State egicna imvelo Zeya, lase-Amur Region

umhlaba Russian idume ubuhle bemvelo. Ukuze bazivikele kususwe ithonya elibi indoda, emakhoneni evikelwe zidalwe ezingeni wombuso. Enye yalezi zindawo uwudondolo Zeya Reserve ngubani ukulondoloza imvelo cishe njengoba yayinjalo.

Indawo kanye nesimo sendawo

Ngakho, uphi Zeya Reserve? insimu yalo kungokwalabo Far Eastern Federal District, futhi uhlala eduze komngcele waseRussia nge China. Lwekuphatfwa ngalokuyimphumelelo ukubizwa ngokuthi Amur Region.

Esiqiwini ithatha ingxenye esempumalanga yalesi bulala nge oluyimfihlakalo igama Tukuringa lapho ngesimo sendawo enezintaba yanqamula ewumngcingo emfuleni esigodini Zeya, behlonipha futhi into okuthiwa kabani. Budebuduze edolobheni Zeya, has enomlando wasendulo.

Ezindaweni ezabelwe - nje phezu ayizinkulungwane 82 amahektha. Ukuma kwendawo yendlela wayo libhekene emithambekeni emaweni (degrees kufika ku-70) futhi watersheds flat ukuthi linqobe ezinzulwini emfuleni nezigodi eziseningizimu amamitha 400-600. ezinamatshe eziphansi emifuleni libhekene ukujula okukhulu, ngokuchichima imibundu uhlanganyela imilomo nezimpophoma.

Umlando kokudaliweyo esiqiwini

Zeya Reserve yasungulwa ngo-isinyathelo we sokuma oluvelele Soviet Alexander Stepanovich Khomentovskii. Ngokuvamile, ukusungulwa wayesekhona eko kwekhulu elidlule, kodwa umsebenzi uye waqhubekela phambili kuphela sixties. Ukuzalwa Year Reserve waqala 1963rd.

Inhloso Its main lokuvikeleka kwezifiso ezisemqoka ezingumphumela Abadali ufake inkomba indawo ezinkangala bese cwaningo yayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ososayensi Ulapha ukuqapha umthelela Zeya kwesigubhu ku izinhlelo zemvelo.

Umsebenzi eyenziwa esiqiwini yaara, bamahlathi abasizi babo, kukhona ngezinyawo, ngamahhashi, ngesikebhe noma izikebhe ahlole njalo insimu abaziphathisiwe bese ugcine oda.

izici zezulu

Isimo sokukhululeka ngokwenkolo esiqiwini sinokuhlasela abandayo. Isilinganiso lokushisa yonyaka - degrees ezine kuya kweziyisithupha. Ebusika izinga lokushisa lehla kuya degree amathathu ngaphansi kwezingaqhwa, futhi ehlobo kuyaqabukela kunqoba vosemnatsati.

Winter kucacile, ezomile malovetrenaya. Isithwathwa uwela kancane, kodwa ngoba lokushisa ongaphakeme kugcinwa uzinze, akusho ancibilike futhi kulo lonke ebusika, kusukela ngo-October kuya ku-April. Ukuphakama iqhwa ethubeleza emathafeni, nasemathafeni izindawo ifinyelela ngamasentimitha amabili, kodwa eduze ezulwini, iqhwa ngaphezulu. Nge zonke ikhilomitha ikhava ukuphakama luyanda amathathu ngamasentimitha.

Spring ezabelweni agqamise umoya, kodwa imvula uwela phansi kakhulu. izinga lokushisa kugcinwa ngokwanele cool. Summer Zeya Reserve bayamangala izivakashi yayo nge mkhuba yesiteleka - e sifinyelela engenhla imifula ngezikebhe ngemuva kwesheri ice unmelted. Ngokuvamile, ehlobo ezingxenyeni amaningi ala masimu elinesimo sezulu esifudumele futhi unomswakama. Ekwindla esomile kunomoya. Kwezulu okungenani uwela ngo-Okthoba.

