Umculi German nama- Golbeyn (Encane): Biography, lokusungula

Nama- Golbeyn Omdala (≈1465-1524) wahola studio art. Kwasebenza umfowabo, futhi kamuva amadodana amabili. indima ebalulekile ikakhulukazi ubuciko Northern Renaissance kudlalwa indodana yakhe encane, a namesake egcwele uyise - nama- Golbeyn (1497-1543).

Esikhathini Augsburg ocebile

Esikhathini Bavarian Augsburg ubudala, lapho nama- Golbeyn (uyise) wazalwa, waba yayiphethe emhlanganweni wokufundisana ngase langena artisan esitolo, njengoba ubuciko Umdwebo ngalezo zinsuku awuzange kubhekwe. Ngakho-ke kwenzeka kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, lapho art absented izibalo. Igama elithi "wezibalo" ngokunqoba kwamaGreki asendulo yayingekho, futhi lo mdwebo nje izikebhe. Workshop Hans baba umkhaya. Ikesi achuma oda ngokwanele futhi yena, nomfowabo Sigmund, futhi umsizi uLeonard. Augsburg ngesikhathi kwekhulunyaka laliwumuzi omkhulu. It yasungulwa ukuhweba wakhula workshop lapho kukhiqizwa izikhali nezinto zokuhloba. Ngezinye abadwebi amakhasimende ayekujabulela lomkhaya ocebile. Ekhulwini XVI, nabathengisi lo muzi wawuyinhloko omunye acebe kakhulu eYurophu. Lo muzi ubizwa wayevame uMbusi Maximilian I. Nguye kanye nabasizi bakhe zalethwa lapha ulwazi olusha mayelana abaculi of Italian Renaissance, isibonelo. Kwakuyisikhathi lapho Gothic medieval wakhala bahlole izwe.

Esikhathini studio

Nama- Golbeyn iyavuleka a yobuhle entsha kanti zisingethwe organically baveze izimiso Yempucuko. udumo lwakhe lwaluqala linwebekela eningizimu yeJalimane. Okokuqala wammema ukusebenza Ulm ke ukuze Frankfurt. Amadodana akhe Ambrosius (1494-1519) noHans wenza imidwebo e Lucerne. Kuyinto omningi wenziwa ngaphakathi esakhiweni nangaphandle. Izithombe izigcawu samanje futhi uhlobo nokuzingela. Kamuva, nama- Golbeyn isuke emsebenzini asebenzayo futhi bazohlala Izengeyme lapho wafa. Ngo-Augsburg elibuyiselwe abhidlizwa ngesikhathi sempi, indlu Holbein, futhi Gallery amakhosi ubudala futhi Cathedral kukhona imisebenzi abazenzi nama- Golbeyn. imidwebo yakhe - ukuziqhenya edolobheni.

Life Hans Holbein-indodana

Ngemva kokusebenza kanye noyise mfowethu, Hans ngayohlala 1515 eSwitzerland. Eminyakeni eyishumi esezinzile Basel. Lapha ehlangana Erasmus, kubonisa "uDumo Ubuwula" yakhe, kudala isithombe kuye. abavikela yaso imeya Meyer, ngoba yena wabhala ngaphambi kokushiya eJalimane ngokubi ngokuhle engikwenzile, Umdwebo "Madonna we Meyer umndeni," omunye wemisebenzi yakhe yobungcweti kwalesi sikhathi. Maphakathi phezulu of the Virgin Mary ebambe usana olunguJesu ngaphansi isembozo i-scallop amagobolondo. Kukholakala ukuthi wayephakamisa lover okuthiwa uMagdalena Offenburg. Ngezansi ivikelwe nejazi Virgin esisogwini izinhlangothi umndeni wakhe Meyer. Kukholakala ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthola isihe uBaba waseZulwini ngokusebenzisa lokulabhela wakhe. I-scallop igobolondo lifanekisela isikhala saphezulu futhi njengabesifazane. umqhele Igolide ekhanda Virgin iyona ukuzimela kwamandla ayo. Ngakwesokunxele kuyinto Meyer yena kanye namadodana akhe amabili. Phambili kulesi sithombe kunesonto e white dress - indodakazi Meyera Anna. Khona - nomfazi wakhe wesibili, uDorothea, futhi ekugcineni, ngo profile sikhombisa, makoti lokuqala kakade ongasekho Meyer - Magdalena. Ngokho-ke - isithombe zenkolo lingavumelani sina. Akwaziwa ukuthi wayecabanga, kusale Basel, nama- Golbeyn. Umlando wakhe kule minyaka savela yokuwela. Wayaphi?

