Starter Vaz-2101: Izinkinga kanye Isixazululo. Okuhle "penny" ubudala

Izinkinga ukuziqalela kungenzeka kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umkhiqizo we imoto unayo nokuthi ubudala, ayengumkhwenyana wakhe. Singathini mayelana legend kweSoviet imoto umkhakha Vaz "penny" 2101, lapho imoto zokugcina zalesi imodeli ushiye yokwakha izimoto ngo-1984. Naphezu engu wabhekwa njengonodumo, imoto bese beshayela emigwaqeni namuhla, izwe elaliyiSoviet Union, futhi abanikazi siqhubeke ukulungisa kubo emagalaji yabo. Kulesi sihloko sizoxoxa ngalokho ukuziqalela Vaz-2101, lapho ukuhluleka uvame uvuke kuye, futhi ucabangele izindlela ukubhekana nabo.

Design izici "kopeck" ukuziqalela

I "penny" lokuqala ifakwe amadivaysi nokucupha PT-221. design yabo yayihlanganisa:

• izindlu, okuyinto kanyekanye ne Windings stator excitation;
• ofeleba ezimbili ekupheleni;
• the armature (Rotor) futhi ngalendoda idrayivu;
• Retractor edluliselwe.

Eqinisweni, i-SST-221 - a classic motor ezine-pole ukuthi ibusa zamanje njalo kusukela ibhethri. Isici zale divayisi kuyinto ezininginingi nge inesikhala transverse amapuleti. Ngomqondo onabile, zonke izinjini kagesi ngesikhathi kwadingeka isakhiwo esinjalo.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, SST-221 salandelwa ukuziqalela entsha Vaz-2101 ukuguqulwa 35,3708. Yena, ngenhlanhla uyatholakala namuhla. Cishe zonke Vaz "zabuna" yaqedwa kuye. Ikhipha uhluka esasisandulele kuphela khona ezengeziwe emazombezombe retractor edluliselwe, ngalendoda longitudinal futhi stator ngcono. Zonke ezinye izakhi akukashintshi, okuyinto amandla futhi ikuvumela ukuba ushintshe kalula imodeli ephelelwe yisikhathi run kudivayisi entsha ngaphandle ukuguqulwa.

Izimpawu ukungasebenzi ukuziqalela

ukuziqalela onesici Vaz-2101 lapho uzama ukuqala injini ungahlinzekela izici ezilandelayo:

• retractor edluliselwe ayicushiwe (ungachofozi), Rotor akusho uphendukisa;
• edluliselwe usebenza, kodwa imoto ujikela kancane kakhulu;
• traction edluliselwe kwabangela ngokuphindaphindiwe, kodwa hhayi ihange uphendulela ligcina uthi lokuphotha luzungeza;
• edluliselwe usebenza, ukuziqalela iphendula, kodwa akusho ukushintshanisa ligcina uthi lokuphotha luzungeza;
• idivayisi ukusebenza ekuqaleni ephelezelwa umsindo uncharacteristic;
• ukuziqalela Vaz-2101 usebenza emihle, kodwa lapho ukhulula ukhiye ukuthungela akuyona ivaliwe.

Manje cabanga ngamunye izici ngokuningiliziwe.

I edluliselwe traction ayicushiwe, ihange akusho uphendukisa

Lezi izimpawu zingase zibonise ukuthi:

• ibhethri olungaphelele noma akhishwe ngokuphelele;
• Ngayeka ukuxhumana ku terminals isigxobo ibhethri noma ithiphu kwakwakhe omuhle phambili esibulalayo futhi ukuziqalela;
• Senzeka wesifunda interturn esifushane noma wesifunda evulekile ikhoyili (emazombezombe) we edluliselwe retractor;
• uyayibamba aqinise retractor.

I edluliselwe usebenza, kodwa imoto ujikela kancane kakhulu

Uma inkinobho injini isiqalo icushiwe, kodwa ukuziqalela akusho ukuthuthukisa isivinini kudingekile, kungase kubonise ukuthi:

• ibhethri lingashajwa;
• Namachibi ithatha indawo izikhonkwane ibhethri noma edluliselwe retractor;
• elihangukile ngalendoda ipuleti;
• ibhulashi bakhathale;
• ezinye emabhulashini omuhle uvala ku "isisindo".

