Ubuthongo Izidakamizwa olubangelwa egunjini labagula kakhulu: nemithelela Izibuyekezo

izinqubo eziningi zokwelapha akuzona ngaphandle izinzwa. Kuyadingeka ukuba asuse izinhlungu, ukuvimbela ukushaqeka. Ngempela, ukusabela nobuntu umzimba (palpitations inhliziyo, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, hormone yokucindezeleka) kungaba ngokuphawulekayo ezithinta isimo lesiguli. Ngokuvamile esetshenziswa iphupho wezokwelapha.

izinhlobonhlobo izinzwa

Kunezindlela ezimbili eziyisisekelo ukuze ukukhululeka ubuhlungu. izinzwa wendawo isetshenziswa ukwehlisa ubuhlungu zendawo. Kulokhu, lo muntu uhlala bayazi. Lolu hlobo lwe-izinzwa has izinhlobonhlobo elandelayo. Surface indlela - amalungiselelo isetshenziswa isikhumba (noma nolwelwesi lwamafinyila), lapho wakwamukela futhi kusebenze. Isikhathi esining impela le ndlela isetshenziswa odokotela bamazinyo. Futhi basonta lesi sigaba futhi okokuqandisa. Ukungena ngobuqili enhlanganweni izinzwa isetshenziselwa ezithile izinqubo zokuhlinza, ukuhlukumezeka. Ingqikithi is busuka izicubu ngomjovo. izinzwa Regional ine zenyathi eziningana: i-epidural, izintambo, umgogodla. Kulokhu, lo izidakamizwa busuka indawo liseduze kakhulu isiqu emsipheni noma plexus. Esebenzisa indlela enjalo ivinjelwe ukudluliselwa ngiyibona ubuhlungu. Uma ukuhlinzwa wenziwa phezu kwamalungu omzimba, kungenzeka ukusebenzisa izinzwa intravascular. Izinzwa iqondiswa izitsha esitho igazi. izinzwa Jikelele kuvimbela umsebenzi isimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko. Imisipha uphumule, ingqondo kuyaphazamiseka. It zingenziwa kokubili by ephefumula noma umjovo emthanjeni.

Kuyini ubuthongo izidakamizwa olubangelwa

Sedation kuyindlela ethembisa izinzwa ezijulile. Kubalulekile kakhulu ukuthi umuntu ezazi, ingqondo yakhe kuyagcinwa. Ukuze ukucwiliswa kule zokulala ukwethula ekhethekile sedatives ngemithambo yegazi noma ku imisipha. Bakhuthaza ukuphumula ephelele, ukupholisa futhi analgesia. Ncoma lolu hlobo izinzwa kubantu nge ongaphakeme embundwini ubuhlungu, iziyaluyalu sezinzwa, izingane. Inqubo wenziwa anaesthesiologist, okuyinto sinquma umthamo edingekayo. Futhi Uchwepheshe kusiza isiguli ukuphuma kulesi sifundazwe. Kuyinto isici ukuthi eziyinkimbinkimbi ngaphezu kwalokho ungasebenzisa izinzwa wendawo. Izinzuzo esemqoka ngilale ne izidakamizwa zimi kanje. Imithi ezisetshenziswa musa unezithako kwelashwa futhi akavumi ukuba umlutha. Inombolo yomhlaba wonke yesikhungo zokuphefumula engasenamahloni. Esikhathini abalazi umuntu eza angabacwasi ngokushesha - ngaphakathi 5-10 imizuzu. Ngakho, uma usebenzisa imithi ubuthongo, ngemiphumela uhlamvu negative nhlobo.

amazinga ukupholisa

degrees eziningana elikhethiwe ngilale isikhathi ngokuthi bathathe imithi. Izinga ubuncane libhekene yokuthi isiguli uphapheme, xhumana nodokotela wakho. Kulokhu, kancane i- bokusungula ikhono, kusebentisana ukunyakaza. Lokulingene ukupholisa ukujula - yisimo lapho umuntu esabela izwi ukushukuma ethintekayo. ubuthongo obukhulu libhekene ukuntula contact yezokwelapha isiguli udokotela. Awakening kungenzeka ngesikhathi ukushukuma sasivumela ezibuhlungu. Kwezinye izimo, ungase uhlangabezana nezinkinga ukuphefumula ngenkathi hemodynamics yaqhubeka iba ngcono.

Yini imithi asetshenziselwa ukupholisa

Umuthi ekahle imithi yokulala kumele abe ezithile izimfanelo. Okokuqala, ukusebenza. Futhi, izinto ezinjalo akumelanga abe lama- yemiphumela emibi, futhi ingqondo ukuze siphinde sithole ngokushesha ngemva ukumisa nokuphatha. ukupholisa Khanyisa eyenziwa "midazolam." kuphakama ubuthongo Deeper emva kusungulwa "Propofol". Sedation ekhiqizwa futhi esebenzisa izidakamizwa ezifana nge-nitrous oxide. Lokhu igesi, ehlinzekwa wumnikezeli ngokusebenzisa buso ekhethekile. Ngosizo lwawo kukhona ukuphumula kwemisipha, uthulisa nesineke. Kwezinye izimo, wasebenzisa barbiturates, kodwa musa kuthinte imisipha yenhliziyo. Okuqhubekayo zokuqapha hemodynamics. Ngakho-ke, ukusetshenziswa kwazo uvinjelwe. Isixazululo sodium hydroxybutyrate ngokuvamile Kunconywa ukuba isetshenziswe ngesikhathi sokubeletha.

