Spacers naslonnye semishayweni: incazelo, izifunda, kanye idivayisi izici ukubala

Semishayweni bakha main ilungu ukwesekwa isakhiwo iyiphi ophahleni. Izindlela ukuzifaka, kunezindlela eziningi. Isikhathi esining impela, amakhaya uphahla eqoqwe, isibonelo, kwi naslonnyh spacer semishayweni. sici ngokuyinhloko basebenzela enkonzweni ophahleni futhi eguqa futhi kokucindezelwa. Lokho idluliselwa odongeni mpo nje kuphela kodwa futhi amandla ovundlile.

umklamo Izici

Eqinisweni, imishayo abanjalo bangabaphostoli inguqulelo naslonnyh komunye esasilenga-lisakazeka. umthwalo Kuqondile bona idlule isigxobo bulala ume. Spacer ingcindezi efanayo semishayweni onjalo izindonga ngenxa yokuthi anamekwe imishayo noma mauerlat ezinzima. Nale ndlela ukulungisa in the ifremu ophahleni ukucindezeleka ovundlile nakanjani kwenzeka. Isikimu naslonnyh spacer Trusses abekwe ngezansi ubonisa isimiso wokusebenza ngokucacile.

Yini okufanele sicatshangelwe lapho kwenta tinhlaka

Ngaphambi kokufakwa uphahla Yebo, iziqondiso zokufaka idayagramu zonke izakhi zawo kumele ithuthukiswe, kuhlanganise semishayweni. Ekubhaleni uzimele ophahleni phrojekthi kumelwe kuqala kungachazwa:

• nge semishayweni ukuthambekela naslonnyh;
• kwesigaba zabo;
• ukubukwa kusetshenziswe imithi;
• kokufaka isinyathelo;
• izindlela okunamathiselwe.

Yini okufanele ibe engela ukuthambekela

Ukubala lokhu ipharamitha ukuya ngendlela efanele. On indlela ukulungisa uzobe engela ekhethiwe ngqo kuncike nokwethenjelwa UKUQINA isakhiwo ezifana kophahla semishayweni naslonnymi. Okungcono kakhulu, yebo, babe nophahla phezu isakhiwo esithubeni nje. Kulokhu, endlini uzobe ifakwe elisophahleni yokuhlala noma Loft. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukubukeka kanye suburban izakhiwo enophahla umxhwele kangaka. Nokho, izindleko emaweni ophahleni, yebo, flat ezibizayo.

Ngaphezu izici ukusebenza ikusasa ophahleni kanye izakhiwo sakhiwo, kukhethwa engela imisebe kudingeka sicabangele izimo ezifana nalezi:

• isisindo isamba impahla ukufulela isetshenziswa;
• kungenzeka iqhwa umthwalo;
• umoya umthwalo.

Ngayinye impahla ukufulela, kukhona siqu ubuncane eyamukelekayo izinga engela yayo. Ngakho, ngokwesibonelo, i-metal kuba 12-14 degrees, ngoba slate - 22 degrees, njll With ukuthuthukiswa iphrojekthi Yiqiniso, kucatshangelwe ...

umoya Okungenzeka neqhwa umthwalo phezu kophahla kunqunywa amatafula ekhethekile iyawakha esifundeni ngasinye. Ezingxenyeni eziningi Russia engela elikhulu emthambekeni based ngalezi zinkomba kuyinto 30-45 degrees.

Yini pilomaterily ukukhetha

Ngenxa yezizathu ezisobala, okuyiyona ngxenye ebaluleke kakhulu ifreyimu ophahleni kukhona semishayweni ngokunembile naslonnye. Ukwakheka (futhi ISIZINDA ngokwabo izinyawo) kubo njengoba kulokhu zelungu eyinhloko kufanele kube njengoba esiqinile. Ngakho-ke, ukukhetha izingodo ngabo kufanele wasondela njengoba izimisele kakhulu ngangokunokwenzeka.

Ngokuvamile, ophahleni semishayweni amakhaya ezweni esetshenziswa zikaphayini ugodo. Ngo ugodo ezinjalo eqhukethe kuzilandeleli, futhi ngakho-ke oluphakeme amelana umswakama. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izingodo zikaphayini babe nesilinganiso enkulu ngokwanele zokuphepha futhi akuzona eqolo.

Indlela yokwenza semishayweni ukubala naslonnyh

kwesigaba ugongolo engu- walezinto obusekelayo obubonisa ukuba Uhlaka uphahla kubalwa okusekelwe zici ezilandelayo:

• isisindo ingqikithi uphahla enzuzweni;
• iphimbo phakathi imishayo;
• ubude bawo.

