Staroslavyanizmy: izici nokusetshenziswa ngesiRashiya yesimanje

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi staroslavyanizmy wafunda esikoleni esiphakeme, owaphothula ezingavamile ukukhumbula ukubaluleka kwaleli gama. Yini ukusho ngabantu asebebadala, esikoleni-okwakuyinto kude ngemuva.

Kuyini staroslavyanizmy?

Izimpawu kulamagama ziyinsakavukela kangangokuba esinayo thina awuboni. Staroslavyanizmy amagama lathathwa elidala Slavic ulimi, okuyinto kubhekwa izincwadi zokuqala lwamaSlav lasendulo.

Futhi izincwadi noma nge-Internet kungaba ukuhlangabezana eside ezifana tserkovnoslavyanizmy. Ngaphansi kwalo Ngokuvamile lokhu kwakuhilela kuyafana nalokho ngaphansi staroslavyanizmy, ne umehluko kuphela ukuthi amazwi lathathwa ulimi Isonto lwamaSlav. It is njengelinye lamazwe-Old Church kamuva.

Noma kunjalo, izwi ngezibonakaliso staroslavyanizmy kukhona ikuyo yonke indawo enkulumweni yansuku zonke. Kungase kungakholakali, kodwa noma ubani kithi ithi waboleka eside okungenani izikhathi ezintathu ngosuku. Futhi athi amazwi ngokuvamile ukuze kakade abazange bakuqaphele staroslavyanizmy.

Izimpawu zamagama ezifana

Ngakho unquma kanjani lapho inkulumo kubaneka namagama afana? Zikhona izici ngempela kucace staroslavyanizmy ngolimi Russian. izici Isici lezi emagama labolekiwe kungatholakala njengoba ukufana umsindo, futhi uma ubhala.

Ucwaningo okwengeziwe ngalesi sihloko ukuthi kukhona ngempela indlela ukukhomba imisebenzi yamagama efana staroslavyanizmy, izimpawu zazo yilezi ezilandelayo:

1. Ifonetiki. Ukufana umsindo, isinqumo igcizelela.
2. Igama-kumiswa. A indlela kulungiselelwa amazwi anjalo.
3. Lucebe. Inshokutsi yemagama, umbala wabo ekukhulumeni imisebenzi ebhaliwe.

Qala ukuqaliswa staroslavyanizmy

Kusukela ngekhulu lesi-9 eRussia imvelo ulimi waphawula diglossia. Leli gama ngokuvamile kudidaniswe KuFundZa, nakuba sihluke kakhulu:

1. Uma KuFundZa ingenye Ulimi olusetshenziswa kancane kancane esikhundleni ngomunye, okuholela amazwi ambalwa nje kuyasetshenziswa.
2. Lapho diglossia izilimi ezimbili umphelelisi nomunye, ukwakha uhlobo Symbiosis, lokhu kuthuthukisa esiphambanweni inguqulo yasekuqaleni. Disglossiya ulimi usesimweni esigculisayo futhi ingahlala isikhathi eside, njengoba kwaba eRussia.

Sokuthuthwa kwempahla ubuKristu diglossia kwathiwa, lusakazwe kabanzi, nge isiRashiya kuyinto nsuku zonke, futhi iSonto - ulimi okusezingeni eliphezulu tetemibhalo, abe ukubaluleka engcwele.

Yini okulandelayo?

Kuphela ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-17 baqala ukuthutha e diglossia KuFundZa. Ngenxa yalokho, i-lwamaSlav ulimi Old kancane baqala ukuncipha abantu abakhuluma futhi kwehlise izikhundla zabo, kusale kuphela mkhondo imisebenzi ebhaliwe.

It wenziwa lihumusha "nendlu" ulimi Old Russian yezincwadi ezingcwele, nezincwadi "okusezingeni eliphezulu". Kancane kancane staroslavyanizmy kwesokunxele emthunzini isiRashiya, eshiya eningi ngokuya izikhumbuzo.

Kukangaki sihlangana emagama labolekiwe?

Isikhathi esining impela. Ngisho kaningi ngaphezu ungase ucabange.

izwi lwamaSlav lidlule olimini yesimanje ezifundeni ezimbili ezihlukene:

1. Ngokuphelele. Kuyinto amazwi ezifana izihlathi, amehlo, apula kanye nezinye ngeke zaziwazi kahle nathi.
2. Kancane. Lapha isimo mnandi, awusebenzi ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuthola ukuqagela ukuthi izwi kubolekwe. Ukuze ingxenye amazwi crosser zihlanganisa: ezeni, ukuxhumana, wambusisa, ukuhlakanipha, kanye nabanye.

Ngakho ngokuvamile nendlela esisebenzisa ngayo staroslavyanizmy enkulumweni yakhe?

Okungenani kanye ngesonto. Bewazi yini ukuthi igama elithi "iSonto" ubizwa nangokuthi waboleka? Kuyinto, njengoba igama elithi "Nkulunkulu", isidlulile ngokuphelele olimini lwethu weSonto lwamaSlav lwesigodi.

Futhi, qaphela ukuthi ngaso sonke isikhathi amazwi ngezibonakaliso lwamaSlav, zivuse izinhlangano nge ulimi etemibhalo. Abaningi babo Awunawo Umbala sitayela, okwenza ukusetshenziswa kwabo ukucasha. Ingabe ucabanga ukuthi "impilo yomphakathi" libhekisela iSonto lwamaSlav silulumagama, kanye "drift"?

