Tarquin le Proud: imisuka nezithombe

Lucius Tarquinius Superbus wayeyiNkosi lwesikhombisa nezokugcina laseRoma lasendulo. Ukubusa kwakhe kweminyaka wawuqala 534 ngeminyaka engu-509 BC. Ukuphela nokubusa Tarquin ukubeka kwavukelwa ethandwa ezaholela ekusungulweni republic. Imithombo, ukulanda izenzakalo wangaleyo nkathi, amaqiniso atholakala zithandelana-legends. Tarquinius Superbus ubhekwa indodana inkosi yesihlanu waseRoma Tarquinius uPriska. Wathola esihlalweni sobukhosi lokubulala eyandulela wakhe. Ukubusa Lucius Tarquinius echazwe njengo ngobushiqela, kwaba isizathu ukuqedwa yokubusa kwamakhosi.

uzungu olunegazi

Ngemva kokufa Tarquinius uPriska liqala ukubusa, umyeni womunye amadodakazi akhe, Servius Tullius. Ukuze uvimbele yesimangalo yesihlalo sobukhosi yi indodana yenkosi langaphambilini, wazama ukuba naye. Servius Tullius wanika uRaheli indodakazi yakhe endala washada indlalifa yesihlalo sobukhosi sika-noLukiyu, Jr. - umfowabo Arun. Nokho, lo mzamo ukudala igazi izibopho kuye kwaholela edabukisayo. indodakazi Sokuvelela futhi ohahela isikhundla abasebasha okuthiwa Tullia nomuzwa wokuthi Arun kuyinto omanqikanqika kakhulu futhi uzoqala emzabalazweni esizayo ngemva kukayise. Phakathi wakhe noLukiyu uzungu. Babulala abantu abashade nabo futhi washada nomunye edelela intando yenkosi.

Rise ukuze amandla

Tullius, unganelisekile neqiniso lokuthi uyise ebusa isikhathi eside kakhulu wathonyelwa Lucius abhujiswe kanye ukuthatha amandla. Patricians futhi senators ayemelene kwenkosi esihlalweni sobukhosi. Ukuze acele ukusekela aristocrats, Lucius alunikeza izipho ezibizayo futhi ngenza ukugxekwa nemigomo Servius Tullius. Ilinde esifanele, wafika isakhiwo iSigele neqembu abasekeli ahlomile, esehlezi esihlalweni sakhe sobukhosi futhi wabeka inkulumo. Lucius wawuthi Servius Tullius ithatha ngokungemthetho sobukhosi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, embeka icala kuyisezala ka yakhe bengayidebeseleli izimfuno zesigaba engenhla umphakathi. Lapho Servius Tullius wafika iSigele ngenhloso sokuxosha nomkhohlisi, Lucius yawa nge ezitebhisini itshe. Emgwaqweni watshaya inkosi Tarquinius abasekeli. Tullia baphuthuma Senate ngowokuqala ahloniphe umyeni wakhe ngokuthi inkosi futhi endleleni wathutha inqola isidumbu sakhe ka Servius Tullius. Umgwaqo lapho kukhona ubugebengu, wabizwa ngokuthi "uyisigebengu".

ibhodi

Tarquinius Superbus yaqala ukubusa kwakhe nge ukwehluleka ngendlela enesizotha yokungcwaba Servius Tullius. Khona-ke, le nkosi entsha eyalele ukuba kubulawe eziningi senators, ayivusa esolwa qotho eyandulela wakhe. Ngokuphambene isiko, Tarquin wedwa abeke isigwebo sokufa, ngaphandle ebhekisela abeluleki. Lokhu kuye kwaholela ukwesaba yonke. Akekho owaba nesibindi ukuphikisa enkosini.

Tarquinius Superbus, hhayi kuphela inciphise inani iSigele ngu yokucindezelwa nokubulawa, kodwa uyekile abize ukuxoxa izindaba zomphakathi. Akhohlisa ngayo patricians hhayi wasigcwalisa isithembiso sakhe ukubuyela kubo amalungelo bathathwa Servius Tullius. I plebeians futhi wazizwa babekezelela iBhodi senkosi entsha. Yena intela kubo imuphi usayizi futhi ubuyisele ukudayiswa ebugqilini isikweleti. Lucius Tarquinius uzungezwe lictors (onogada, ukwenza imisebenzi bezahlulelo, uma kunesidingo). izinhloli eziningi wayisola ukumkani wama-ephikisana abantu bakhe. Okusolakala kungathembeki babulawa noma axoshwe, impahla yabo nezimpahla. UPatricia, owayenguprofesa ekuqaleni wancika ukubuya amalungelo abo kancane kancane ngaqaphela ukuthi le Tarquin le Proud. ERoma lasendulo, wabusa like engumashiqela ngesiGreki, ubambe ngamandla esebenzisa onogada lamabutho abaqotho.

inqubomgomo angaphandle

Tarquinius Superbus usebenzisa izindlela despotic, kodwa amandla isimo phakathi nokubusa kwayo safinyelela engakaze ibonwe eziphakeme. Sekube nezigameko eziningi nokuqinisa amandla eRoma phezu kwemizi Latin ngokubhubhisa kudivayisi zihlubuki abese imishado zezombusazwe. Tarquin wanika uRaheli indodakazi yakhe abe ngumkakhe komunye kulaba babusi abanamandla kule ndawo. Nge isihlobo entsha inkosi athonya Latins ukuqaphela igunya waseRoma.