Kufakiwe naslonnye semishayweni ku increments of cm 50 120. Kulezo zindawo lapho iqhwa ebusika, ibanga phakathi lezi zinto Ivame ukwenziwa ezincane. Kuyefana nasendleleni ophahleni, ehlotshiswe esindayo impahla ukufulela, ezifana ubumba tile ophahla. Uma kwezulu awe esifundeni akuyona kakhulu kule sizini abandayo, ungagcina bese usetha imishayo nge pitch ezinkulu. Ngo-European Russia uma isetshenziselwa ambozwe Ondulina ophahleni semishayweni noma ishidi profiled ngokuvamile ukukhwezwa at ibanga cishe 80-100 cm kusuka komunye nomunye.

Ngokuphathelene edingekayo umlenze obuphelele ke bakuchaza impela nje. Design naslonnyh semishayweni, njenganoma iyiphi enye, wukuthi projection frontal uphahla endlini ngokuvamile kuba unxantathu isosceles. Ngakho-ke, ukuze ukubala ubude imilenze, wena nje udinge ukwabelana kwesigamu esingangeminyaka umakhiwo cosine engela emthambekeni. Ukuze lesi sibalo kumele kwengezwe ku cishe 40 cm eziphephile.

Ukwazi ubude semishayweni futhi ukunquma ibanga elibahlukanisile, ungakwazi kalula uthole ukuthi yini kufanele-sigaba. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa amatafula ekhethekile. Ngokuvamile ukuthatha semishayweni ibha kwesigaba 150x150 cm Ngaphansi mauerlat ngoba ngesikhathi operation babe umthwalo sina oluvame ukusetshenziswa impahla mkhulu -. 150x200 noma 200x200 cm.

Uyivikela kanjani phansi

Mauerlat ukuze ukhonkolo nezindonga isitini kuvame eqondiswa ihange nosimende pre-ngodonga noma ezakhiweni zamatshe aqoshiwe. Izindlela ukulungisa semishayweni ngokwawo kukhona eziningana:

• ngu notching;
• usebenzisa imishudo lashukumisa namakhona;
• usebenzisa izinzipho, izibopho futhi izintambo.

Umshayo aboshelwe inhlangano wophahla uzimele noma ngokuqondile ku mauerlat, noma edlulisela ngale endizeni imishayo udonga. Kulo mBhalo, entabeni kungenziwa ngezindlela ezimbili:

1. emthambekeni emaweni (35 degrees) e ugongolo umshayo vrubka babevame ukukhiqiza izinyo elilodwa. Kulokhu, umlenze cut spike, futhi ephendula ingxenye - ukugcizelelwa ngokukhethekile. Empeleni kakhulu okunamathiselwe senziwa usebenzisa imishudo.
2. Ngezinye uphahla ezitshekile eziveza ebusweni for kwakwakhe okwandisa senziwa notching nokusetshenziswa izinyo double.

Lapho axube ngqo mauerlat e umshayo inqanyulwa kuphela esihlalweni obandayo. nenkanuko edlulele eligxilile Kulokhu kwenziwa kaningi kakhulu usebenzisa lashukumisa emakhoneni ekhethekile perforated. Basuke ezibekwe ezinhlangothini imilenze abethela nge ngezikulufo. Ukuze kuncishiswe umthwalo odongeni ovundlile kusukela ophahleni, ngezinye izikhathi phezu umshayo ibha ngezansi futhi eyayigcwele (ukuyeka e mauerlat). umhlangano fastener okunjalo ngokuvamile okwengeziwe fixed wire-induku. It ukwakha odongeni at the stage of ebeka noma ekubunjweni ibhande abalwazi kahle ulimi.

Ngezinye izikhathi naslonnye semishayweni lokhuni zigxilé mauerlat nasemhlanganweni sezipikili ezintathu. Libuye indlela kuhle okuthembekile. Kulokhu, nail kuqhutshwa phakathi imishayo, kanti lawa amanye amabili engela kancane nhlangothi zombili kuye. Nale ndlela ukulungisa liphinde kunilungele ukuba ngaphezu kwalokho usebenzise ngocingo-induku. Ngezinye izikhathi esikhundleni isicelo izibopho ekhethekile, clasping umshayo ngenhla mauerlat.

Uyivikela kanjani phezulu

Ngenhla naslonnye semishayweni ingaphinda kuzolungiswa ngezindlela eziningana. Ngezinye izikhathi, basuke awashintsheki ngqo yokhalo run by notching, kodwa ngokuvamile namanje exhunywe ngababili phezu kwalo. Kulo mBhalo, indlela ingaqoqwa ipulazi "engxenyeni-isihlahla" noma ngokusebenzisa aminyene amapuleti steel noma imigoqo.