Nenhlabathi esiqiwini

Ikhava Inhlabathi esiqiwini akakwazi ngokuthi evundile. Engxenyeni esempumalanga yaleli ugema asemingceleni zone of Iqhwa, futhi lokhu kunomthelela inhlabathi. Isendlalelo eqandisiwe amanzi, ekugcineni ukumboza lwentaba is overdried futhi omahhadla. A ayimigodi inhlabathi kanye emikhombeni, kunalokho, phezu-ayegcwele umswakama, okuyilona elisebenzayo futhi ungakuvumeli ukuba okuzala.

amadamu

Yonke imifula okuwela Insimu reserve ezihlobana somfula emfuleni Zeya, okuyinto Zeya kwesigubhu eyakhelwe.

Ngaphambi kokudala umuntu enziwe ulwandle emfuleni kwahluka uhlamvu nesiphikayo. Movement ku kwaba nzima ngenxa omkhulu ukugeleza rate futhi inani elikhulu Shoals kanye Rapids. Ngezingozi zokuhamba phezu komfula ukhombise amagama yezingxenye zayo: Large and Small Amazimu, kaDeveli umshini, njll

Uma ehlobo Zeya udla izindwani, nemizana eseduze bazithole bebhekene amanzi. Through the ukwakhiwa kwamadamu okugcina amanzi indoda ephethwe ukuze zilawule le nesiphikayo. Namuhla Zeya kuyinto imikhumbi futhi kuletha okuningi okuwusizo kunanini ngaphambili.

Le ndawo Imininingwane ngaphansi imizimba yamanzi wokugodlwa 770 amahektha. Ngokuyisisekelo emfuleni. Kukhona futhi ayinawo amaxhaphozi.

izwe yemifino

Vegetable reserve zone siyintaba-emathafeni, eziyinkimbinkimbi Boreal. Engxenyeni engezansi ugema kuyinto larch eliqhakazile isembozo rosemary; nje ngenhla amahlathi coniferous nge ezingavamile mountain ash, birch kanye mammoth idwala (phansi lapha embozwe moss green); futhi uchonywe i odongeni esingangeneki ikhula ezinwabuzelayo yemisedari.

Labo kwemithambeka ugema, okuyinto abhekiswe kwesigubhu, libhekene flora Manchurian. Plateaulike watersheds abampofu bok izimila - bayindlu izindawo emathafeni ukuthi embozwe izihlahla kanye namakhambi.

Reserve Zeya amahlozi eyaziwa Ajan sonwele okuyinto unikina lingakanani. Izihlahla ukufinyelela amamitha amathathu ukuphakama futhi imitha girth. Bahlala iminyaka emine. Ezinye zezindawo lapho sikaphayini ngaphambilini ngomlilo, manje igcwele larch Gmelin.

Meadow izimila kancane inqolobane, kanye liphinde ngokuvamile umphumela umlilo, uma esikhundleni emahlozini ashisiwe Ajan sonwele mhlanga avele nsomi ngokubomvu Sugawara.

Ugema kusengathiwa Tukuringra umbuso samanje isikhunta. Lapha base bekhulelwe kakade 158 zilwane. Ezinye zazo ukubola izingodo ezibolile. Kusukela izinhlobo ezidliwayo atholakala kanje: mushroom ezimhlophe, boletus abavamile, boletus obomvu, greasers, futhi larch ophuzi agaric Okuyınqo, liqhakaze, Lactarius pubescens.

Ulele atholakala 155 zinhlobo, futhi wathola uhlobo amabili omunye bryophytes. 637 zezitshalo semithambo zingatholakala esiqiwini.

Nezihlahla ubuswa rosemary zasendle, rhododendron Dahurian, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, uRosa acicularis, Spiraea isilinganiso kanye emazombezombe. Izindawo namahlathi elina sonwele amahlathi kukhona sedge ahlukahlukene, Lyubarskii Aconite, Shamrock, Pedicularis Labrador, Volzhanka Asian, Maianthemum bifolium, Wintergreen, Fern. I ezomile amahlathi feather ezikhulayo, Buttercup Japanese, lase-Amur uhlobo lwembali enephunga elimnandi, violet palmate, nezinhlobo eziningana geranium, goutweed entabeni, Aster Tatar, Kozelec akhishwa imisebe yalo.

