Pulse kagesi: ezilula eyinkimbinkimbi

Inethiwekhi global manje ungathola nokwaziswa ngalokho kuyinto ishayela kagesi. Abantu abaningi babemesaba, ngezinye izikhathi ngeke fully aware of BABE lisengozini. Uphalafini emlilweni uthele izinhlelo ze-TV yesayensi kanye izihloko ku tabloids. Angiqondi lo mbuzo sekuyisikhathi?

Ngakho, i-pulse kagesi (EMP) - a perturbation yasendle kagesi ine ithonya kunoma iyiphi into impahla ezonini ye wesenzo. Kuthinta izinto hhayi kuphela conductive, kodwa futhi ukuba insulators, kodwa ifomu ukuhluka. Ngokuvamile, inkulumo ethi "ishayela kagesi" eyakhelene igama elithi "izikhali zenuzi." Kungani? Impendulo ilula: kwaba iziqhumane zasemkhathini EMI ifinyelela inani layo omkhulu kunabo bonke. Mhlawumbe, kwezinye izindawo zokuhlola futhi awukwazi ukwakha perturbation eqinile zasendle, kodwa lendawo emvelweni, futhi lokho iziqhumane zasemkhathini abathintekayo endaweni enkulu.

Ukubukeka kwaso ishayela kagesi abalamacala imithetho eziningana, okuyinto emsebenzini nsuku zonke ababhekana nazo zonke ngogesi. Njengoba yaziwa, ukuhamba ohlangothini izinhlayiya aphansi nokuba kagesi, ngokuseduze elihlobene ne kazibuthe. Uma kukhona umqhubi lapho notshwala zamanje, bese emhlabeni njalo eqoshiwe ensimini. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuchayeka yasendle kagesi indaba conductive edonsa amandla electromotive therein, futhi ngenxa yalokho, yamanje. Ngokuvamile ucacise ukuthi amafomu umqhubi wesifunda, nakuba lokhu kuyiqiniso kuphela ingxenye ngoba imisinga eddy ukudala wabuka abo emqulwini impahla conductive. A iziqhumane zasemkhathini kudala ukunyakaza electron futhi yingakho kukhona inkambu. Khona-ke yonke into ilula: ulayini ukungezwani, esikhundleni salokho, ukudala imisinga eyenga e babashayeli ezizungezile.

Mshini lokhu mkhuba lokhu okulandelayo: ngenxa ukukhululwa leso sikhathi of amandla kokuba kuyizinhlayiyana notshwala (gamma, i-alpha, ama-X ray , njll). Phakathi ndima zabo ngokusebenzisa amangqamuzana emoyeni "akhishwe" electron, okuyinto kuthambekele kanye imigqa kazibuthe omhlaba. Abamangali iqondiswe (lamanje) yakha inkambu kagesi. Futhi njengoba lezi zinqubo zenzeka ngesivinini sombani, singaxoxa mayelana umfutho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyo yonke babashayeli okuyizinto ezahlukene emkhakheni (amakhulu amakhilomitha), a wamanje unxenxwa, futhi njengoba amandla emkhakheni nawo njengomnyango mkhulu kakhulu, inani lamanje futhi ezinkulu. Lokhu kubangela uhlelo Ukuvikelwa, fuses kushaywa - kuze kube umlilo umonakalo ohlala njalo. Zonke kuncike isenzo emisebeni kagesi kusukela ezifundeni ehlangene ukuze zikagesi, nakuba ngezindlela ezingafani.

EMI ukuzivikela ukuvimbela lokungeniswa yasendle. Lokhu kungafezwa ngezindlela eziningana:

- ukuhambisa kude lapho ukuzamazama kwaqala khona, kusukela ensimini buthakathaka nge ibanga okuthuthukayo;

- Ukuhlolwa (earthed) ezisebenza ngogesi;

- "ingenzele" isikimu, ngokunikeza izikhala umbono wamanje elikhulu.

Ngokuvamile, uyakwazi ukuthola umbuzo kanjani ukudala i ishayela kagesi ngezandla zabo. Eqinisweni, wonke umuntu ubhekene ke nsukuzonke ngokuchofoza inkinobho eyayikhanyisa isibani esaziwa yibo. Ngesikhathi ukushintsha lwamanje idlule okwesikhashana okuzisholo izikhathi eziyishumi emhlabeni wire edonsa inkambu kagesi okuyinto eheha e babashayeli ezizungezile amandla electromotive. Vele amandla lesi simanga alanele umonakalo ifaniswe EMP iziqhumane zasemkhathini. ukubonakaliswa Okuningi evelele yalo ingatholakala ekulinganiseni izinga yasendle eduze Welding arc. Kunoma ikuphi, le nkinga ilula: kumele uhlele ukuthi kungenzeka okuvela kuyo i leso esikhulu kagesi lamanje ukubaluleka ngempumelelo.