaba.

U-Usachev U-Yuri wakhulela ingane ehlakaniphile futhi esevele eneminyaka eyisithupha ubudala abazali bakhe bamnika ekilasini lokuqala lesikole samabanga aphansi uNombolo 5 edolobheni laseDonetsk. Ngaphezu kokutadisha, lo mfana wazidela ngokuphelele ezemidlalo. Wayenesithakazelo ngokukhethekile emibhikishweni enjalo njenge-sambo ne-judo.

Ngemva kwesikole, wathola umsebenzi njengomshayeli efektri ekhonta, lapho asebenza khona isikhathi esifushane - le nsizwa yathunyelwa yi-commissar yezempi ukuya kwizifundo ze-Voluntary Society ukuze isize e-Army, Aviation and Fleet, ngesikhathi sokuphothula iziqu, wanikezwa ilayisense yokushayela ekilasini lesithathu. Ngemva kwesikhashana, u-Yuri wabizelwa enkonzweni yempi. Lapho ngemuva kokuphela kweyunithi ephoqelekile yezemfundo, wabekwa umphathi womnyango.

Lapho ebuya enkonzweni yezempi ngo-1978, wangena eMoscow ngezinhlelo zokulungiselela e-Orzhonikidze Aviation Institute. NgoSeptemba, ubhalise e-Faculty of Cosmonautics, eyaphumelela iziqu ngo-1985 nge diploma eMechanical Engineering.

Ekuqaleni kohambo

Ngokuqondene nesimo esinzima sezinto ezibonakalayo emndenini, u-Yuri kwadingeka ahlanganise ukutadisha nomsebenzi. Futhi njengoba efunda esikhungweni sezindiza, wayenenhlanhla ukuthatha indawo ye-laboratory omsizi ekolishi, okwasiza ekusebenzeni hhayi ngenca yezinhlelo zemfundo. Futhi phakathi nomkhuba wokukhiqiza, owawuqala ngoFebruwari kuya ku-Ephreli 1985, wazama indima yomkhumbi wokuqeqesha umkhumbi obizwa ngokuthi "Saima".

Kamuva kamuva ufika njengenjiniyela kwi-Rocket ne-Space Corporation Energia okuthiwa yi-Korolev, lapho esebenze khona iminyaka emithathu yokuqala, unquma ukufaka isicelo sokwamukelwa esitokisini se-cosmonaut. Isitatimende sensizwa encane, kodwa esethembisayo kakhulu, iziphathimandla zamamukela futhi zamthumelela ekomitini lezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Ngenxa yalokho, ngo-Okthoba 1988, odokotela bamqaphela ukuthi kufanelekile, futhi ngo-Okthoba 21, wangeniswa ukuqhutshelwa ukuqeqesha okukhethekile eGagarin Cosmonaut Training Centre. Futhi ngolunye usuku kamuva, indodakazi yakhe yedwa kanye ethandekayo, u-Eugene, ivela ekukhanyeni. Ngokusho kwe-cosmonaut ngokwakhe, lesi kwakuyisipho esihle kunazo zonke ukuphila okungamnika yona.

Imisebenzi yesikhala ye-Usachev

Ekupheleni kukaJanuwari 1989 u-Usachev Yuri Vladimirovich, i-cosmonaut, watuswa ukuba afakwe engxenyeni enkulu ye-rocket ne-space corporation "Energia". Lapho, uqala ukusebenza emotweni yokuqalisa futhi uthatha ingxenye esebenzayo nayo yonke into ekucubunguleni izindaba ezihlobene nokwakhiwa kwezindiza, futhi kuthathwa ukuthuthukisa uhlelo lokuya esikhaleni sangaphandle.

Ngemuva kwenyanga kamuva unikezwa isikhundla sokuhlolwa kwe-cosmonaut. Lapho uhlangana nomshayeli onolwazi nolwazi oluzayo lomsebenzi we-crew - u-Yuri Onufrienko. Futhi kakade ngo-1991 wabhaliswa eqenjini le-space corporation "Energia". Ngokulandelayo, udlula ukuqeqeshwa kwesikhala esiphezulu kwendawo yokuhlala engaphansi kwegama elithi "Mir".

Kusukela maphakathi no-Okthoba 1992 kuya kuJanuwari 1993, wenza amalungiselelo adingekayo okuhamba ngezindiza endaweni yangaphandle, ezama inendima yomxhumanisi-onjiniyela womkhumbi.

NgoJanuwari 24 wonyaka ofanayo U-Usachev Yuri wenza njengobuso obuphindaphindiwe bomxhumanisi ohamba phambili ohambweni oluhamba phambili esiteshini se-Mir or Soyuz TM-15, uCaptain Poleshchuk. Kusukela ngoFebhuwari 8 kuya kuJuni 24, u-Yuri wenza ukuqeqeshwa okulandelayo okukhethekile kwezimonmoni, kuphela ngokuhambisana nohlelo lwe-EO-14. Lezi zinguquko zibangelwa ukuthi u-Yuri nomphathi wakhe oyinhloko, uTsibliev, babengenaso isipiliyoni sokubhukuda esikhaleni esingaphandle ngemuva kwamahlombe abo kanye neziphathimandla eziphakeme azizange ziwashiye zodwa emotweni eyodwa, kodwa mhlawumbe ngezindlela ezahlukene.