Tarquin usethathe umkhankaso wokulwa ezweni inkululeko Volscians. Wakwazi anqobe eminye yemizi yabo. On insimu matasa yenkosi Tarquinius Superbus eyasungulwa amakoloni ezimbili: Signe futhi Circe. Le mpi, kwasho ukuqala udweshu phakathi kwabantu we Volscians neRoma, eyathatha cishe emakhulwini amabili eminyaka.

ukwakhiwa

Ingxenye ebalulekile biography of Tarquinius Superbus kuyinto umnikelo alo amakhulu ekuphuculeni Lomuzi Waphakade. Wafuna ukwenza eRoma capital njengabakufanelekelayo umbuso wakhe, khona akazisolanga kusho. Lucius Tarquinius alethwe ngaphambi kokuphela ukwakhiwa Nethempeli Jupiter, kuqalile uyise ngaphezulu. Wakha ngesimiso sokukhucululwa kwendle, ehlanganisa inethiwekhi namadreni ngomshoshaphansi. Nokho, naphezu production amakhulu empi, imali ekwenziweni kwamaphrojekthi emikhulu akwanele. Inkosi zaphoqa plebeians ukusebenza ukwakhiwa noma ngokwenqaba ukukhokha izintela ekhethekile ngezimali.

Umlando Lucretia

Ngo 509 BC Tarquinius Superbus ihlelwe nomkhankaso wempi ngokumelene abantu Rutul. Ayefisa ukuba liyobamba emazweni awo ocebile futhi ngenxa ke ubuyise igadle kwezwakala nasezimalini yayo. Roma kuhlulekile ukuthatha inhlokodolobha ezikhukhula Rutul Ardeyu. Inkosi yanquma ukuba liyovimbezela edolobheni futhi kwenze kube thela abavikeli. Nokho Rutuls ngenkani engazimisele ukuphonsa ithawula, futhi le ngxabano esalibele.

Ngokusho yetinsita phakathi nalo mkhankaso nolaka enye yamadodana ka Tarquinius okuthiwa USextus, washiya ikamu kwebutho laseRoma, wafika endlini ka nomzala wakhe, futhi umkakhe wadlwengula Lucretia, okuyinto yayaziwa ubuhle bayo ezehlukile. Wayengafuni ehlazweni futhi bazibulala. Izihlobo usethembise phezu isidumbu Lucretia ngixosha inkosi nomkhaya wayo eRoma.

kokugumbuqelwa

Ukusetshenziswa kabi kwamandla, ukukhishwa senators nezintela umthwalo emenza ukunganeliseki wokubusa Tarquinius phakathi kwazo zonke amakilasi emphakathini. Futhi patricians futhi plebeians benamandla ethukuthele, lapho izihlobo Lucretia alethwe umzimba wakhe eRoma futhi kutjelwa ubugebengu obenziwa indodana yenkosi USextus. Kwakuthinta ibizwe sikazwelonke, elase yanquma ukuphuca Tarquinius uhulumeni saxosha kuye. Unkosikazi yenkosi Tullius esegijima washiya umuzi ebalekela ulaka yomphakathi. Izakhamuzi eRoma sinqume ukusungula uhlobo republic kahulumeni kanye ukukhetha abameleli ababili, obani abayohlanganyela ekumemezeleni ukuthi amandla.

Exile kanye nokufa

Lapho ufunda lokhu kubhikisha, amabutho kwesokunxele ekamu Tarquinius avimbezela Ardeyu. Inkosi wazama ukubuyela eRoma, kodwa abantu abazange bazivumele zikamashiqela wagudluzwa emzini. Waphoqwa ukuba niye ekudingisweni obuseduze namadodana akhe. Linani selilonkhe lebantfu labange Tarquinius Superbus abuse eRoma iminyaka engu-26. Ngemva kokugumbuqelwa yakhe yokubusa kwamakhosi uyekwa kanye nezwe iba i-republic, eyathatha emakhulwini ambalwa eminyaka. Inkosi yangaphambili wafela ekudingisweni e emzini waseGrisi Cumae.