Izithasiselo for amafutha: ukubuyekezwa. Zonke izinhlobo izithasiselo for uwoyela motor

Noma yimuphi umshayeli self-ukuhlonipha kanye empilweni yami wacabanga mayelana Izingxube ukuthi kunezelwa amafutha ukuthuthukisa izakhiwo zalo. Ukuze uqonde ukuthi uwoyela izithasiselo, kufanele uqale uwuqonde kanjani zokugcoba ibalulekile ngoba umshini wakho.

ukugqoka physics izinjini

Ngaphandle kokukhetha, zonke izinhlelo ngamandla angaphansi ukugqoka ngenxa friction, okuyinto kuphakama ngokuhamba yonke indlela. Temperature ukwanda, futhi lokhu kuholela ekuphelelweni intambo metal izingxenye, ingxenye ukusebenza kwanoma iyiphi indlela. Ekugcineni kukhona ekubhujisweni.

Ngokuvamile, lokhu uchayeke kakhulu valve futhi pistons we yangaphakathi omlilo engine. Ukuze kuncishiswe ukuguga, ukwakhiwa uwoyela wesifunda inikezwa: irherho le-closed futhi uphawu lapho igrisi. Icindezelekile, ligijima ohlelweni, esigubuzele futhi iyapholisa zonke ukuzihlikihla futhi ezihambayo motor izindlela.

uwoyela amaminerali

Amafutha zingahlukaniswa izigaba ezimbili eziyinhloko, okuyinto avame ukusetshenziswa imoto yesimanje. Iqembu lokuqala - a zokugcoba amaminerali. Ezimweni eziningi, i amafutha okunjalo viscosity okusezingeni eliphezulu. Ochwepheshe batusa usebenzisa nabo izinjini amadala nge carburetor fuel uhlelo umjovo, kanye diesel amayunithi.

Ukusetshenziswa lolu hlobo uwoyela kubangelwa enye futhi imvamisa okusebenzela injini kushaft main. Uma umklamo kudinga ukuthi ukuhamba komsebenzi eziyisisekelo awahlobene revs okusezingeni eliphezulu, izimo lokushisa, okuyinto angaphansi kohlelo motor, sasivumela ongaphakeme. Ngenxa yalokho, i-mnandi kufanele ibe viscosity okusezingeni eliphezulu futhi ductility. Abashayeli abanolwazi bathi kufanele usebenzise okufakiwe emafutheni ukudluliswa ukuthuthukisa lezi izakhiwo.

zokwenziwa amafutha

iqembu Okwesibili - zokwenziwa amafutha, ezisetshenziswa izinjini yesimanje ngophethiloli umjovo injector. Zisetshenziswa ngesivinini izinjini, lapho izingxenye zensimbi kuvezwa lokushisa esibucayi.

Ngokombono wezazi futhi abashayeli, La maqembu amabili kokubili ngebuhle nebubi. Ukufunda nge ukusetshenziswa izimfanelo ezimbi amafutha, noma yimuphi umnikazi imoto isilinganiso uzama ngezinga elithile iwukudambisa kubo.

Izithasiselo emafutheni - okuhle noma okubi?

Kuyinto yokuthuthukisa izindawo izinto lubricating futhi kudingeka uwoyela izithasiselo. Zama ukuthola noma bafuna ngempela ngcono injini ukusebenza, noma kusadingeka nomthelela ongemuhle esimweni salo lobuchwepheshe. Ezinhlamvu ziqhutshwa ngomzuzu lapho khona nalawa Izingxube.

Ukuze uqonde okushiwo udaba, kudingeka uqonde ukuthi kukhona izithasiselo uwoyela, izinhlobo futhi inhloso yabo. Ukuze uqale, Ngithanda ukucacisa ukuthi sicabanga labo esetshenziswa abashayeli abavamile, futhi impendulo esiyihambayo okungenzeka kakhulu isithakazelo.

Umsebenzi oyinhloko zonke izinhlobo izithasiselo - akusiwona kuphela ngcono izinga lamafutha, kodwa futhi ushintsho kube ngcono izinkomba eziyisisekelo injini. Ezinye izithasiselo emafutheni (ukubuyekezwa cishe bonke bengochwepheshe uqinisekise lesi) ngempela nethonya elihle emsebenzini wakhe.