Ukusetshenziswa amazinyo

Enye yezindawo lapho iphupho esetshenziswa kabanzi yezokwelapha - amazinyo. Ngokungafani ukubulawa kwezinzwa okuvamile, okuyilona elidingekayo ezimweni ezithile, lolu hlobo izinzwa kuphephile futhi eziningi eziwusizo. Kunconywa ukuthi khona komzimba nezinto izinzwa wendawo, ukuhlinzwa nzima (e ukusika ithumba, umonakalo emhlathini periostitis njll). Abantu abaningi ukuzwa uvalo ngaphambi kokuvakashela udokotela wamazinyo. ubuthongo Nemithi - indlela kuphela kobuhlungu nokuncane kuhlasimulise ukuba nizifeze zonke lezi manipulations ezidingekayo kule ngalo ingaphakathi ngomlomo. Futhi, le ndlela yokukhuluma ukukhululeka ubuhlungu uyisidingo iziguli isithuthwane, ukusangana nezinye izifo ezithile zesimiso sezinzwa. Kubalulekile kakhulu ukuthi zonke namazinyo ingelapheka kwelinye kudokotela wezifo. Ezinjalo njengoba izinzwa ivumela udokotela ukusebenza buthule (ngoba isiguli silele). Indlela iphephile kangaka nokulula ukuthi ungakwazi lowo baze batuse ngisho imithi yokulala kwengane. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi uma ingane fuzz ft noh hujan noma umane wesabe odokotela kanye izinsimbi.

Ukusetshenziswa imithi ubuthongo ngesikhathi sokubeletha

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi lena akuyona analgesia enqunyiwe eyodwa kuphela isifiso omama. Udokotela Uhlaziya isimo sisonke futhi esimweni zomsebenzi nokunwetshiwe ingagunyaza ukusetshenziswa imithi ubuthongo. Lesi isilinganiso kuyadingeka uma owesifazane ukuzwisa ubuhlungu kakhulu, okuyinto ukuphuca amabutho ayo. Phela, uma ubuhlungu othwala obelethayo, zingase ziyekwe enganeni inqubo okukhiphayo. Kulokhu, ingane iba buthaka. Ukubuyisela okwesikhashana amabutho nesineke egxilile ubuthongo ukukhanya. Izidakamizwa ukuthi iphathwa, futhi kube nomthelela imithi ebulala izinzwa. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ubuhlungu ingahambi ngokuphelele. It is kancane kuphela abathuntubezwe, ukulwa uyaqhubeka. zokukhwabanisa enjalo wenziwa ngezigaba ezimbili. Phakathi umzimba yokuqala isilungele isingeniso indlela yokubulala izinzwa (premedication). izindlela ezisetshenzisiwe abathuntubezwe ubuhlungu, eziphumulele. Nokho, bakwazi ukungena placenta. Ngenxa yalokho, kungaba khona eside ubuthongo ngayo lapho usana. Eyesibili esiteji - ukwethulwa izidakamizwa ngokuqondile wezinkinga zokulala. Phakathi zabasebenzi livame ukusetshenziswa sodium oxybutyrate (20% solution yayo). into enjalo iphephile, ubuthi aphansi, akakubangeli ezinkingeni esikhathini ingane. Omama abaningi bathi nokunciphisa lokuzalwa usebenzisa izinzwa efanayo.

Anesthesia egunjini labagula kakhulu

Ngo ezinzima ezibuhlungu cranial nemibandela efanayo lungasetshenziswa e izidakamizwa olubangelwa ubuthongo yokusiza umuntu ukuba aphefumule. Nokho, kulesi simo, kuthatha izinsuku ezimbalwa (1-3 noma ngaphezulu). Inzuzo yayo undoubted nge leso sicelo - ukwehla kwe ophezulu intracranial, lapho ubuchopho ukuphumula. Phakathi ukupholisa Ochwepheshe ukuthuthukisa amaqhinga obengeziwe ukwelashwa. Futhi, le ndlela ngezinye izikhathi lisetshenziselwa kwenzeka ukuthi isimo lesiguli sina, kodwa ochwepheshe ungazi indlela yokuphatha kulo. Nokho, njenganoma yiluphi izinzwa, le ndlela has nezihibe kanye contraindications. Izibuyekezo bathi ukusetshenziswa eside izidakamizwa ezinjalo kungaba nemiphumela engemihle ku isimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko.

imiphumela olungenzeka izinzwa

Isingeniso kwanoma iyiphi imithi emzimbeni kungabangela ukusabela kabi komzimba. Nakuba ubuthongo izidakamizwa olubangelwa has Izibuyekezo omuhle, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kungabonakala isiyezi, isicanucanu nokuhlanza. Izimo ukusetshenziswa lolu hlobo izinzwa kungaba isifo esingelapheki, ikakhulukazi esikhathini exacerbation. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ngokuvamile esimeni sokulala futhi afeze izinqubo ezifana gastroscopy, colonoscopy. Odokotela abaningi batusa ukuba ngaphambi zokukhwabanisa ukuthatha ephelele kakhulu segazi, yenza cardiogram nesifuba X-ray. Kanjeyana they ukuthathelwa umshuwalense ukuze zilwe izingozi ezingase zibe khona, qiniseka ukuthi akusho unezinkinga zokuphefumula inhliziyo phakathi naleyo nqubo. Uma usebenzise ubuthongo imithi, ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, futhi ngaphandle kwalokho lokuxhaphaza nesineke kulula yaqhuma. Futhi ukuze unciphise noma iyiphi imiphumela emibi, okokuqala udinga ukwazisa udokotela mayelana komzimba kungenzeka, ukukhulelwa abasolwa, imithi.