Ukuzamazama komhlaba esifundeni esise-Ural: lapho ukuzamazama kwaqala khona, imiphumela

Ngobusuku buka-October 19 ngonyaka odlule, ngokwesilinganiso, kwakubikwa komhlaba esifundeni esise-Ural. Lokhu zamangala hhayi kuphela izakhamuzi zayo kodwa futhi izazi zokuzamazama komhlaba, ngoba indawo itholakala endaweni yokuthi uvikelekile izinhlekelele ezinjalo. Kube lubavuthele Peat, ihlathi umlilo kwenzeke, kodwa hhayi ukuzamazama komhlaba. Ngakho kwenzekani ngempela? Ziyini izimbangela ka ukuzamazama zokuzamazama komhlaba?

Kwenzekeni?

Kube nokuzamazama komhlaba esifundeni esise-Ural ebusuku. Eyokuqala ukuzizwa nezilwane zakhe nezilwane kusuka zoo wendawo. Baqala ukungakhululeki, waqala zisheshe amakamelo ezivulekile ezinkanjini yokucasha. Abanikazi kanye nabasebenzi zoo ekuqaleni ayikwazanga ukuqonda izizathu zokuziphatha ngale ndlela kwezilwane.

Lokhu kwalandelwa ukundindizela. Manje kokuzamazama komhlaba esifundeni esise-Ural wazizwa kuso sonke isibalo sabantu. Kuba nzima nakakhulu kwadingeka izakhamuzi izitezi.

Kamuva, Izimo eziphuthumayo Ministry ngokuthi lesi sigameko uthuthumele seismological, kodwa into enjalo ayikho. Eqinisweni lapho ukuzamazama komhlaba ne ubukhulu 4.2 amaphuzu. Wawunodonga odabuka yemvelo Titanic.

eshayeka

I Laboratory UB RAS libike ukuthi kube yiyo eshayeka kanzima komhlaba yayisesigodini Urals phakathi Revda futhi Nyazepetrovsk. Okuningi ngokunembile, itholakala km 35 kusuka emzaneni St Michael. Abatakuli ukubika ukuthi lapha kubonakala zikhubazeke kakhulu futhi nemiphumela.

Vibration ibhalisiwe emadolobheni amaningi ase-Urals, kuhlanganise Ekaterinburg, Pervouralsk futhi Novouralsk. Naphezu injabulo kwabakhileyo, yini nokusekela ukuphila kwakhe usuke sengozini. Zonke ukuxhumana kanye inethiwekhi ubunjiniyela ukuze usebenze ngokujwayelekile ngisho ngesikhathi kunyakaza.

amayunithi Military futhi wazizwa ukuzamazama ukuthi akazange kuthinte ukulwa ukulungela ibutho lendawo. Waqhubeka ukusebenza njengoba evamile. Hhayi balimala, amathuluzi empi, izinto. Ukwephulwa e umyalo nokulawula awuzange waphawula, amabutho esemsebenzini zazifana njengenjwayelo.

Izimbangela ukuzamazama zokuzamazama komhlaba

Kuyini ukuzamazama komhlaba? It Isakhiwo sazamazama, okuyinto ihlanganise kungaba endaweni encane, kanye basakaza phezu esikalini. Bona kwenzeke lapho ipuleti e engxenyeni engenhla isiphuku kushintshile. Kukhona cishe njalo ezingxenyeni ezihlukahlukene zomhlaba. Nokho, akukho ubuchwepheshe lungacacisa eshayeka of sehlelwe inhlekelele entsha.

Izimbangela ukuzamazama komhlaba esifundeni esise-Ural ngenxa yokuthi amapuleti ukuze bathuthe lithosphere. Amaphaphu ukwenyuka Earth. Lapho kuba trudnosderzhivaemym, iplanethi iqala ukusiza ngokwabo. Ngenxa yalokho amashifu zenzeka evele balahle ukucindezeleka. Amandla iguqulwe ibe energy kinetic ke Ukhuthaza ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene buqamama. Lesi sakamuva kuncike emandleni lokunye ukuzamazama.

Ingabe ikhona izisulu?

Ukuzamazama komhlaba ngo-Okthoba esifundeni esise-Ural ngo-2015, ayikwazanga azithalalise, ngaphandle izisulu. imihlatshelo ngabantu hhayi Nokho, inhlekelele namanje kushiya umzila. Ngokwesibonelo, edolobhaneni Novoutkinsk ngenxa uthuthumele zokuzamazama komhlaba abathintekayo isakhiwo enkulisa. amafasitela walo bekufanele aqhephukile ingilazi.

Wahlushwa Kamenskoe kwesigubhu. Yakhe engenhla ipuleti ukuwushintsha. Ngemva uthuthumele kuso Kwatholakala imifantu consequently ukusetshenziswa kwaso ukuqhubeka akunakwenzeka.

abaqashi izindlu baye bahlushwa kube yiyo eshayeka kanzima, abanye babo aqhephukile futhi pobilas izitsha waya imifantu ingilazi.

Ukuxazulula inkinga kanye azosiza abayizisulu wahlanganyela Ochwepheshe. Abanye umsebenzi uyaqhubeka kuze kube yilolu suku.

Endabeni ka nobungozi Ochwepheshe ukubika ukuthi izakhamuzi izindlu isitini ube mubi kakhulu iphaneli, uma kukhona inhlekelele okunjengalokho namandla.