Nciphisa amafutha ukusetshenziswa

Namuhla emakethe inikeza ingxenye sasivumela enkulu izithasiselo. Izinhlobo ezivamile zazo ngiyisho omuhle ngabo bonke abasebenzisi - okufakiwe ku amafutha engine, eklanyelwe ukwehlisa ukusetshenziswa. Isikhathi esining impela, uma kwenzeka ukwehluleka bushelelezi izindandatho piston kwandisa uwoyela ukusetshenziswa. Ukuze alwe nalo mkhuba kunzima kakhulu. Njengoba ojwayelekile, nokuqedwa zokugcina zalesi sifo singakwenza kuphela izuzwe esikhundleni emasongweni nge yokwehlukanisa injini.

Kodwa ngisho umnikazi imoto imfundamakhwela uyaqonda ukuthi le nqubo kuyabiza kakhulu. Ngokombono machinists abanolwazi, indlela elula ukuqeda uwoyela kabi ukusebenzisa imali budedengu - gcwalisa ngokusebezisa. Nokho, akazange nokwandisa ibhajethi yakho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isidingo njalo baphathe ibhokisana lokugcina itiye noma ikhofi amafutha.

Lapha futhi basisize kwezithako uwoyela viscous eklanyelwe inciphise uwoyela ingxenye. Lokhu kwenzeka ngokwandisa viscosity uketshezi.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, abashayeli ziye zaphawula yokuthi ukusebenza kwe-injini ehlobo yalolu hlobo izithasiselo, oveza ngamunye amafutha isitshalo kanye izithasiselo, kungabangela ukulimala ngempela eside ngenxa emazingeni okushisa aphakeme.

Izithasiselo ukushintsha izakhiwo amafutha

Izimo zethu zihluke kakhulu inkinga engathí sina okubizwa ngokuthi "bafake 'umphumela amafutha isizinda izingxenye injini. Ngamanye amazwi, ngezinye izikhathi ketshezi Ukwakheka izinguquko ukuze yona metal izithako zabo.

Lokhu kungagwenywa uma usebenzisa uhlobo lwesibili izithasiselo: anti-ukuguga. Ngenxa yalokho, kwakhiwa uzengeze injini ifilimu zokuzivikela ekhethekile owawenzelwa ukuvikela izingxenye zensimbi kusukela ngomshikisho ngokweqile. Kunemibono eminingi engqubuzanayo mayelana nokusetshenziswa izithasiselo ezifana emafutheni. Izibuyekezo abaphikisi ukunciphisa isicelo yayo yokuthi, njengoba kwaba njalo endabeni ka-hlobo viscous, adi- ezakha okufakiwe kakhulu kuthinte yasekuqaleni uwoyela ifomula motor. Ngo ukusebenza okuqhubekayo, lokhu kuholela ekubhujisweni izici eyinhloko motor.

uwoyela namachibi

Kufanele kuqashelwe enye inkinga ephathelene nokusetshenziswa eside uwoyela motor. Ngenxa ukuvuza kungenzeka amafutha uhlelo oxidizes ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Uma ingakwenzi lokho unake ke sithola ushintsho olufanayo e ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali.

Ukuze ugweme lokhu, ochwepheshe batusa i okufakiwe emafutheni ukudluliswa, ababiziweyo namachibi. Lezi zinto zehlela kunezelwa ukuvimbela okuvela kuyo ingxube yamakhemikhali elihlobene ne izinqubo eyinhloko namachibi. Kukholakala ukuthi ukusetshenziswa izithasiselo antioxidant kakhulu isikhathi impilo uwoyela motor.