Nama- Golbeyn Jr. eNgilandi

Ngezinye kweminyaka emibili, umculi ukuya eNgilandi, lapho Wamukelwa ngemfudumalo, wabuyela Basel, saqeda yokudweba kwaMuhle nge izigcawu kusukela zeTestamente Elidala, futhi 1532 liyiswe unaphakade siqhingi. Lapha usuke eveza isithombe sakhe isipho kuya ngokugcwele. Manje siyoba izenzo zakhe abahlabelela ngazo wamenza nengapheli enkazimulweni. Precision Ukucaciswa ukukhanya kwezithombe - yilokho okwenza nama- Golbeyn. Imisebenzi kungukuthi ngokushesha yathola abalandeli, kodwa zathonya ukuthuthukiswa portraiture eBrithani.

"Ambassadors", 1533

Nama- Golbeyn Jr. wabhala nesithome amanxusa French ngonyaka lapho Princess Elizabeth wazalwa. Lesi sithombe Kwesimo double, futhi namanje impilo izintwana ezimbalwa eziye zabangela kukhulunywe kangaka.

Abesilisa begqoke izingubo ezahlukene, kwesokudla Zhan De Dentevil - endaweni wokuziphilisa, washiya uMbhishobhi Zhorzh De Selva - esemthethweni. Ibonisa ukungqubuzana ngeziphathimandla nezenkolo, phakathi kwamakhosi ozijameleko eBandleni. Ngo umbango isimiso lososayensi (emaculweni Martina Lyutera) futhi abefundisi bamaKatolika kubonisa nomqangala ngentambo eziphukile. Phakathi amanxusa ivuliwe Lutheran hymnal njengoba iwuphawu ulwazi zenkolo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ke kubahlanganisa ngokusebenzisa Our Lady. Ezansi Umdwebo phansi phakathi nendawo Yekhanda ifomu eside uhlanekezelwe. Akukacaci ukuthi kungani Holbein inikeza ukukhumbula ngokufa, kodwa kungenzeka ukuthi umculi isithombe ezintathu-level. Phezulu eshalofini kukhona ibanga eliphakathi kwezinto ezisemkhathini, waya engxenyeni, yehlukene kaningi okubalwa izinto alelo washi lika nezinye zomhlaba yasezulwini, ezansi - emhlabeni lasemhlabeni, njengoba kufakazelwa izincwadi ne-lute, futhi, ekugcineni, phansi isikhumbuzi sokufa ngesimo i cut etshekile. Kungokufanayo Kuthiwa futhi kwesiphambano ekhoneni elingenhla kwesokunxele, kanye medallion Zhana De Dentevilya. Ngakho umdwebi uphendulela oqondile, elula-sibheke ukuphila ngombono phantasmagoric.

portrait Lost weNkosi

Ngo-1536 Holbein baba enkantolo umdwebi iNkosi uHenry. Ngo 1536-1537 edala isithombe sakhe. Lasekuqaleni engakaze walondoloza, kwavutha phansi umlilo 1698, yaziwa kithi kuphela amakhophi amaningana. Ngaleso sikhathi, uHenry oshadile ukuba Dzheyn Seymur engakhonondi. Portrait abathobekile unkosikazi wesithathu uHenry uyasinda namuhla, kanye nesithome abasha-Prince Edward, le indlalifa okwase kukudala ilindelwe, ngesikhathi isencane.