Izibikezelo kanye okulindelwe

Ngeshwa, izimbangela zezinkumbulo kokuzamazama komhlaba esifundeni esise-Ural okufanayo cishe ngaso sonke isikhathi. Nenhlekelele odabuka yemvelo. Naphezu kwentuthuko yesimanje kwezobuchwepheshe, ngcono amathuluzi seismological namasu ukubikezela ngokunembile ukuzamazama entsha akwenzeki. Lokhu kungenxa yezizathu eziningana. Kodwa omkhulu kubo imele yokuthi ukholelwa ngokuqinile ukuthi akunakwenzeka ukuba ukubikezela lapho ngokuzayo uzoqala bayeke titanic ipuleti, akukho amaphethini ebonakalayo.

Ngalokho okulindele, abanye ochwepheshe babikezela uphinda nokuzamazama komhlaba nge amandla efanayo (noma ngaphezulu) nga-2030. Nokho, isiqinisekiso egcwele, yebo, akekho unika.

amabutho ukuzamazama komhlaba

Kunezindlela eziningana lapho amandla kunqunywa inhlekelele. ERussia, wasebenzisa yemakhono Mercalli. Ngaphakathi accordance nga lo ubukhulu bokuzamazama komhlaba esifundeni esise-Ural ngokuvamile akukho kuka 6-7 amaphuzu. Ukuze uqhathanise, kudingeka uzijwayeze ngazo zonke amaphuzu okukhulunywe ngawo kulesi silinganiso:

• 1 - imperceptible nesenzakalo kungabonwa kuphela kumadivayisi;
• 2 - Isakhiwo sazamazama, eziphathekayo izilwane ebucayi;
• 3 - lubonakale kuphela ezakhiweni;
• 4 - kukhona ukuphahlaza of iminyango namafasitela;
• 5 - ukuthi kungenzeka umonakalo kanye nokulungiswa impahla;
• 6 - kukhona umonakalo kancane izakhiwo;
• 7 - kukhona umonakalo omkhulu nasezakhiweni;
• 8 - zonakale kakhulu izindonga asekelayo kwezindlu uma ukuzamazama kwenzeke endaweni enezintaba, hamba uhlale;
• 9 - zidilika izakhiwo uqhekeke emhlabathini;
• 10 - Ukulimala izakhiwo kuyashesha kakhulu, abakhileyo izindlu awunaso isikhathi asabele;
• 11 - sokudiliza ngisho abanenkani kakhulu isakhiwo uqhekeke avele emhlabathini latitude okukhulu;
• 12 - isikolo esikhulu, kukhona impumuzo ukushintshashintsha, nemiphumela emibi.

Njengoba umlando Urals okwakwenzeka Ukundindizela ngenhla 7 amaphuzu, izakhamuzi zalo akufanele wesabe imiphumela le nhlekelele zemvelo. Kodwa-ke futhi, 100% isiqinisekiso abakwazi ukunikeza noma yimuphi uchwepheshe.

Kukangaki kungabonakala nasemkhakheni komhlaba esifundeni esise-Ural?

Eqinisweni ukuzamazama komhlaba ezincane esifundeni esise-Ural kungabonwa cishe njalo eminyakeni 2-3, futhi ngisho ngokuvamile ngaphezulu. Nokho, amandla odlulela sakugcina ngakho, ukuthi iningi labo bamane awuboni. Eliphawuleka kakhulu futhi ebucayi izenzeko zemvelo esifundeni esise-Ural zazimbalwa. Ekuqaleni kuka-1995, ngezikhwepha vibration ebonwe 4.7 amaphuzu.

Ngo-August 2002, uthuthumele omusha oyingqayizivele zenzeka. Khona-ke, lapho ukuzamazama kwaqala khona ukuzamazama komhlaba yayisesigodini Urals ajulile, eduze Zlatoust.

Ngo-2010, ukuzamazama ku Sverdlovsk esifundeni, ubukhulu okwakukhona 4 amaphuzu.

I last ukuzamazama komhlaba okukhulu kwenzeka ngo-2015, ngo-Okthoba. amandla waso kwakuyindishi ayifani, imiphakathi ehlukene uzizwe kunyakaza ezahlukene. Ngokuvamile, ubukhulu kungenziwa oqokiwe in the ezahlukene 4.5-5.5 amaphuzu.

Ngokusekelwe kugcinwa izazi zokuzamazama komhlaba, ngokuvamile uthuthumele nasemkhakheni Sverdlovsk esifundeni. Ngakho-ke, kutuswa ukuba yazi izakhamizi abane-TB kanye imithetho yokuziphatha ngenxa yezinhlekelele zemvelo ezifanele.

Ukuthi baziphathe kanjani ngesikhathi ukuzamazama komhlaba?

Sengiphetha, mangisho ukuthi, naphezu rarity nokuzamazama komhlaba esifundeni esise-Ural usengakwazi zenzeka. Ngakho-ke, zonke izakhamuzi bayakhuthazwa ubuyekeze imithetho yokuziphatha ngesikhathi vibration:

1. Njalo nginazo esikhwameni ngezinto ezidingekayo (ezifudumele izidingo zansuku zonke, imibhalo). Kuyadingeka ukuthi ayeseduze, uma kunesidingo, umuntu kufanele uthole kubo ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka.
2. Uma unga, udinga ukushiya isakhiwo, iya ingxenye yokuqala. Uma kungenjalo, kuba efiselekayo ukuthatha isihlalo emnyango odongeni eziveza noma ngaphansi kwetafula esisebaleni.
3. Uma umuntu engaphenduki ngaleso sikhathi vibration emotweni, udinga ukumisa, vula amafasitela, kodwa musa bakushiye kuze emva ukuzamazama.

Ngaphansi le mithetho yokuziphatha amathuba okusinda phakathi nokuzamazama komhlaba okukodwa okunamandla is kakhulu anda.