Zeya Reserve: izilwane nezinyoni

Ngaphambi ekudalweni kwendoda nowesifazane Zeya kwesigubhu ukuhlukahluka kwezinhlobo zezinhlanzi sifinyelela aphansi kanye engenhla emfuleni awafani. Ngemva kokuncishiswa lomfula Zeya amasheya Trout, Grayling, whitefish, chub unqabile ngokushesha. Nokho, inani lenyuka of gudgeon, dace, rotan futhi minnow.

indawo Reserve sika ukhonza njengelungu kokuma zinhlobo eziningi zezilwane. Ngokusho ezinkangala kusukela enyakatho kuya eningizimu wathutha nezilwane ezihlukahlukene Eastern eSiberia. A izigodi emfuleni, labona nemithambeka, idlule ayizinkulungwane abantu Amur izilwane, kulandela, kunalokho, enyakatho.

Zeya Reserve idume enezimpiko, okungukuthi inkukhu, okuyinto ethulwa lapha kangcono ngaphezu kwanoma iyiphi enye Ekude. Phakathi kwezinhlobo eziningi kakhulu - hazel grouse capercaillie, ptarmigan nezimfunda, sonwele grouse njll

Kodwa izilwane nezinselo ezivulekile, esigqoke akuyona kakhulu. It kungenziwa ngokuthi i-moose, Roe izinyamazane, izinyamazane obomvu kanye must izinyamazane, ngisho ngezinye izikhathi eza izingulube.

Phakathi esiqiwini kukhona Sable kwandile, Ermine namanye amalungu uchakide. Ngezinye izikhathi kuziwa uhlangabezana lynx. Ogwini emifuleni entabeni ngemikhaya 3-5 abantu baphile nezimpisi. Kuzo zonke amabhande altitudinal ezivamile Ibhere elinsundu. Ngokuvamile, izwe isilwane emithambekeni ugema Tukuringra luyingxenye ehlathini.

Ukuvikelwa zezinyoni ezingavamile

Umsebenzi esiqiwini ihlose Ubuningi bamahora ukulondoloza kwezinhlobo zezinyoni ezingavamile izilwane nokuxuba izitshalo ezithile, okuyinto ziningi.

Uma sikhuluma izitshalo, ku Russian Federation Red Incwadi afakiwe, ezifana slipper ntokazi (yangempela futhi macranthon) epipogium ezingenamaqabunga, Paeonia obovata, onion calypso, njll

Phakathi izinyoni ezingajwayelekile sonwele grouse kakade ngenhla, kanye nedada encane, iBaikal Teal, Mandarin duck, isikhova, ukhozi, abamnyama nonogolantethe nabanye.

Esincelisayo ezingavamile ungakwazi ukuhlukanisa nomzingeli, okuyinto elidumile lase-Amur Region naseMpumalanga Ekude bebonke. Lena ihlosi laseSiberia. Esinye isilwane esisengozini yokuqothulwa, ukuvikela lapha - Solongo.

ezokuvakasha

Asinakusho ukuthi Zeya Reserve touristy. Noma kunjalo, kungcono endaweni evikelwe, futhi siphakathi kwabantu okumelwe abe nomkhawulo lapha. Kodwa kulabo ababengabafo abangamaqhawe, lucky ngokwanele ukuze ufike lapha, Ukuvakashela esiqiwini kuzoletha kumnandi.

Ukunakwa abahambi bafanelwe Museum nemvelo, labavulekela ngo-1991. Ungaphinda uhlele a izintaba usuku noma amanzi indawo uhambo Ukuvakashela Char.

Goltz ngokuthi ingxenye phakathi ububanzi Tukuringra, uvikelekile ngu emahlathini asezintabeni emathafeni futhi umsedari Elfin. Kusuka kulelizinga egqumeni wavula ukubukwa omangalisayo Zeya kwesigubhu, esigodini olunothile futhi The backbone. Ngo sezulu ecacile, isimo sezwe ebonakalayo ngokuphelele at ibanga amakhilomitha 150.

Ehlanzekile emoyeni entabeni, amahlathi acwebile, ithuba lokuphinde ngihlangane nabanye endleleni yakho isilwane sasendle, kanye inhlolovo panorama imilingo ukwenza Zeya Reserve ekhangayo ngoba isivakashi ngubani ifuna imizwelo enamandla futhi uyakulangazelela ubumnandi yobuhle.