Ukhiye inzuzo izinkomba: ifomula

Sebenza noma iyiphi inkampani abadinga kokuhlaziywa njalo. Lokhu kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukunquma izici ezibuthakathaka kanye namandla we inhlangano yezimali, utshalomali kanye nokusebenza. Ukuze wenze lokhu, abahlaziyi sebenzisa amasu amaningi. Kubaluleke kakhulu ohlelweni kokuhlaziywa hlala eziseceleni, izincazelo ifomula okukuvumela ukuhlola abheke ukuthi kungenzeka ibhizinisi. Le ndlela eqala kuhlolwe izibonisi eziningana. Lokhu kuzovumela ukubukeka esibanzi ngesikhathi isimo sezimali. Ukuze uqonde kahle izibalo inzuzo, kufanele uhlole uhlobo amafomula wabo wokubalisisa.

Umqondo inzuzo

Ukuze ukuhlola izinga lenzuzo lapho inkampani etholwe sekubika, akwanele nje ukuhlaziya Dynamics yayo. Phela, wayehawukela wande, kodwa luyokhula kanye nezindleko, kanye nezindleko amafa ukukhiqiza. Ukubala usebenzisa amafomula inkomba inzuzo esele, kuyoba lula ukubona ukuthi lapho isikhathi, inani capital fixed kanye circulating amafa lalilincane nge ukwanda inzuzo.

Nenzuzo izinkomba, formula iluphi okuzoxoxwa ngalo ngezansi, asivumela ukulinganisa zemisebenzi isihlobo lenkampani. Lokhu kungenziwa ngokuqhathanisa nenani izindleko kanye nomthelela yabo ngesikhathi tekusebenta.

Inzuzo - kuyinto inzuzo (inzuzo) ibhizinisi. Omunye izinkomba ebaluleke kakhulu abahlaziyi, bezimali kanye nokuphathwa. Ukuze uqonde ukuthi ngempumelelo inkampani uye wasebenza sekubika esimeningcondvo emikhakheni lehlukene umsebenzi wayo, ukusebenzisa ifomula izinkomba eziyisisekelo nenzuzo.

amasu

Ukuze nokuhlola ukusebenza enkampanini, yena umhlaziyi kufanele aphathelane inzuzo imithombo ukuthi kwakhiwa. Izinkomba inzuzo ibhizinisi, ifomula ukuthi isetshenziswa inqubo ungaboniswa inzuzo okuletha lonke ukukhiqizwa, noma iyunithi etshaliwe enhloko-dolobha yalo.

Kuye onjani inzuzo kuqhathaniswa ngezisetshenziswa ezithile inkampani, abuye ahlukanisa izinhlobo nokuhlola. Khona-ke abakhululiwe evamise esetshenzisiwe 4 Coefficient:

• amafa;
• yokuthengisa;
• nezindleko ngqo;
• umsebenzi jikelele.

Ungase futhi sihlaziye inzuzo-dolobha yawo.

Buyela ku-amafa

Nenzuzo izinkomba, ifomula ukulinganisela ezihlinzeka ithuba okuhlola ukusebenza ukusetshenziswa dolobha, ibalwa nsuku saziso. Lokhu izinkomba ezibalulekile. Le ndlela ucubungula nengqondo izinqumo zokuphatha endaweni lokutshala izimali. Lapha sibheka inani Imininingwane balance sheet. Ukuze uqonde ngokunemba isakhiwo yayo, isebenzise nezinye izindlela ukuze ukuhlolwa kohlaziyo.

Ukuze abale idatha ngeke kudingeke ucabangele izitatimende zezimali ibhizinisi, ezifana inombolo ifomu 1, enesihloko esithi "Balance" futhi nenombolo ifomu 2, okuthiwa "Inzuzo Loss".

Formula Buyisela ku-amafa has le nkulumo elandelayo:

PA = PE / (VBnp VBkp +) / 2, lapho PE - ukulahlekelwa net noma inzuzo, VBnp, VBkp - balance sheet ekuqaleni kanye ekupheleni kwesikhathi sokubika.

buyela yokuthengisa

Formula inkomba inzuzo yokuthengisa ikhonza esibalulekile ekutadisheni ukusebenza lenkampani.

It ikuvumela ukuba uhlole loko inani inzuzo abahola inhlangano iyunithi yokuthengisa ngamunye.

Izinkomba of inzuzo yokuthengisa, formula oboniswe ngezansi, esisiza ukuba siqonde ukuthi yimalini ungagcina inkampani emva ngezimali izindleko imikhiqizo siphelile, ukukhokhwa kwezintela nesithakazelo izibopho loan. Le ndlela ikhombisa ukukhishwa inzuzo, okuvumela nesisindo share yayo yokuthengisa.

