Umbhalo umkhiqizo "ezansi": emisha Gorky, isithombe likaLuka

Lokho nakho umuntu, eyabonakala ezansi indlela yokuphila? Impendulo yalo mbuzo lanikezwa play wakhe okuyisimangaliso Maxim Gorky. izinqubo Deep asekuqaleni XX leminyaka nomthelela izinguquko nezinezinhlekelele kakhulu ukuba khona kwabantu abaningi eRussia. Kodwa idrama, nezincwadi zakudala Russian nawaseSoviet ngokuyinhloko ukungqubuzana zefilosofi. main theme Ezazimzungezile - Ukungqubuzana zengqondo. Indlela babhale indaba ekhuluma umsebenzi "Ngosuku?" Into okufanele ibhekwe ukuhlaziya le play ngokusekelwe?

Umlando sokudalwa

Maxim Gorky isihloko play sakhe singasuki Kungakapholi maseko ngazithola. Ekuqaleni, le ndoda kwakudingeka izinguqulo eziningana. Phakathi kwabo - the "phansi" kanye "Doss endlini". Ukukhetha umbhali kuvunwa amagama ongokomfanekiso owaziwa. Kusukela ukuhlaziywa isihloko kufanele aqale umsebenzi umkhiqizo "I-Lower Ngokujula". Heroes of the play - abantu ababesebusweni eziseceleni ukuzwana nabantu. Basuke aliwa umphakathi. Ngamunye wabo prehistory ayo, kodwa zonke ukwabelana phansi. Phansi ukuphila futhi phansi umphefumulo, they were, ngenxa yezizathu ezihlukahlukene, kodwa indlela ukuze uthole bona.

ukwakheka

Ukuze ubhale ngaso indaba umsebenzi "phansi", kufanele sinake izici lelandzisako. Imvelo lapho isenzo senzeka - engaphansi emnyama ebukekayo. It ahlala ongaziwa abantu azikubheki. Abaningi babo azinalo amagama, isidlaliso eyodwa kuphela. "Azikho namanenekazi ngisele ngedwa indoda ehamba nqunu," - uthi omunye izinhlamvu.

Yabaphathi engaphansi, zokulala endlini - izinduku nomkakhe, Vasilisa. Ekuqaleni imisebenzi phakathi kwawo abakhileyo kuleli endlini dabukisa kuhlelwe ukungqubuzana emphakathini. Kodwa umsebenzi kunjalo, Isimanga siwukuthi, futhi uthando umugqa.

Unkosikazi uncenga Kostyleva Vaska Ashes ukubulala umyeni wakhe. Uma enze ubugebengu, kuba senkosikazi inkosi endlini zokulala futhi zithole abasha, unkosikazi omncane. Kodwa isela Vaska edonsela udade Vasilisa. Ngisho esimweni esidabukisayo ezinjalo, abantu zonda nomunye, nomhawu, ukuze athwale Mercantile izinhlelo. Nokho, ngisho lo mbono kungumongo play. Phela, umlingiswa oyinhloko kuyinhlekelele todvwa yabo futhi ukuzihlukanisa. Bathi ukuxoxa, kodwa ningaqondi nomunye. Omunye ezwa yena kuphela. Mayelana isizungu womuntu phakathi abantu kungaba babhale indaba ekhuluma umsebenzi "phansi."

izingxoxo zefilosofi

Phakathi izinhlamvu akudingeki ukuqonda, nakuba njalo kungaholela engxoxweni. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi abantu kungekho noma ziswele izidingo eziyisisekelo, khuluma ngezinto nodumo unembeza aphoyintimenti womuntu empilweni. Nokho, Thuthukisa isinyathelo, kuthathela ukubukeka Luka - nomfokazi, inkulumo yabo ukuvusa abakhileyo indlu Doss inhlansi yethemba. Ukwakhiwa phezu imisebenzi Maksima Gorkogo "I-Lower Ngokujula" ongasichitha lokhu uhlamvu.

Luka

Isiphetho i ongamazi asebekhulile akusona kulula. Wabuye, efana abakhileyo indlu Doss, kungokwalabo okuthiwa abantu wangaphambili. Noma kunjalo, akazange ukhohlwe kanjani ukuba nozwela futhi walahlekelwa uthando nenhlonipho kubantu. Futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, wonke umuntu Luka bakwazi ukukuzwa kanye nokuzwisisa.

Ududuza ukufa owesifazane indaba ipharadesi ezulwini. Vaska Ashes weluleka ukuya eSiberia, futhi uqale nge ishidi elimhlophe. A flooring ukuthi fantasy ibe flophouse kubangele insini obhuqayo, yena uyaduduzwa ngala mazwi: "Uma ukholwa okungokuthile okwakuphambene uthando lweqiniso ngani nawe, bese - ke kwaba."

Philosophizing pilgrim eveza Izikhumbuzo ohlakaniphile ekutshela ngemifanekiso, futhi emvuthwandaba ubeka isikhundla salo emangeni kanye nenzuzo yayo. Inkohliso isezinhliziyweni, ngokusho kwakhe, uyakwazi ukusiza umuntu, ngezinye izikhathi ngisho ukumsindisa. "Luka - umshumayeli amanga" - ". Ezansi" ukuthi kungaba isihloko imisebenzi umkhiqizo

M. Gorky savuma ukuthi izinkinga ukuthi izisethile e inqubo yokudala play, ziye linomqondo ohlobene njengoba iqiniso nesihawu. Ingabe ngidinga umuntu iqiniso, futhi ukuthi ugcine amanga ayo? Luka izindaba kumnandi ungazange wasiza izakhamuzi endlini zokulala. Bona-ke babavuthululela ke, wangenza icabangani futhi izizwa kanjani esiphakanyisiweyo.

emisha kumbhali

Gorky baba ungumdali uhlobo olusha play. Kulesi umsebenzi, zikhona izici, ongakayisebenzisi kule drama. Ngokusebenzisa ngemifanekiso namazwi Luka eveza umbono neyobuntu ka M. Gorky esikoleni indaba umsebenzi "Ngo phansi" kufanele ahlanganise inkhulumomphendvulwano ukuhlaziywa. Abawakha isenzo play, futhi sibonga kubo sizwisise isikhundla umlobi.

Maxim Gorky kulo msebenzi okukhulu wayeba njengompristi esikhundleni emasikweni laseChekhov. Akazange uhlukanise izinhlamvu ku emihle nemibi, ungacimi ezihilelekile umlingisi lomcoka. Lezi zici sici imisebenzi okukhulu Antona Chehova.

Ulunge kangakanani le Luka engumqambimanga-umduduzi, umlobi ubeka phambili kwenkokhiso heroes, abangakwazi sibhekane neqiniso. Abanaso samukele iqiniso, kodwa futhi ukushintsha into abazi izame ngisho nokuzama. Futhi ngenxa yokuthi i-manga kanzima kuba induduzo yabo kuphela.