Prince Alexander saseNevsky: Biography of the umuntu omkhulu

Prince Alexander saseNevsky, ogama biography Kuyinto ephawulekayo ngempela, wayengomunye walabo ababusi Russian, okuyinto namanje hhayi kuphela zikhunjulwe, kodwa ohlonishwayo. izimpi yakhe futhi migilingwane ngumnikazi izingqondo kanye nabamele isizukulwane yesimanje, nakuba ayephila kudala.

Ukuzalwa nomndeni

Alexander saseNevsky (biography yaziwa, isimiso, ngempela okuhle) wazalwa ngo-May 13, 1221 e umbhangqwana kwesikhulu uJaroslav Vsevolodich futhi Theodosia Mstislavovna (indodakazi ka Mstislav isuswe). Hlela intandokazi Novgorod isikhulu senu abasha baba kusukela 1236, nokubusa kwakhe ligcwele ezinhlamvu izakhamuzi ziphume nasendleleni imbala. Novgorod laliwumuzi khulula, ongathandanga unquestioningly ukulalela omunye umuntu. Alexander eshadile 1239, bakhetha ukuba abe umkakhe princess of Polotsk Alexandra Bryachislavnu. Lo mshado wasondeza amadodana amathathu: UDaniyeli waqhubeka wathi ukuba abe isikhulu eMoscow, futhi Dmitry futhi Andrey - lo Vladimir.

Battle iNeva kanye Battle eLake Peipus

impi Mnandi, phakathi kwesikhathi lapho isikhulu ithole isidlaliso sakhe, kwaba-July 15, 1240 ku- amabhange iNeva. Alexander wakwazi ziyakwenyanyisa ekuhlaseleni amasosha Swedish iphansi kwesandla sika-edumile Birger Jarl (kamuva wayeyoba umbusi Poland), ukuze kulondolozwe insimu esogwini kwe-Gulf of Finland kanye lokuvalwa unomphela umbuzo izimangalo abaseSweden kula mazwe. Alexander saseNevsky (yomlando wakhe uchaza leli qiniso) ngokushesha ngemva kwempi eshiya Novgorod, futhi akazange ukuzwana nabantu (futhi futhi, njengoba njalo, kwaba othandweni nenkululeko Novgorod), futhi zayiswa Pereslavl.

Nokho, lokhu akuzange kuhlale Opal eside. Novgorod wayengeke akwenze ngaphandle nomholi wezempi ekhazimulayo, ngoba ngaso sonke isikhathi umuntu efuna ukungazi bephazamisa ezweni labo. Lesi sikhathi kwathi ukuphoqelela Lithuanian Grand Duke futhi Order Livonian. ngqó, impendulo ingu-Order ngokusemthethweni feuded nezikhulu Russian. Phakathi yayo isikhathi eside yokuphisa okuhlukene. Ingxenye Knights esivuna imikhankaso Ngokuqhubeka eZweni Elingcwele, kuyilapho omunye wafuna zenkolo bayiswa empumalanga, emasimini Russia nomakhelwane balo. Empeleni, Livonian Knights empini abadumile abathintekayo kancane, iningi amabutho kwakungekaNkulunkulu isikhulu Lithuanian. Prince Alexander saseNevsky, ogama biography kuchazwa esihlokweni, aphendule ngesibawo ka Novgorod futhi emuva. Owayedume eminyaka impi senzeka ice abagqoke Lake Chud (nakuba indawo esiqondile akwaziwa kuze kube manje) ku 1242 ngomhlaka 5 Ephreli. Ukunqotshwa amabutho esitha ukuba unikeze, Order full kanzima wanikezwa lesi ukuhlulwa. Ngakho, Prince Alexander saseNevsky (yomlando wakhe ugcwele izenzo ezinjalo) futhi kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha imingcele esentshonalanga ye Russia.

IRoma ne zidlamlilo

Laba bobabili impi - ku uMfula iNeva neLake Peipus - nje uyakhazinyuliswa eminyaka futhi ngoba yibona kuphela Russia ngaleso sikhathi. Empumalanga ke kwabahambela kabi. izikhulu Russian abakwazanga ukuba beze ndawonye futhi ulwe ekuhlaseleni isitha esinamandla - the zidlamlilo, futhi manje base bechithe ukuhambisana khans, ukuhamba enhloko-dolobha yabo yokuthola amalebula ilungelo ukubusa emazweni azo endabuko. Lokhu kwakungemva kokufa kayise waya zidlamlilo futhi abazalwane Aleksandru Andrew. Inkosazana e ibhodi ithole amazwe eningizimu yeRussia, kuhlanganise Kiev, kanti uthumbu - enyakatho. Nokho, isikhulu namanje ubuyela Novgorod ozithandayo. Futhi nangu omunye umcimbi okungukuthi biography Aleksandra Nevskogo (isifinyezo kufanele lihlanganise Eqinisweni) ugcizelela ikakhulukazi. Naphezu amandla namaMongol izinkathazo zabo siqu, isikhulu ongawamukeli usizo kusukela West esenana kwemukelwa enkolweni yamaKatolika. babheka ithuba elinjalo kwenza kube uPapa Innocent IV, kodwa wathola nokwenqaba categorical.

Ngemva inhlokomo yangaphakathi e zidlamlilo kakhulu (kokugumbuqelwa Hanshi Ogul Hashim Khan Mangu) Alexander uthola ishothikhathi ukubusa eNovgorod e 1242. Kodwa voknyazhilsya emzini yayingakwazi - Andreya umfowabo, kanye nokusekelwa Galician Prince Daniel Romanovich futhi iSikhulu Tver, wenqaba ukulahla amandla. Nokho, ngokushesha, u-Alexander wakwazi ukuthola eNovgorod. Alexander saseNevsky (yomlando wakhe ugcwele zokunqoba okhazimulayo usomaqhinga) ngesikhathi evakashele Golden zidlamlilo ephethwe knock amadoda akhe ithuba ukungahlanganyeli ekugubheni kokunqotshwa imikhankaso amaMongol. Nokho, endleleni eya emuva Prince uwela iyagula futhi efela Gorodets, esisogwini eMfuleni iVolga, 14 Novemba 1263. Inguqulo ye-ubuthi amaMongol yakhe khona, kodwa ukuba kufakazelwe namuhla, ayikho indlela.

Ukuhlonipha saint

UVladimir wayifunda emuva 1280, kodwa nokunxusa olusemthethweni abafika kamuva. Alexander saseNevsky baba umxhasi Russia hhayi kuphela, kodwa kamuva Russian, futhi okuxhaphaza ke zazibonakala hhayi kuphela e temdzabu legends, kodwa kamuva ezincwadini kanye cinema.