Formula ukubuya ekuthengisweni:

RP = PP / BP lapho PE - ukulahlekelwa net noma inzuzo, BP - imali engenayo evela yokuthengisa.

I inzuzo nezindleko ngqo

Isinyathelo esilandelayo kule ukuhlaziywa inzuzo esivuna nezindleko ngqo. It ikuvumela ukuba ukuhlola ukuthi hlobo luni ukubuya kuletha inhlokodolobha ingqikithi inkampani, okungowakhe. E. Kuyinto ithuba elihle ukuhlola futhi sifinyelele eziphethweni mayelana nenani imali ukuthi agcinwe ngu inkampani enhlanganweni zokukhiqiza kanye yokuthengisa imikhiqizo.

Inzuzo, okuyinto ukubala ifomula Kamuva sizoxoxa ngokuthi, Uyoletha zibheke ukusetshenziswa kwedatha dolobha futhi ubonise ukuthi ingakanani bachithe ukuze uthole inzuzo senkampani net.

Ifomula simiswe ngalendlela lelandzelako:

EBL = SP / C, lapho PE - ukulahlekelwa net noma inzuzo, C - ebiziwe.

Ungaphinde ubone ku-formula esikhundleni imali abadayise ngayo inzuzo net, inzalo enkulu, nokunye. D. Konke kuncike imigomo ye umhlaziyi wezimali.

Buyela emsebenzini Imininingwane

Indlela elula ukuhlola inzuzo yenkampani ngesikhathi sokubika kuyinto ukubala inzuzo yebhizinisi. Ifomula lapha ngenzansi. Ukuze uqonde okushiwo le ndlela, kubalulekile ukuba yokuqonda lokho okushiwo yinkulumo izinto uma kuqhathaniswa yakha inombolo 2.

Lena indlela ebaluleke kakhulu ohlelweni, okuyisisekelo main inzuzo izinkomba. Formula ukucacisa nenzuzo jikelele wenkampani kuqhathaniswa nenani inzuzo pre-intela futhi yokudayisa kwezimpahla e sekubika. Kubonakala sengathi lokhu:

Rod = PN / BP lapho Mon - inzuzo (ukulahlekelwa), owawuya inkampani ukukhokha izikweletu zalo intela, BP - izimali (imali) ezivela ukudayiswa.

Buyela nezikweletu siqu

Kubalulekile kakhulu kokubili abatshali bezimali kanye sokuphatha inkampani ukucacisa inzuzo-dolobha yawo. Ibonisa kangakanani inzuzo abanikazi kanye zimali nge iyunithi atshalwe imisebenzi dolobha yawo. Ifomula simiswe ngalendlela lelandzelako:

RAC = BP / (VBnp VBkp +) / 2 lapho BP - ukukhiqizwa ubuningi VBnp, VBkp - lwemali ibhalansi ekuqaleni kanye ekupheleni kwesikhathi.

Inzuzo imithombo yenkampani siqu ngezimali zichazwe ifomula may Dupont ngokugcwele. It ungaboniswa kanje:

DGC = PP / BP BP × / × WB WB / SC, lapho PE - ukulahlekelwa net noma inzuzo; WB - nenani amafa; BP - izimali (imali) ezivela ukuthengiswa; SK - nezikweletu siqu.

Yini okufanele kucatshangelwe

Nenzuzo izinkomba, ifomula zazo banikezwe okungenhla kwakuchaza ukucabangela eziningi izici.

• Ukuhlaziya isikhathi. Lezi zinqubo musa acabangele umthelela esikhathini eside kusukela ukusetshenziswa ukutshalwa eside. Kungcono ukuhlola izici the Dynamics.
• Ukuntuleka kokukhulumisana comparability amayunithi yemali. I inzuzo ibonisa imiphumela umsebenzi wamanje, futhi inhloko-dolobha (ibhalansi) kwamiswa eminyakeni. Ukuze uthole ukunemba ukuhlolwa kufanele bacabangele inani lemakethe kwempahla yenkampani.
• nenzuzo High ingatholakala nokwanda okuphawulekayo ingozi. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuba abale isibalo izinkomba ahlobene (zezimali, isigwedlo tekusebenta, isakhiwo izindleko zamanje nokuzinza zezimali).

Amathrendi amafomula ziye okwethulwa umongo izici eziningana nokuhlolwa, ukuphakamisa ngesidingo inkampani. Ngokuqhathanisa inani izindleko ukuze ukubaluleka imiphumela eyatholakala sibonga kubo, sizwisise amabhizinisi inzuzo noma imisebenzi abaphathi kwaba ayizwakali esikhathini ihlaziye. Ikhumbula eziningi izici mgomo ucwaningo ngendlela efanayo, abahlaziyi imiphumela anembile ngempela. Iziphetho ungenisa ngesisekelo izibalo bayakwazi isimo inhlangano ngayinye.