Ngomhla ka-1 Julayi 1993, waphinda wabhekana nomuntu ongekho ngaphansi kwe-board engineer ohambweni oluyishumi nane. Futhi ngo-Agasti 16 isazi sezinkanyezi sase siphoqelelwe ukuba siqale ukulungiselela okulandelayo kwalolu hambo.

Ukuhamba kuqala

Uhambo lokuqala nolulinde isikhathi eside endaweni evulekile engenawo umoya, u-Yuri Usachev (cosmonaut), okwenziwa kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya kuJulayi 1994 enkampanini ye-Soyuz-18 ne-Mir orbital eyinkimbinkimbi kanye noPolakov no-Afanasyev, kamuva aba abangane bakhe abakhulu. Lapho ebuya eMhlabeni, wanikezwa isihloko esithi Hero of Russia, i-Pilot-Cosmonaut yaseRussia Federation kanye nomcwaningi onomqondo owodwa futhi othembisayo wanikezwa isitifiketi se-third-class test cosmonaut.

Ngemva kokuchitha isikhathi esithile eholidini elifanelwe kahle, Usachev Yuri uzimisele ukubuyela emsebenzini. Yiqiniso, maduzane waphinde wabizwa esigodini sesibili se-EO-19 esikhundleni sePoleschuk eyaziwayo. I-astronaut ngokushesha yazuza umfutho futhi yagcwalisa amakhono ayo okugibela emotweni eyedlule emkhathini.

Ngo-June 27, 1995, waba yinto engaphansi kwe-engineer ye-engboard yeqembu eliholayo likaBudarin. Khona-ke wabeka ukusebenza ekuqeqesheni okulandelayo, nakuba manje ekhuluma esikoleni sokuqala somkhumbi.

Ukuhamba kwesibili

Uhambo olulandelayo oluya e-airspace lwaqala ngoFebruwari 21 lwaqhubeka kuze kube nguSeptemba 2, 1996 njengengxenye yeqembu leSoyuz-23 kanye nohambo lwamashumi amabili nanye ukuya ku-orbit. Uhambo lwesibili lwaluyi-Usachev debut - ngenkathi kwaba nenhlanhla yokwenza izindawo eziyisithupha eziphumelelayo endaweni evulekile, lapho achitha khona amahora angamashumi amathathu nemizuzu efanayo yesikhathi sakhe.

Kusukela ngoMeyi 19 kuya kuMeyi 29, 2000 U-Usachev u-Yuri wenza ingxenye yesithathu empilweni yakhe yokuphila esikebheni sesizukulwane esisha sase-Atlantis. Leli hambo lahlala izinsuku eziyisishiyagalolunye namahora angamashumi amabili futhi yaqala ukusebenza kwemisebenzi yokubuyisela ibhodi le-ISS.

I-Fourth Flight

Okwesine, u-Yuri Vladimirovich wagijima ngo-Mashi 8, 2001 njengengxenye yesikole se-ISS sesibili esikhwameni sezindiza esibizwa ngokuthi Ukutholwa.

Iminye imisebenzi ye-astronaut

Wakwazi ukuhlanganisa ukuhamba kwesikhala nesibindi sokubhala. U-astronaut waseRussia u-Yuri Usachev unemisebenzi ehlukahlukene kakhulu. "Ngolunye usuku emkhathini" - enye yezidumile kakhulu endalweni yakhe, okuyinto eyayikuthanda kakhulu kokubili abagxeka nabafundi abanolwazi.

U-Yuri naye wabelane ngemibono yakhe emphakathini ngokubhala, lapho echaza ngokuningiliziwe ngezindiza zakhe. Ekuqaleni kwakhe kwakubizwa ngokuthi "iDayari ye-Astronaut", ngo-2004 ukukhululwa. Le ncwadi yawela ngokushesha ekuthandweni kwabafundi futhi yaletha udumo lomlobi ensimini yomlobi.

Njengoba sikwazi, umsebenzi womlobi uthathe isosayensi. Akahlose ukuyeka lokho akufezile. U-Yuri Vladimirovich ucatshangelwe ngemibono eminingi nemisebenzi. Ngakho-ke ake sifune lokhu kumuntu omuhle futhi onamakhono onamakhono amaningi okuphumelela ekudaleni!

Isiphetho

Ngomuntu onjalo omkhulu, onenjongo futhi onamandla, sathola ithuba lokuzijwayeza kulesi sihloko. Phela, uYury Usachev unemfanelo efanayo. I-biography yalokhu i-astronaut iyakwazi ukumangala, ukujabula nokugqugquzela wonke umuntu othanda ukudala isikhala sempumelelo enkulu.