Njengoba naslonnye Isikhala umshayo idluliselwa odongeni kuhlanganise umthwalo ovundlile ku nezipani zabo ezinkulu, kanye ukulengiswa, ngezinye izikhathi ngababili umshudo ngaphezu kwalokho ukuxhuma isihloko.

inqubo yokufaka

Ingabe naslonnaya endlini uhlelo semishayweni zilwane kanje:

• Kusukela amabhodi eside ezibaziweyo iphethini lapho kamuva kukhona semishayweni cut. Ukusetshenziswa Its ivumela ukwenza ncamashi izakhi efanayo, futhi ngenxa yalokho, ukukhulisa ngombala ophahleni.
• yokubeka Extreme ukukhwezwa (by gables).
• Phakathi kwabo, lizinga okungezona nokunwebeka sisalokhu intambo nendawo Indlela.
• By joists inamathelisiwe zasesiteji Lesisemkhatsini.
• Bona fixed yokhalo isigxobo. Bopha-ke kuya ebhasikidini kungaba ngu vpoldereva noma emakhoneni.
• Egibele Trusses kakhulu.
• Nge esikhethiwe setha isinyathelo Lesisemkhatsini.

Ngemva kwalapho kumila khona uhlaka uphahla behlangene, uqhubekele ukufakwa ukwahlukanisa, ungangenisi amanzi, ukufulela kanye Batten.

izakhi engeziwe naslonnyh semishayweni

Umbhali wayevame ukunezela lokhu nohlaka kwalesi silwane ogibele izindlu ezinkulu nge iphelela ububanzi. Kulokhu, ukugwema isidingo ugodo obukhulu, futhi izindleko yingakho ezingadingekile ekwakhiweni uphahla ngokuvamile zihlanganisa izakhi eyengeziwe - struts noma ngemishayo podstropilnye. Eyokuqala komunye umkhawulo unamathele esikhundleni yokubeka futhi belele uxhumano, kanti owesibili, i-engela 45 degrees - ukuze kakhulu kube semishayweni. Umphumela kwesekelwa lolwengetiwe, okuyinto akuvumeli unyawo ukubonisa kakhulu imithwalo lapho ezinzima. Nqumani isidingo strut ngezansi nje engela 45 degrees. Kukhona igebe phakathi kwabo, ibha futhi unyawo akuvunyelwe.

Ukusebenzisa imishayo podstropilnyh ikuvumela ukuqoqa uphahla eziqinile ku izindlu nge nezipani ebanzi kakhulu. Kulokhu, pole yokhalo ayifakiwe. Kunalokho, izindonga ababuthelwa lokuqala belele ezimbili, zazo ogibele Racks. On kubo futhi imishayo lamapulangwe ngokuqinile ukusekela semishayweni naslonnye. amaphuzu okunamathiselwe kulokhu lwenziwa ngendlela efanayo e mauerlat. Okungukuthi, emishayweni lokuqala akhethiwe kokwehla esidlekeni, bese-ke unamathele ugongolo esebenzisa kubakaki.

What You Need to Know

Sebenzisa naslonnye umshayo Isikhala ngokuyisisekelo nje izindlu akhiwe ngezitini, block noma izindonga Monolithic. Lokhu kungenxa ngokuyinhloko yokuthi kulesi simo okunamathiselwe mauerlat wenza isandla. On the izindlu ezakhiwe ngokhuni imishayo kwalesi silwane kungasethiwe, ngoba izakhiwo ezinjalo ngemva ukwakhiwa owayengase akwazi ukuncipha eqinile. Ngenxa yalokho, eqondiswa umqhele eliphezulu ophahleni kumane indaba. Ngezinye zindlu benzelwe kuze kube semishayweni mauerlat ku amaseli akhethekile - "isihlibhi" ukuqinisekisa ukuhamba kwabo.

isiphetho

Njengoba ubona, ukubala bese ufake umshayo Isikhala naslonnye wedwa akunzima kangako. Nokho, noma yini indlela yabo ukunamathela mauerlat, ngemishayo purlins engakaze akhethiwe, wonke umsebenzi kufanele kwenziwe ngokucophelela - ne izinga izakhi fixing, ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ubuchwepheshe. Kungenjalo ophahleni uthole alithembekile futhi ngokushesha kuzodinga ukulungisa noma ngisho reinstallation.