Ubani bekhunjulwa ngoSuku izisulu repressions zezombusazwe

WuSuku Lokukhunjulwa Kwezisulu Ezacindezelwa Umbuso yasungulwa ngenxa usuku sad ngo-1991, ngaphambi nje kokuba kokuwa kweSoviet Union njengoba isimo enobunye.

Okthoba 30 kwakuyilona suku bakhumbule konke labo yaphela izinsuku lakhe ukungena Kolyma, nokudubula zewayini we NKVD, GPU, le Cheka, MGB kanye nezinye izikhungo ingajezisa ayekhonza umbuso zamaKhomanisi.

Kungani 1937?

Ingxenye iqiniso ngalokho okwenzeka axoxe neziboshwa lapho efikile ku-athikili 58th, izakhamuzi zaseSoviet wafunda ngo-1956 ngemva bazijwayeze zezingubo XX Congress. Inhloso zangabaza lesisekelo we sezenhlalo kweluhlelo lwahulumende ngalokuyimphumelelo ngesikhathi uNobhala lokuqala CPSU, NS Khrushchev wayengekho, wayekholelwa kwesiphetho ukunqoba wobukhomanisi. umzamo ngokugqamile ukukholisa abasebenzi umbono mayelana nesimo okungahleliwe kwezinhlekelele ezigidi kwenziwa.

Kukhunjulwa izisulu zenhlekelele yokucindezelwa zezombusazwe siye sanikela iziqephu eziningana isici amafilimu, avame zonke yaphela ucishe ngempumelelo, kodwa ingqondo lizimelele inombolo "1937" njengesifanekiselo yokweqa umthetho futhi nangobudlova. Kungani kufanele ukhethe kulo nyaka? Ngoba inani izinkathi waboshwa futhi wabulawa esikhathini esedlule, futhi okwalandela wayengekho ezincane, futhi ngezinye izikhathi elikhulu.

Isizathu sisobala. Ngo-1937, ubuholi Communist Party (b) uhlaziyo yokuhlanza yakhe ezinhlwini party siqu. Indima "izitha" wahlulelwe labo muva bekwi sokunquma degree of ukwethembakala isakhamuzi uma ngabe sinquma Isiphelo sakhe. Le ndinganiso lilondolozwe unaphakade ugoqe.

Izisulu noma besahlulelo?

Ukubeka wuSuku Lokukhunjulwa Kwezisulu Ezacindezelwa Umbuso, amasekela eziningi eMkhandlwini Ophakeme, ukunamathela izinkolelo lamakhomanisi, futhi ezama ukwenza umphakathi wonkana, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngokwabo ukuthi socialism kungenzeka nabanye ekhethekile, "abantu" ubuso. Njengoba isibonelo le "izithombe egqamile" ka Leninists amaKhomanisi, efana Tukhachevsky, Uborevich, Blucher, Zinoviev, Bukharin, Rykov futhi Kamenev. Ukubala yayilula, ngaphakathi spite of imfundo yesibili nokutholakala ukuqeqeshwa ezikoleni zamabanga aphakeme, izakhamuzi ezweni amaSoviet ekutadisheni Classics of Marxism-Leninism babephathwa ngokomthetho, isimiso "ngekhanda, lidlule, ngikhohliwe."

Kwakuthinta bazitshela ukuthi Day of Remembrance Kwezisulu Political Ingcindezelo abantu ngeke bakhumbule amalungu ababulawa of Politburo kukaLenin, besahlulelo ka Kronstadt kanye Tambov, le theoreticians we ubushiqela yesigaba sabasebenzi, kanye nabanye abameleli KwamaBolshevik elite, avuselelwa ku zamashumi amahlanu ngasekupheleni noma iminyaka Gorbachev.

Imemori abantu umbala

Nokho, iqiniso, iqiniso elingenakuphikwa lokuthi yokuhlanza uchungechunge le CPSU (b) kwaba ushintsho olukhulu ngempela ukuqhubeka esinengqondo ye jikelele party umugqa phezu ukucindezelwa egcwele yanoma yikuphi ukuphikisana okukhulayo. Kusukela 1917, it kwenziwe nokuqothulwa onenjongo imibala umphakathi waseRussia. nokubulawa Mass abalimi, abapristi, osolwazi onjiniyela, ezempi, abameleli ochwepheshe zokudala engaphezu kweminyaka engamashumi amabili, kubhekwe inqubo amaphethini zomlando, bafika ihlombe futhi hoots kwenjabulo Bukharin, Radek, Zinoviev, nokunye okunjalo "Leninists kweqiniso" uma nje ngokwabo Bona ningaweli ngembazo ka uStalin.

Usuku Lokukhunjulwa Kwezisulu Ezacindezelwa Umbuso bangakhumbula nalabo ababephikisana kobushiqela kule minyaka post-Stalin, babebaningi. Ukuqala sixties buboniswa ngokuba emikhulu olwathatha eziningana ezithandwayo, baqhumuka Novocherkassk (1962), Krasnodar (1961), Odessa (1960) nakwamanye amadolobha. Ukuthwebula ukuboniswa, imikhandlu oluthathwa phezu "abagqugquzeli", izigwebo zentambo zibangelwa.

Solovetsky Stone ku Lubyanka Square kwaba indawo lapho Suku inkumbulo izisulu yokucindezelwa abeke izimbali neziboshwa zangaphambilini, inzalo yabo nabo bonke abakhumbula iqiniso noma ufuna ukwazi. Lezi, ngeshwa, buya ezincane.