Ukusetshenziswa imigomo waboleka ayikwazi kubhekwe eyohlobo, njengoba abanye babo ababeyikho ngolimi Russian ekuqaleni kuphela kwesikhathi wathatha kancane ngolimi. La mazwi abhekisela, isibonelo, a "eyigugu", "Belgrade" nabanye.

staroslavyanizmy Okuningi kaningi lisetshenziswe nokuloba imisebenzi yobuciko, ikakhulukazi kulesi sono izimbongi. Amazwi anjengalawa hhayi kuphela ukwazi ukuzigcina umfundi esimweni ekhethekile, kodwa futhi anikeze eziyinkimbinkimbi umlolotelo esiyingqayizivele, kanye ukuthuthukisa umqondo jikelele we okubhaliwe.

Ngokwesibonelo, "izihlathi" njengoba lisetshenziswe enkondlweni, kusobala asibhubhise romance lasendulo chivalric, okuyinto iminyaka eminingi captivates izinhliziyo abesifazane.

izici Ifonetiki staroslavyanizmy

Ngakho unquma kanjani staroslavyanizmy mkhombe? Izimpawu kulamagama zingatholakala, uma ubheka lwamaSlav (okwehlukile - lwamaSlav aseNingizimu) izindlela ukwakha amagama.

Ngokuthakazelisayo, lapho cishe ukulotshwa ezifanayo ngokuvamile kwenzeka kwehlukana ephelele ngokwencazelo yaleli imigomo.

Ifonetiki izici tserkovnoslavyanizmy:

• Sinenkosi inhlanganisela amaqoqo ra / noma oro la / Olt ukuthi wasuka lwamaSlav silulumagama. Ngokusobala la mazwi asebenza: rose, abathethise, ukuhalalisela - lokuyolula-, emuva, izinwele, Headless, ifu-ikhava, epholile, kanye nabanye.
• Inhlanganisela amaqoqo kufanele D / le okuyinto zivumelana Russian (noma East Slavic) EPE / ngokulambisa / yokudla. Lezi zihlanganisa: umgubuzelo-ifilimu, amadayisi, phambili / esizayo, ubisi, Milky, peredachka abazinikele kanye nabanye.
• Noma alternation of amaqoqo ra / La futhi Ro / Lo ekuqaleni izwi: ngobuningi, sidilike, rook-isikebhe indaba, umehluko-okudayisa, eceleni, peer-to-duda nabanye.
• Onkamisa a / e / w / o / i / y ekuqaleni: yagnonochek, Whacky, izizwe inesizungu ugly, eyingqayizivele.
• Inhlanganisela izinhlamvu ukuqeqesha, kanye siyafana Russian Well ukujabulela, ukuvikela, ukuqiniseka, balahlwa ngamacala abangenalwazi, abangenalwazi, nsuku zonke, nsuku zonke, kanye nabanye.
• Izincwadi w / pc / CC / h: ezidukayo ezidukayo toffee, futhi bangathandi abanye.

izimpawu lucebe staroslavyanizmy

izimpawu ezifanayo ukuthola:

• Ngokweqile "incwadi isiko" kwamagama, solemnity yabo. Amagama kunzima ukusebenzisa enkulumweni yansuku zonke.
• Ukuba Ngowenkolo isihloko inkolo, ikakhulukazi ubuKristu.
• Ukuqala amagama ayingxube esebenzisa Nkulunkulu / inzuzo / Sue / ezinhle / esibelethweni / okubi / eyodwa nokunye. La mazwi zihlanganisa: yezenkolo, yokukhulekela, izibusiso, wasibusisa, ubugebengu, ububi, ukukholelwa ezeni ubunye, union, nabanye.

izimpawu Derivational staroslavyanizmy

Njengoba izici ifonotiki zamagama ezifana staroslavyanizmy, izimpawu imfundo yabo nayo ibalulekile. Izici sici kakhulu kwakhiwa kwemagama tserkovnoslavyanizmy kubhekwe okulandelayo morpheme zabo:

• Good zonke ajwayelekile pre / ngokusebenzisa / kusuka / phansi kokuba izincwadi ngolimi Russian (re / nge / cheres / e / sec). Phakathi amazwi zibala: cross-kumuntu osonile-phezu kakhulu, thatha-abakhethiweyo, asehlisele-pimp-encishisiwe nokunye.
• umhosha Common / Yusch / ARG / likhreyithi (ahlangane Russian uch / Uche / Ah / cell), okuyinto ke siguqulelwa isici esasenza tichasiso. Lawa: i astringent wamanje-fudlana, ukuqamba amanga, ukuqamba amanga, kanye nabanye.
• Tijobelelo -zn, -TV / Twa -tay, -stvo / umphumela, -yn / ynya: rock, nokuzidla, sokuvuna, ukuphila, lesi sithunywa, umakhi, lesi sifungo isinyathelo, ehlasela, nabanye.
• Isijobelelo -Tel: usomabhizinisi, umshayeli, umakhi, umnqobi, umthengi, nokunye.

Ngakho, sifunde ukuthi singababona kanjani staroslavyanizmy, uyokwazi ukuqonda uma ubabona njalo. Phela, kuphela obone kanye njengoba enkulumweni yansuku zonke imbali ngokuya endulo, ngaphambi ngesizotha icashe emthunzini amazwi abavamile.