Kodwa, ngokubona abashayeli, umphumela ukusetshenziswa Izingxube ezinjalo kukhawulwe: "ukusula unembeza wami," njengoba besho. namafutha akho, ngisho nge wear eqinile zobuchwepheshe uhlala elikhanyayo. Mhlawumbe yingakho abanye abanikazi imoto ngaphambi kokudayiswa imoto ungeze enjalo izithasiselo kwinjini, kakhulu ukonga on uwoyela ushintsho.

yokuwasha okufakiwe

ukugeza yokuwasha noma ingxube (e ezibanzi isitshalo amafutha ukhiqiza Novokuibyshev kanye izithasiselo) kuyinto uhlobo wandile kwezithako emafutheni kuthiwa. injongo yabo eyinhloko - ukuvimbela ezifakwa eziyingozi amanyela ezingxenyeni injini ukuthi babhekana ahlaselwe kabi ubhadane lwesifo imiphumela ezishisayo (isb, ezifana inkatho isilinda). Ngokusho kochwepheshe, lezi izithasiselo nethonya elihle Laphezu yangaphakathi yenjini, abavikele ukungcola kanye enamathela okhipha inhlaka.

Lezi ukungcola asetshenziswa ngempumelelo ezimotweni nge mileage ephezulu (ngenxa izakhiwo ezibalwe ngenhla). Kodwa ochwepheshe ukugcizelela ukuthi izakhiwo ukukhalima, njengoba umthetho, lezi izithasiselo akudingeki. Futhi musa uzengeze amayunithi ezintsha.

izithasiselo abahlakazekile bengaba

Ukusetshenziswa ukungcola ahlukahlukene ngezinye izikhathi ezakhiwe-imikhiqizo ngesimo inhlaka okuqinile nokungcola. Kwathi gidi lapho nokususwa ezikhona anti-friction izithasiselo abahlakazekile amafutha abo.

Ukusetshenziswa izithasiselo ezifana efiselekayo kuphela ubudala amandla amayunithi. Adle injini. Ikakhulukazi yilesi avaliwe metal evele ngokufanele ngaphakathi. Kodwa ngenxa yokufana izakhiwo eziyisisekelo umthelela kusuka anti-Izingxube izithasiselo ezifana asetshenziswa kakhulu kuyaqabukela.

Izithasiselo in amafutha amaminerali

Uma zonke izinhlobo izithasiselo for uwoyela motor, engenhla, kukhona jikelele, lokhu okulandelayo kuhloswe kuphela motor zokugcoba esekelwe uwoyela amaminerali. Kuyinto izithasiselo emelana nokubanda enhlanzini yasezindaweni eklanyelwe silondoloze fluidity amafutha amaminerali at kwezimo lokushisa ongaphakeme (kusuka -15 ° C kuya -45 ° C). Pretty nomsebenzi omkhulu wokwakha emakethe namafutha kusendaweni Izingxube EP izithasiselo: zinikeza umsebenzi ngaphansi ezisindayo umthwalo indlela. Umgomo we operation ukunciphisa torque friction of evele injini metal ngokwandisa izakhiwo ngokuhambisa we igrisi.

Lolu hlobo okufakiwe kabanzi abashayeli ngesikhathi presales. Abanye abantu bakholelwa ukuthi imoto ukuboniswa ukucindezeleka abukhali futhi eside namafutha kuveza umbono omuhle ikhasimende. Fiction noma cha, umlando alisho, kodwa ukusetshenziswa izithasiselo anjalo esikhathini injini ephezulu revving - i obungenakuphikwa Eqinisweni, okuyinto akudingi ubufakazi.

defoamers Domes

Asinakuwushalazela kungolunye uhlobo Domes oveza Novokuibyshevsk Amafutha kanye izithasiselo Plant. Lokhu defoamers. Basitshela ukuthi ngesimo yokuhlanza, futhi asetshenziselwa ayisuse imiphumela engasi mihle ukusetshenziswa compounds eyingozi kakhulu. Jwayelekile yokuwasha okufakiwe, ngaphezu kungenzeka izinguquko kwamakhemikhali Ukwakheka uwoyela futhi enza izinto amafutha cishe njengoba amanzi nensipho, isb kungenzeka yesivini. Ngokombono umakhenikha imoto, igwebu inhibitor kumele kusetshenziswe kuphela ukuthola okubonakalayo izinguquko ukwakheka uwoyela.

Umbuzo ukusetshenziswa izithasiselo namafutha yonke umshayeli kumele anqume uqobo, ngoba ukusetshenziswa muhle ngokulinganayo nokubi for ukusebenza umshini wakho.