Uhlelo Sikhungo - yigama ukuthi kwavela ekuqaleni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili

Uhlelo Sikhungo - yigama ukuthi kwavela in Soviet Russia. Lokho kusho futhi kanjani humusha?

Uhlelo Sikhungo - umcimbi ogama umgomo ukufundisa abadala ukufunda nokubhala. Kwaba njalo okushiwo umqondo ku eko. Kamuva, leli gama liye aluthola luhlaza kuyiwa.

prehistory

Ekupheleni kwekhulu nesishiyagalolunye, Russia waqhamuka indlela yezimboni. Kodwa izinga jikelele kokukwazi labantu abampofu. Phakathi izakhamuzi eSiberia, isibonelo, babekwazi ukufunda nokubhala ambalwa. Ngokwezibalo, kwaba eyodwa kuphela kweziyishumi, uma kungekhona ukuba acabangele izingane kuze kube iminyaka eyisishiyagalolunye. Ngo-1914, isibalo sabantu abafundile sinyukile kancane eRussia, kodwa impi, indlala kanye nezinye izenzakalo ezimbi eziye zaholela yokuthi isibalo sabo sehle futhi.

Ngu-1920, izifundiswa kuleli zwe kwakukuncane kakhulu: abanye bathutha, abanye badutshulwe. Uhulumeni omusha sesisungule uhlelo lokuqoqa ikhambi lale nkinga: ke kwavunyelwana isimemezelo ku ukusungulwa ikhomishana eziphuthumayo ukuqeda nokungafundi. Kusukela manje, ukufunda ukubhala nokufunda ayenesizathu isakhamuzi.

Uhlelo Sikhungo - ekulweni nokungafundi. Okokuqala, lokhu kwaba uhlelo isimo igxile kakhulu ungqimba sabantu - lezingane ezingenamakhaya, okuyinto yavela ngemva kulwiwa emigwaqweni yezwe eminingi. Kwakuthinta kulezi iminyaka baqala imisebenzi uthisha Makarenko, ngubani akuthola kudingekile ukuhlala hhayi kuphela ukufundisa intsha izisekelo izinhlamvu eziyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa futhi ukuze unamathisele nabo emsebenzini.

Likpunkty

izingane Street ethunyelwe ezikoleni ezikhethekile boarding. Kodwa kwakukhona abaningana abantu abaye benza cha amacala, ukuba kwakuwumsebenzi ngempela sithembekile, kodwa abakwazanga ngisho nokubhala igama lakhe siqu. Kubo ukusungula izikole.

Lezi zikhungo nabizelwa likpunktami, egqoké izakhamuzi oqeqeshiwe phezu iminyaka eyishumi nanhlanu. Uhlelo kwaba ngempela lesifinyetiwe. Ukuqeqeshwa eyathatha isikhathi esingaphezulu kwezinyanga ezingi ezine.

Phansi nge Ukungafundwa!

ezemfundo kanye nohlaka methodological ukuze bafeze imisebenzi ebalulekile ngaphansi kwegama isimiso semfundo yadalwa. Kwakumelwe, njengoba umthetho, emaphamfulethi nge imishwana ayinzima ukufunda izinkondlo yezimbongi Soviet. Ikakhulukazi abameleli abasebenzi abalimi 'ekilasini eshicilelwe kwenziwa.

Ngo-1925, nokuqedwa ukungakwazi ukufunda nokubhala kuye savela zibe uhlelo eligxile ukuhlala hhayi nje endaweni yokufunda incwadi esekelwe nekufundza. Manje, ngaphansi isimiso semfundo futhi wayeqonda isiphakamiso labantu ideologically ngokombono lesifanele.

Ngu namathathu banesifo esibi ekuqaleni, inani lezikole ekukwati kufundza nekubhala liye landa izikhathi eziningana. Lezi zikhungo esasiyizakhamuzi ezingaphezu kuka ezingaphezu kwezigidi ezingamashumi amabili. Kusukela ngomhla ka-1929 i-USSR iphesenti labantu abangafundile, uma bethathwa abaneminyaka iminyaka eyishumi nanhlanu ayisithupha Kwakungekhona ngaphezu-10%.