Portrait kukaHenry VIII, ikhophi ngasekupheleni

Njengoba kushiwo, ekumeni kukaHenry VIII zishiswe. Bakhandwa okuhloswe ukuhlobisa Whitehall. Kodwa kwakukhona amakhophi. Ngaphandle inkosi ngokwayo, liphinde yayimelela umkayo Dzheyn Seymur nabazali bakhe, uHenry VII no-Elizabethe York. Lawa kwakungamadodana esemathuneni akudala, Iphele ku-1537, ukugubha ukuzalwa indodana ethandekayo. Kithina yokuqala kwakukhona kuphela ebhodini, lapho zipendwe kukaHenry VIII nokugcotshwa uyise, uHenry VII.

UHenry VIII (ikhophi) uvezwa yobude obugcwele ngaphandle inkemba, corona futhi intonga. Ubukhulu yenkosi ngocansi pose. Ngeqholo futhi bethukuthele zimi khona kanye phambi umbukeli, imilenze ukusabalala, izandla ubambe sokuma fighter. Kwesinye isandla asiphathele a igilavu, omunye iseduze neveli ibhande angababulali ezihlotshisiwe. Ugqoke eziningi ubucwebe, kuhlanganise izindandatho eziningana ezinkulu kanye pair of imigexo. Nezingubo ne emahlombe ezibanzi ukotini kuqinisa umbono wamandla wesilisa lovela yinkosi. Holbein obuhlanekezela ngokukhethekile ukuthola uHenry VIII, ukwenza kube esithé ukuphakama. On the portrait yenkosi usemncane futhi unempilo, lapho empeleni yayisivele ukuhlupheka kakhulu kusukela isilonda wathola uma sekuqhubeka le midlalo kabi. UHenry VIII wajabula ngakho lesi sithombe kangangokuba wayala ikhophi yayo, okuhloswe izipho zempahla izicukuthwane kanye amanxusa.

I-portrait, onguyena kuphela osaphila ngu Holbein

Lesi sithombe se-alikho LaseNgilandi, futhi ngo-Museum Thyssen-Bornemisza e Madrid, lapho inkosi uvezwa ngezinye izikhathi efakwe ebhekene umbukeli e ngamakwata amathathu. Kwaphela iminyaka eminingi, Umdwebo kwakungekaNkulunkulu umndeni Spencer, kodwa izinkinga zezimali ophoqelelwe lesikhombisa Earl Spencer ukuba amshiye. Lena Isibonelo esingokoqobo isitayela nenqwaba Holbein. emahlombe Frontally efakwe umuntu wasebukhosini, isikhundla izandla zakhe lihlotshiswe izindandatho, neketanga omkhulu, ukuma ngokubabazekayo ngokushesha ukukhombisa ukuthi isibukeli ubuntu namandla ngaphezu kokuvamile. Imperious nkosi ubuso esindayo ngomoya ophansi. izici wakhe handsome kungukuthi wayonakalisiwe futhi imibimbi noma ukugcwala ngokweqile. Amehlo ayisesemikhulu engakholwa ethi, kodwa ngibuka umuntu hhayi ontanga. Ebusweni akukho nokuncane ukusikiselwa kokuziphendukela ukumamatheka. Kuyinto umuntu onzima isetshenziswe ukukhetha ukuthi konke bebodwa, ngokuhlaziya phansi nokuphikiswa kwangempela futhi engokomfanekiso.

Holbein yafa ngesikhathi umqedazwe zezinhlupho eLondon. Lokhu kwaba sokuthuthwa kwempahla ithalente nekhono lakhe. Painter nje neminyaka engu-46 ubudala.