I edluliselwe kwabangela ngokuphindaphindiwe, kodwa ihange akusho uphendukisa

Uma Retractor edluliselwe ukuziqalela Vaz-2101 kwabangela izikhathi eziningana ngokulandelana lapho ukhiye ivuliwe, kodwa ihange akusho ukushintshanisa ligcina uthi lokuphotha luzungeza, isizathu salokhu kungaba:

• ukuchithela sebhetri;
• voltage iconsi yesifunda ngenxa namachibi othintana;
• short circuit noma wesifunda oluvulekile eliyifa emazombezombe we edluliselwe traction.

Starter siphela, kodwa ligcina uthi lokuphotha luzungeza akusho uphendukisa

Kulokhu, kungase kube amaphutha alandelayo:

• ngobugebengu noma uhambile isigwedlo-eksisi freewheel;
• ukushelela bamba;
• eziphukile sesikhashana isiphethu;
• ukulimala iringi flanged we bamba overrunning.

kudivayisi Ukuqala usebenza, kodwa kwenza umsindo ongajwayelekile

umsebenzi ukuziqalela kuhambisana umsindo uncharacteristic lapho:

• okuxekethile misalignment zedivayisi;
• ezilimele ikhava kwi drive uhlangothi;
• ukugqoka bushings noma namajenali nithela shaft;
• ukwephulwa obandayo stator izingongolo (izigxobo uxhumane ne ihange);
• ukushayela umonakalo amazinyo noma ligcina uthi lokuphotha luzungeza.

Isikhathi ukuziqalela akuvali

Isizathu ukuthi motor ukuziqalela ngemva injini isiqalo awukhutshazwanga, kungaba:

• wenza umcimbi ingalo actuator;
• buthakathaka iziphethu traction edluliselwe noma freewheel;
• ababambelela ihange edluliselwe retractor;
• ujamu bamba splined kushaft ihange.

Ngaphambi kokuzama ukulungisa

Ukuthola ukuthi akukho esonta ukuziqalela Vaz-2101, musa ukusheshe ukuya esiteshini yesondlo noma ukukhweza idivayisi. Ukuze uqalise, qiniseka ukuthi isizathu ilapho, kunokuba e amabhethri noma wiring. Okokuqala, hlola isimo okukhipha terminals ibhethri. Uma kunjalo iminonjana namachibi, susa wire kuzo futhi kahle zihlanzwe. Ukuze uhlole amakhebuli kagesi, thatha multi-core ikhebula ingxenye futhi ulisebenzise ukuze uxhume esibulalayo elihle motor ukuziqalela ukuphela ibhethri ezifanele. Ngakho ngqo ukuxhuma inhlamvu emthombeni wamandla. Ukuze wenze lokhu, yebo, udinga lapho ukuthungela icishiwe futhi ukudluliswa. Uma ukuziqalela isebenza, futhi Vaz "penny" yakho evamile ozotholwa, imbangela kumele khonga ngaphakathi the wiring noma inkinobho ukuthungela. Kungenjalo, ukuziqalela uzodinga zisuswe ngoba uphethwe okwengeziwe futhi ukulungisa.

ukususa ukuziqalela

Ukuze ususe ukuziqalela "penny" phakamisa hood, unqamule terminals ibhethri bese ususa efudumele emoyeni ukopha hose esukela injini lemifanekiso emoyeni. Okulandelayo, nqamula isihlangu ukushisa. Self ukuziqalela wonke Vaz "zakudala 'unamathele izindlu bamba 13 by imishudo emathathu kuloluya zawo iyakunqanda ukhiye. Ngemva kwalokho, uyasikrufulula nut ikhebula ibhethri omuhle ukuba ukuphela idivayisi sokuqala. Manje ungakwazi ukukhipha ukuziqalela, ukuthuthela khona kancane phambili.

Ukulungisa traction edluliselwe

Into yokuqala uyasikrufulula nut phezu edluliselwe Retractor, okuyinto eduze motor izindlu. Susa kusukela okukhipha izikhonkwane Windings. Ngemva kwalokho, sifulathela nuts ezintathu yasibamba we edluliselwe, nqamula ke kusukela stator.

