Truck Zil-431412. Zil: amabhasi namaloli

ungaphawula esilinganayo njengoba ukuthuthukiswa yimpumelelo namafektri akuphumelelanga esikhulu emlandweni ezifuywayo imoto umkhakha, hhayi njalo. Kodwa noma kunjalo Plant. Likhachev - Zil eMoscow - uyokuma ngaphandle. Zonke onobuhle yakhe abaye ekukhiqizeni, njalo abe yimpumelelo.

Yini izinhlangano ezivela Ukhulumé Zil? Ngokuvamile, lokhu iloli bonneted nge round izibani, okuyinto ngisho ekhulwini lama-21 ubizwa ngokuthi Zil-130. Kodwa selokhu kwakhululwa zokugcina off the line inhlangano yabantwana bakwa-130th kwathatha iminyaka eminingi. It salandelwa 431410 Zil njengoba iloli flatbed. Futhi 431412 Zil - njengendlela chassis obandayo ezihlukahlukene ezinye izitayela umzimba. Kuyinto ngalezi onobuhle ababili futhi asethule siwubheke kafushane.

ukubukeka

Kuze kube manje, kukhona igama kungenxa yokuthi amaphesenti angaphezu kwesigamu leminyaka ubufakazi bokuba khona kwalesi brand sesimanje zilovtsami kwenziwe kuphela kusuka ngaphakathi. Ukubukeka ishintshile kancane noma okungakhulunywa nhlobo konke kwashintsha. Ngokwesibonelo, esithombeni ngenhla kubonisa Zil 431410 - samuntu flatbed, futhi ngezansi nje lezi imigqa - iloli crane (njengoba kulotshiwe incazelo) wenza ngesisekelo okufanayo zila chassis.

Umehluko we imishini emibili kuphela ingxenye yomzimba. Ngaphambi ayiguquki - hood, izibani round. Imishini esetshenziswa ezibalulekile emphakathini, ezifana ukuthambisa nokugeza ongakhetha manje futhi wasebenzisa inguqulo ye 431412. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, emigwaqweni ungakwazi ukuhlangabezana ubudala Zil-130, nakuba kusukela kwathatha entsha imoto isitshalo iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-30 Sekudlule ngo-1984.

indaba

Usuku lokuzalwa iloli 130th ubhekwa 1964, lapho kuqala ethuthukisiwe Zil-130 bahamba le yokwakha izimoto eziningi. Kuze 1984, wayengumuntu imodeli eyinhloko simila. Ngo-1984 wakhulula izinguqulo ezimbili entsha hood ubudala, kodwa ukugcwaliswa entsha. Eyokuqala kufika ku-ibhodi, futhi njengoba igatsha side - ngaphandle umzimba iloli (chassis). Isimemo sokuqala 431410 Zil, futhi umsebenzi wesibili waphoqeleka ukucubungula ukugcwaliswa sesamukelwe, futhi ngenxa yalokho i-Zil chassis kwaba 431412, hhayi nje omunye yokuthuthukisa on-ebhodini imoto.

Kodwa bambalwa abantu uzokhumbula Okunye Zil, singazalwa ngasikhathi simila emhlabeni ngesikhathi esifanayo. Wathola cabover ukucushwa - baqunga isibindi ngaleso sikhathi, futhi ngo-1977 lonke ukuthuthukiswa kwalesi imodeli idluliswa e Chelny, kamuva wathola igama KamAZ, futhi Muscovites wabuya ekukhiqizeni Zil-130, okuyinto ezikhiqizwa kuze 1984.

izinyathelo inhlangano

Into ezithakazelisayo wukuthi egatsheni ohlangothini, kanye version eyisisekelo, nakuba uthole Igumbi kusukela embonini eMoscow, cishe kwakungasebenzeki uya. Ngaleyo minyaka, ke ukuthi isimiso ukuthuthukiswa impahla eyengeziwe kwezinye izitshalo, ngakho 431412 Zil kwesokunxele ifektri ngokushesha njengoba design sivunyiwe. Okuningi ngokunembile, thina basazohlupheka ngaphambili futhi uzimele ehhovisi elikhulu, kodwa emakethe izinguqulo ezinjalo atholiwe futhi ithunyelwe ngokuqondile e-nezinye izitshalo, lapho wathola imishini eyengeziwe.

Inketho yokuqala usebenzisa kuqala imizuzu 130 futhi ke inguqulo ethuthukisiwe kungenziwa ngokuthi SC-2215, okuyinto ziqala kahle - iloli crane. Khona-ke, lapho umuntu eba a Cranes ezivamile nangenkomba (esisetshenziselwa namuhla), wathola igama KBA-2215. Le ncwadi "B" lisho ukuthi "umbhoshongo". Kwabe sekufika amanye ukulungiswa, kanti ezingaphezu kuka 10 iminyaka usebenzisa chassis esisha saba iqoqo elikhulu.

design

Ngokungafani isihumusho imodeli entsha has a gearbox 5-ngesivinini, nazo zonke (ngaphandle wokuqala) amagiya livumelanisiwe futhi motor futhi ukuthuthukiswa Zilovskoye. Ngamnika 150 hp injini futhi abhanqiwe nge ibhokisi lalo wanikeza ukusebenza kuhle kakhulu isikhathi. Imodeli ubudala isidlulile olulodwa disc bamba nge ingcindezi iziphethu azungeze ezimbili ekamelweni kanye carburetor. Ungase futhi uqaphele lemifanekiso emoyeni nge double emoyeni yokuhlanza.

Imoto ibe okusezingeni eliphezulu permeability sibonga design isondo elilodwa kanye umfutho womoya uhlelo lokulawula e amathayi etholwe ke kakade okwandile.

Iminyaka engu-10, ukusetshenziswa imoto ngokuphindiwe athuthukiswe ngo ezihlukahlukene izidingo imishini ezengeziwe, futhi izici yokugcina Zil-431412 ukuthola okulandelayo:

• Motor - Zil-508.10 (150 hp);
• 5MKPP;
• umthwalo 6800 kg (kamuva ngenxa Uhlaka kwagcizelela 10000);
• ngesivinini esiphezulu - 90 km / h;
• ukusetshenziswa - 26 l;
• Okokhelekayo - Au-76;
• Tank - 170 l;
• amandla ayo;
• Three ukubopha izinhlelo ukuxhuma Izitimela zahamba omunye.

ukusebenza Jwayelekile ibeke 26 amalitha emelana nokubanda enhlanzini yasezindaweni (e Ukupholisa izinhlelo), 9 amalitha kawoyela M6 noma M8 (ngoba injini) nebhethri 6ST-90. isisindo Ubude Zil-431412 wawakhiwa 12,000 kg, kodwa kwakuxhomeke esetshenziswa hardware eyengeziwe.

Isicelo kanye imodeli ngesisekelo

Ngaphandle Truck kakade kuchazwe chassis ethuthukisiwe futhi eqoqwe KS-2561 (crane mobile) kanye nezinye izinto zokusebenza isetshenziselwe izinjongo Umbuso indawo. Ngokwesibonelo, izinkundla zasemoyeni, ukuchelela imishini, Sprayers.

Ks2561K kabanzi ongaphakeme-liphumele izakhiwo ngenxa alula, ukuthembeka nesivinini ukufakwa. Elungiselelweni eziyisisekelo, boom crane kuyinto 8 m (extendable-12 m ngumuntu faka ezikhethekile). Crane ukushayela kusukela injini imoto ngokusebenzisa ukudluliswa. Umcibisholo wezimpahla ujikelezisa indlela babe siqu unyathela amabhuleki ohlelweni lwabo. Ngaphandle kokutshala 8 (noma 12) kwamamitha umthwalo kungenziwa sehliselwe endaweni 5 amamitha ukujula noma ukuhamba naye hook.

Kufakiwe ku chassis Zil-431412 ithangi flushers ayengasetshenziswa izimoto (alondoloze nemithombo yamanzi) kokuthutha imikhiqizo (ubisi noma amanzi). Kabanzi tank izimoto zokuhamba uphethiloli (uphethiloli kanye iziteshi ukugcwaliswa mobile).

Omunye izixazululo ngesisekelo lesi imodeli kwaba yesikhulumi zasemoyeni yakhelwe ngiqhube umsebenzi ezingeni ukuphakama ethile. Sahlela uhlobo ukwakhiwa iloli crane izingxenye ezimbili, kodwa kunalokho wasebenzisa boom design wokubacindezela nge obandayo imbeleko. Bephakamisa ingxenye laliyizingxenye ezimbili, futhi akwazi ukuvusa kubhasikidi kumuntu ukuphakama 22 m. Isisindo imbeleko futhi ivolumu yabalelwa ukuze asebenze abantu ababili, ngaphandle kwaphazamiseka nomunye. Ukuze axube ephakamisa isakhiwo ngesikhathi zokuthutha ngomgwaqo phezu kophahla cab ukufaka amayunithi ekhethekile ziyefana for esiku crane jib okunamathiselwe. Njengomhlaba crane kusuka ezisekelweni zasemoyeni ukuthuthukisa ukuzinza Kuye kwanikezwa ithuba abonise ezengeziwe izisekelo wokubacindezela.

isiphetho

Ukuthuthukiswa 130 Zil kuhilelani uhlu zokuguqulwa kungenzeka kokubili umshini nezingxenye ezengeziwe. Amadivayisi amaningi zenzelwe ngesisekelo the 130th, ukuphumelela saqhubeka ukusetshenziswa ku-chassis imodeli entsha - 431412 Zil.