Uyasikrufulula nati ku kokubili izithende, wena kumele ngokucophelela unsolder oxhumana emibili Windings, okuyizinto on isembozo esingemuva. Ngemva kwalokho kungaba zisuswe. ahlole ngokucophelela isimo sawo wonke izakhi edluliselwe: plate entwasahlobo contact, Dimes (contact imishudo). Lesi sakamuva, ngasendleleni, ngokuvamile kakhulu emsini, ngakho-ke Kunconywa ukuhlanza lokukhuhla esihle kukhanye. Kuyadingeka ukwenza futhi plate. Uma ukuziqalela uphawu ukhombise edluliselwe, qiniseka hlola (rang) of umhloli yalo emazombezombe. Ngemva kokuqinisekisa kahle kudivayisi, kungashiwo babuthana oda reverse. Esimweni ukwehluleka kwanoma iyiphi yezingxenye zayo kudingeka ukushintshwa noma esikhundleni zonke izingxenye emhlanganweni.

Uma unomuzwa wokuthi awukwazi ukulungisa ukuziqalela edluliselwe Vaz-2101, ungavele esikhundleni salo. Ikakhulukazi ngoba kubiza ruble mayelana 500.

Disassembly, ukuhlola kanye nokulungiswa ukuziqalela

Siphendukela ukuziqalela kakhulu. Ukuqaqa ke, susa ukufakwa kokumqoka kuphela nge Phillips nelulwane ezimbili ezingemuva ikhava ngezikulufo. Ngemva kokususa ke, ngomusa ungamumbi iringi ukukhiya kanye Washer kushaft. Ngokulandelayo, isihluthulelo uyasikrufulula imishudo ezimbili 10 ukuthi sidonse ebiyelwe. Ngemva kwalokho, udinga i-screwdriver uyasikrufulula ngezikulufo ezine ukuthi uvikelekile terminals we Windings stator. Manje usungabuyisa ihange. Ngokwenza lokhu, unclip ikhava kusukela stator.

Siphendukela uphethwe. Ngemva kokuchitha wakhe, sinqume ukuthi sizokwenza: ukulungisa ukuziqalela Vaz-2101 noma esikhundleni salo. Siqala umshanelo. Basuke etholakala shayela umnikazi ikhava yangemuva. Bawasuse izihlalo zabo futhi bavote isimo sabo. Ephambi kwezinduna imifantu, chips, iminonjana short circuit ezindaweni zabo, emabhulashini kumelwe ithathelwe. Ukusebenzisa umbusi noma calipers ukuhlola kumele ukuphakama kwazo ngazinye lezinto. Akufanele kube ngaphansi kuka-12 mm. Uma okungenani omunye wabo has a bafake okukhulu kwesilinganiso esibekiwe, kubalulekile ukuba esikhundleni lonke iqoqo emabhulashini.

nokuhlola ngokucophelela zethusi lamellae (amapuleti) ngalendoda. Akumelwe ube ngokuphelele noma yimiphi iminonjana umonakalo. Kungenjalo, ushintsho kuyodingeka lonke Rotor.

Ukuhlola ubuqotho Windings stator, sidinga i-ohmmeter. It ixhunywe esibulalayo ezivamile Windings kanye nezindlu ukuziqalela. Lapho izinkomba ukumelana kudivayisi engaphansi kuka 10 ohms interturn short circuit iyatholakala.

Uma une ngakwesokunene kwakungekho ohmmeter, isivivinyo engenziwa ne ingxenye wire ukushisa namakhaza nge ipulaki ngoba isokhethi iimedo ezingakahleleki begodu ezivamile incandescent isibani 220 V voltage sisetshenziswa yonkana ke esiphethweni jikelele emhlabathini (iKhabhinethi). Lapho Windings serviceable isibani ngeke ukukhanya. Yiqiniso, lesi sivivinyo akuphephile, ngakho-ke akunconyelwe abantu abasazi izisekelo Ihluzo Elingafaki Ukuqoka.

Phawula yezingxenye ukuziqalela drive. Akumelwe ube ngokuphelele noma yimiphi iminonjana bafake noma ukulimala. idrayivu Gear edingekayo ukuze uphendukisa kalula bebheke ukujikeleza umgodi ukuziqalela. Ekugcineni, ahlole emikhonweni ihlanganisa idivayisi. Endabeni bafake ebonakalayo, yikhiphe ufake amasha.

Phezu ukuthola amaphutha abo angathi sina, ezifana Windings evulekile noma shorted, stator umonakalo bezinhlamvu, ukuze singathwesi uhlupho ukulungiselwa luzodla esiyindilinga isamba, kuba lula ukuthenga ukuziqalela entsha Vaz-2101. Intengo zedivayisi, kuye ngokuthi ukuguqulwa yayo nomkhiqizi ububanzi ruble 3000-3500. Awu, ngakho-ke akazange aphule, anamathele imithetho ukusebenza kwawo, okunikezwe wumenzi.